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Mites from the Demodecidae and Psorergatidae can optimally use mammalian hosts by inhabiting a number of different microhabitats in their skin. Hence, in individual hosts, several species of parasites from these groups have been described in different microhabitats. There are few data on their co-occurrence either at the host species level or at th...
Parasites are very widely distributed in the environment and form complex relationships with their hosts, forming host-parasite systems. They have various life strategies, either parasitizing on the body of the host (ectoparasites) or inside it (endoparasites). They can form both permanent, often long-term, and temporary relationships and can demon...
Capelin Mallotus villosus, a representative of the Osmeridae, is a common species found in the North Atlantic, Pacific and Arctic Ocean. Being one of the main components of the diet of various fish species, it plays an important role in the circulation of different parasite species, including the nematodes of the Anisakidae. Capelin is also extensi...
A greater understanding of mite biodiversity and ecology can explain their preference for microhabitats within host bodies, i.e., as ecto-, meso-, and endoparasites. Similarly, learning about the patterns formed by mite communities in wild animals can shed light on the mechanisms of parasitosis development in their domesticated counterparts. Hence,...
The Demodecidae are skin and tissue parasites of mammals with high host, topical, and topographic specificity. They may cause a demodecosis, typically observed in pets and humans. Numerous mammal species have been found to have several, specific demodecids, which inhabit different microhabitats. Thus far, two species have been known from the domest...
Among carnivorans, mites of the family Demodecidae are mainly represented by the eight species of the genus Demodex known to cause demodecosis in domestic dog Canis lupus familiaris Linnaeus, 1758 and domestic cat Felis catus Linnaeus, 1758. However, nine other Demodex species from wild carnivorans are also known; in addition they are only known fr...
Simple Summary: This paper describes a new species, Demodex pusillus, inhabiting the hairy skin of Nyctalus noctula, which is one of the smallest arthropods. New data on the coexistence of skin mites from the sister families Demodecidae and Psorergatidae in bats are also included, as well as an updated global checklist and data on their occurrence,...
The present paper reports the distribution of Epistylididae (Sessilida) epibiotic ciliates on the signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus in relation to specialized structures of the host's exoskeleton for the first time. This species is known to maintain a relatively clean carapace, but it is sometimes overgrown by other organisms. Epibionts cove...
The European bison (wisent) Bison bonasus is not only the largest terrestrial mammal in Europe, but also an example of the successful restitution and reintroduction of a species that became extinct in nature at the beginning of the 20th century. Even so, it remains a rare, protected species, and one susceptible to varied threats, including diseases...
Sixteen species of parasitic mites of the family Demodecidae have been described in ungulates (Ungulatomorpha), particularly among domestic animals and livestock. Specific synhospital species have been found in seven host species. Demodex bisonianus, occurring in the Meibomian glands of the eyelids, was described in the European bison Bison bonasus...
Only six parasitic species of Demodecidae mite have thus far been described from the Soricomorpha, these being associated with the common shrew Sorex araneus Linnaeus, 1758, and the Mediterranean water shrew Neomys anomalus Cabrera, 1907 (two species from each host), and with the lesser white-toothed shrew Crocidura suaveolens (Pallas, 1811) and th...
The swordfish, Xiphias gladius Linnaeus, 1758, is a fish that sporadically enters the Baltic Sea. The present paper describes the identification of a very rarely recorded and poorly studied copepod of the family Philichthyidae – Philichthys xiphiae Steenstrup, 1862 – in a dead swordfish found on a sea beach in Dźwirzyno (Poland) in 2016. Philichthy...
Demodecidae are the most specialized parasitic mites of mammals; they typically inhabit
the skin, but they have been found in other tissues and organs. They can cause demodecosis (a disease which is hazardous and difficult to cure) in humans, domestic animals and livestock. They are parasites with high host and topical specificity. They have been f...
The common harbor porpoise is a widely-distributed marine mammal with three known subspecies, including P. phocoena phocoena, with a clearly distinct and critically endangered (CR) subpopulation from the Baltic Sea (Baltic Proper). As part of an assessment of the condition and health threats of these mammals, it is important to conduct parasitologi...
Dolphins are rarely observed in the Baltic Sea, making only sporadic appearances as a result of their migrations. The study included six specimens: four white-beaked dolphins Lagenorhynchus albirostris and two striped dolphins Stenella coeruleoalba. Their gastrointestinal tracts were found to contain the nematodes Anisakis simplex (in
both species)...
Thelazia callipaeda is a zoonotic nematode transmitted by drosophilid flies. It causes ocular thelaziosis, a disease of carnivores, such as dogs, cats, and foxes, and also humans. The parasite has thus far been observed in various areas of Eurasia, including 20 countries within Europe. The present study documents its presence in the south-east regi...
Demodecidae are the most specialized parasitic mites of mammals; they typically inhabit the skin, but they have been found in other tissues and organs. They can cause demodecosis (a disease which is hazardous and difficult to cure) in humans, domestic animals and livestock. They are parasites with high host and topical specificity. They have been f...
The present paper lists all parasite species of the European eel Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus, 1758), recorded in Poland, in both its saltwater and freshwater habitats. The list has been drawn up, based on data acquired since 1844. The majority of included parasite species are presented with fish infection parameters together with data on their deve...
The garfish Belone belone (Linnaeus, 1760) is a marine fish which can be found in the shallow waters of the Baltic Sea in the spring and summer spawning period. In 2010 and in 2016, 73 specimens of garfish collected in the Gulf of Gdansk (southern Baltic Sea) were examined for the presence of helminths. The fish were found to support the nematode A...
The present study describes a finding of the demodecid mite Demodex phocidi in the seal Phoca vitulina in the Baltic Sea. This is the first identification in Europe and the second in the world. This is also the first observation of the Demodecidae family in the pinnipeds outside North America. A high density of demodecid mites was observed in the s...
Thus far, only six species of parasitic mites of the Demodecidae family have been recorded in hosts from the Soricomorpha: two from the common shrew (Sorex araneus), two from the Mediterranean water shrew (Neomys anomalus), one from the lesser white-toothed shrew (Crocidura suaveolens) and one from the European mole (Talpa europaea). The present st...
A new species, Demodex plecoti sp. nov. (Acariformes: Demodecidae), is described based on adult and immature stages from the brown long-eared bat Plecotus auritus (Linnaeus, 1758) in Poland. The mites were found in 100% of the examined bat individuals, with a mean intensity of 23.5 parasites per host. Demodex plecoti sp. nov. was observed only in t...
On 28 August 2015, a dead fin whale Balaenoptera physalus (Linnaeus, 1758) was collected from the waters of the Gulf of Gdan΄%%KERN_ERR%%sk (Baltic Sea). The individual was a male in a poor nutritional condition with an empty stomach. Over 34000 Ogmogaster antarcticus flukes were found in the colon and rectum. This is the first observation of O. an...
Among 15 demodecid mite species (Acariformes: Demodecidae) recorded from carnivorans Carnivora, 3 species were described from mustelids Mustelidae. They are known only from single records, for which Demodex erminae has been described from the stoat Mustela erminea from Great Britain and New Zealand, D. melesinus from the European badger Meles meles...
Parasitic arthropods of marine mammals are relatively poorly understood, with the least amount of data on the occurrence of parasitic arthropods in these hosts. Thus far, only seal lice Echinophthirius horridus (von Olfers, 1816) have been found in the Baltic seals, while there was no information about the presence of parasitic mites in these mamma...
As many as 26 species of parasitic mites of the Demodecidae family have thus far been described in the Chiroptera, of which only three have been found in bats from Europe. The first of the latter group was Demodex chiropteralis Hirst, 1921, described on the basis of only two females originating from one bat from Great Britain; an observation which...
The clam Rangia cuneata, originating from the Gulf of Mexico, was recorded in the Vistula Lagoon for the first time in the early 2010s, and quickly became the dominant component of the zoobenthic biomass. To assess mortality as a factor potentially controlling the growth of Rangia population, a year-long field experiment involving marked bivalves p...
Demodecosis canina is one of the most important dog parasitoses, but its aetiology is still not well known. There are currently two known species of demodecid mite specific to the domestic dog Canis lupus familiaris Linnaeus, 1758 (Carnivora: Canidae). These are Demodex canis Leydig, 1859 (Acariformes: Demodecidae) and Demodex injai Desch & Hillier...
The Siberian sturgeon Acipenser baerii and the sterlet Acipenser ruthenus were recorded
for the first time in the Vistula Lagoon in 2011. Among 66 sturgeons collected
between April and December 2011, the Siberian sturgeon was the most numerous
species (77%); however, a significant seasonal variability was observed, with sterlet
dominating in the ca...
Most ticks of the genus Amblyomma and Rhipicephalus are typical ectoparasites of bovine. However,
information about survival in different environmental conditions or coexistence of different species is lacking.
Amblyomma hebraeum Koch, 1844, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Neumann, 1901 and R. maculatus Neumann, 1901 were found in the skin (fixed in t...
A new species, Demodex bandicotae sp. nov. (Acariformes: Demodecidae), is described based on adult stages
from the hairy skin of the greater bandicoot rat Bandicota indica (Bechstein, 1800), collected in Lao People’s
Democratic Republic (Laos). Parasites were noted in 41.7% of bandicoot rats, with a mean intensity of 5.6
parasites in the tested ski...
Demodex mollis n. sp. is described from the yellow-necked mouse Apodemus flavicollis (Melchior, 1834) from Poland. It is a medium-sized demodecid mite (adult stages are on average 249 µm long) observed in the skin of the eyelid area. The new species is most similar to two other species occupying similar microhabitat in hosts of the same genus - Dem...
Most ticks of the genus Amblyomma and Rhipicephalus are typical ectoparasites of bovine. However, information about survival in different environmental conditions or coexistence of different species is lacking. Amblyomma hebraeum Koch, 1844, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Neumann, 1901 and R. maculatus Neumann, 1901 were found in the skin (fixed in t...
A new species, Demodex vibrissae sp. nov. (Acari: Demodecidae), is described based on the morphology of
adults and nymphs from the skin of the house mouse Mus musculus Linnaeus, 1758 in Poland. It is a demodecid mite of medium size (adult stages on average 179 μm in length), and its body is slender and strongly elongated. Individuals were found in...
The study of the parasitofauna of the house mouse Mus musculus (Rodentia: Muridae) Linnaeus is particularly important owing to its multiple relationships with humans – as a cosmopolitan, synanthropic rodent, bred for pets, food for other animals or laboratory animal. This article proposes and describes a new genus and species of the parasitic mite...
A new species of demodecid mite, Demodex castoris sp. nov. (Acari: Prostigmata: Demodecidae), is described based on adult stages from the skin of the nasal region of the Eurasian beaver Castor fiber Linnaeus, 1758, collected in Poland. This is the first detection of a representative demodecid mite in rodents of the suborder Castorimorpha and also r...
Nicienie z rodzaju Contracaecum (Anisakidae) to pasożyty związane ze środowiskiem wodnym. Z terenu Polski znanych jest 6 gatunków, przy czym Contracaecum rudolphii Hartwich, 1964 oraz C. osculatum (Rudolphi, 1802) to nicienie słonowodne. Żywicielem ostatecznym dla C. rudolphii są ptaki rybożerne (głównie kormorany), natomiast dla C. osculatum – ssa...
Turbot Scophthalmus maximus (Linnaeus, 1758) is a fish belonging to the Pleuronectiformes order. It is commonly observed in waters of the northern Atlantic, and also in the Baltic Sea. As an economically significant species, it is fished on an industrial scale, and also farmed in some European countries. Seventy-two turbots from the Gulf of Gdańsk...
This article describes two new skin mite species found on the house mouse Mus musculus L., 1758. Demodex marculus sp. nov. is a very small demodecid mite (adult stages, on average, 99 µm in length) found in mouse skin in the abdomen, back, limbs, and anal area. It is characterized by relatively large bossing hammer-shaped supracoxal spines, embedde...
A new species Demodex conicus n. sp. is described based on adult and juvenile stages from the ear canals
of the house mouse Mus musculus L. in Poland. The new species is most similar to D. auricularis
Izdebska, Rolbiecki & Fryderyk, 2014 from the ear canals of the wood mouse Apodemus sylvaticus (L.),
but differs in the following features: the gnath...
Sprat Sprattus sprattus is a common fish across the European seas. It is of great importance for fishing industry, also in the southern Baltic Sea. Although parasitic fauna of the species has already been a subject of interest, it is still not very well explored in the southern Baltic Sea. In 2009 and 2011, 187 specimens of the European sprat from...
Demodex flagellurus Bukva, 1985 is one of two known demodecid mites of the house mouse Mus musculus Linnaeus, 1758, in which it is observed in genital area. Skin fragments of 30 house mice from various regions of Poland (residential buildings in Gdynia and Gdańsk, rural region in Wielkopolska-Kujawska Lowland) were examined. The mites were noted in...
A typical parasitofauna of mammals, as the animals associated with various types of terrestrial ecosystems, is represented by different groups of terrestrial arthropods – mites and insects. However, the mammals that secondarily adopted to aqueous life type, usually retain, at least partially, a set of parasitic arthropods typical for related to the...
Sprat Sprattus sprattus is a common fish across the European seas. It is of great importance for
fishing industry, also in the southern Baltic Sea. Although parasitic fauna of the species has already been a
subject of interest, it is still not very well explored in the southern Baltic Sea. In 2009 and 2011, 187 specimens of the European sprat from...
This article describes the morphological features and occurrence of Demodex ponderosus n. sp. on brown rats, Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout), in Poland. D. ponderosus n. sp. is a small demodecid, adults average 152 μm in length, and are oval in shape. They were found in the skin of nearly hairless regions, tail and paws, of rats. Adult mites exhibit...
Abstract This article describes morphological characteristics and occurrence of Demodex lutrae n. sp., which was found on European otter Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758) in Poland. The new species was found in hairy regions of otter skin, mainly in the head area. With respect to morphological features, D. lutrae is most similar to D. canis (Leydig, 185...
Demodex auricularis sp. nov. is described from the European wood mouse Apodemus sylvaticus Linnaeus, 1758 (Rodentia: Muridae) from Poland. Demodex auricularis sp. nov. is a medium-sized demodecid mite (adult stages average 214 µm in length) observed entirely in the ear canal of mice. One already identified species of analogical microhabitat is Demo...
The Eurasian otter Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758) is a typical representative of carnivorous mammals from the family of mustelids (Mustelidae) which are closely connected with aquatic ecosystems. Parasitofauna of the otter is poorly identified, e.g. only two specimens have been examined in Poland for the presence of parasites. Currently, three specie...
This article describes morphological characteristics and the occurrence of Demodex
gracilentus sp. nov., which was found in the striped Þeld mouse Apodemus agrarius (Pallas, 1771) in
the skin of vibrissae area. D. gracilentus occurred in 36.7% of the rodents examined. D. gracilentus is
a relatively large representative of the genus (adult stages on...
Demodex microti n. sp. (Acari, Demodecidae) is described from the skin of the genital area of the common vole Microtus arvalis (Pallas) in Poland based on the morphology of the adult and immature stages. The new species appears most similar to D. cricetuli Hurley & Desch, 1994 from the gray dwarf hamster, Cricetulus migratorius (Pallas), but differ...
The present study provides new data on the spread of subcutaneous mites Epimyodex microti Fain, Lukoschus et Rosmalen, 1982 (Acariformes: Epimyodecidae) observed in the common vole Microtus arvalis (Pallas, 1778) (Rodentia: Cricetidae). It is one of few findings of the mites of this family in the world. The family name Epimyodicidae is changed to E...
One of the least researched groups of parasitic arthropods in the brown rat Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout, 1769) are skin mites from the family of Sarcoptidae. Specimens representing two species of sarcoptic mites were found in 30 examined rats from northern Poland: Notoedres muris Megnin, 1877 and Trixacarus diversus Sellnick, 1944. The total prev...
Macoma balthica is a marine bivalve commonly occurring in the boreal zone. It is one of the most common zoobenthos species in the Baltic Sea, including the Gulf of Gdańsk, and a significant element of the food web. Observations of the infection prevalence in M. balthica from different parts of Gulf of Gdańsk were conducted in 2007-2008, taking into...
The European anchovy, Engraulis encrasicolus (Linnaeus, 1758), enters the Baltic Sea only occasionally. Little is known about the parasites that inhabit this fish in the northern part of its natural range (north-eastern Atlantic). This study is based on 32 anchovies sampled in autumn 2006 from a substantial bycatch accompanying sprat in the Gulf of...
The occurrence and localization of mites from Demodecidae family in brown rat Rattus norvegicus skin were analyzed. The presence of four species (Demodex nanus Hirst, 1918, D. norvegicus (Berkenhout, 1769), D. ratti Hirst, 1917, D. ratticola Bukva, 1995) were noted, from which D. nanus, found in 100.0% of the examined rats, was predominant one. The...
Demodex ratticola was recorded in the brown rat Rattus norvegicus from northern Poland. It is a skin mite specific to this host, previously recorded only in the Czech Republic. D. ratticola was found at a prevalence 65.0% and mean intensity 12.7 in skin samples taken from the regions of lips, nose and chin. Furthermore, three other species from the...
Localization of three species of mites belonging to Demodecidae family (Acari, Prostigmata)in stripedfield mouse Apodemus agrarius(Pallas, 1771)was analyzed. Occurrence of Demodex agrariiBukva,1994,D.arvicolae apodemiHirst,1918 and D.huttereri Mertens, Lukoschus et Nutting, 1983 was established. This is thefirst time when D. huttereriwas found in P...
Anguillicoloides crassus is a pathogenic nematode of the swim bladders of eel. This nematode was introduced from east Asia to Europe in the early 1980s. In Europe, A. crassus occurred to be a typical invasive species that rapidly attacked cultivated and natural European eel populations. The study material comprised 28, 23, 15, and 7 swim bladders c...
Parasite communities of selected animal species from water basins with different degrees and types of anthropogenic stress differ from each other. Fish are a good subject for the study of this issue since they are one of the terminal links of the parasitic succession, and they accumulate many parasites from various parasitic groups. The aim of the...
Parasitic arthropods are impressive and diverse group but only few of them live on hosts inhabiting water environment and most of them are crustaceans, which are a group originally connected with this environment. However some species of mites and insects have secondarily adapted to living in aquatic ecosystems, and consequently evolved new adaptat...
Background. The twaite shad, Alosa fallax (Lacepède, 1803), is a migratory marine species which lives in North Atlantic and sporadically appears in the Baltic Sea. Parasites of the twaite shad are poorly known, especially those infecting the fish occurring in the Baltic.Materials and Methods. Within 2003-2005, 100 individuals of A. fallax, caught i...
The lake brown trout is a salmonids fish regarded as a stationary form of the migratory trout. Within 2003-2004, 31 lake brown trout (Salmo trutta lacustris L.) from Lake Wdzydze (Poland), were examined for the presence of parasites following commonly used procedures. The parasites found represented Digenea: Diplostomum sp., Posthodiplostomum cutic...
Background. A female saithe, Pollachius virens (L.), caught in the Baltic Sea, off Polish coast, was infected with microsporidian Glugea sp., nematodes Anisakis simplex (L3), Contracaecum osculatum (L3), Hysterothylacium aduncum aduncum, H. aduncum gadi, and acanthocephalan Echinorhynchus gadi; each of which constitutes a new geographic locality re...
The lumpsucker (Cyclopterus lumpus Linnaeus, 1758) is a marine fish inhabiting shallow coastal areas of North Atlantic. In 1996-2006, 224 lumpsucker individuals caught in the Gulf of Gdańsk and Vistula Lagoon (Poland) were examined for metazoan parasites. The fish were found to support the cestode Eubothrium crassum (Bloch, 1779), the nematodes Con...
Anguillicola crassus Kuwahara, Niimi et Itagaki, 1974 is an Asian parasitic nematode that was introduced to Europe and inhabits the swim bladder of eels. In the 2002-2005 period, 237 eels, Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus, 1758), from Lake Wdzydze were examined for the occurrence of the nematode. 79.3% of the fish were infected, at a mean intensity of 7...
The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and intensity of infection of European eel, Anguilla anguilla (L.), with nematode and monogenean gill parasites. Fifty individuals obtained from Vistula Lagoon stocking material were examined in August and October 2006. The prevalence of infection with Pseudodactylogyrus anguillae (Yin et Sprosto...
One specimen of Aporocotyle simplex Odhner, 1900 (Digenea: Sanguinicolidae) was confirmed in 2004 from the branchial artery of a dab, Limanda limanda (Linnaeus, 1758), from the Gulf of Gdańsk. This work provides a partial description and a few morphological measurements of that specimen. This is the first record of A. simplex from Poland.
Parasites of the genus Ellobiopsis and epibiontic ciliates of the genus Paracineta were found on the body surface of somecopepod taxa collected in the Kongsfjorden area (west Spitsbergen, Svalbard) during summer 2002.
Paracineta sp. individuals were noted in Metridia longa and Paraeuchaeta norvegica (0.5% of the population infectedin each species)....
A list and key to the identification of valid species of tapeworms of the Proteocephalus Weinland, 1858 aggregate sensu de Chambrier etal. (2004), i.e. species of the genus occurring in fresh- and brackish-water fishes in the Palaearctic Region,
are provided, with data on their hosts and geographical distribution. Instead of 32 taxa listed by Schmi...
This work presents the application of acetic acid as a fixing and dehydrating agent and benzyl alcohol as the clearing medium for helminths of the Monogenea, Digenea, Cestoda, Nematoda and Acanthocephala, and mounting them in Canada balsam or other resins.
Macoma balthica is the major zoobenthic species in the Gulf of Gdańsk. Material. Two (4.2%) of the 48 M. balthica specimens collected in 2002 from the depth of 40 m were found to harbour metacercariae containing sporocysts of Parvatrema affinis (Jameson et Nicoll, 1913) James, 1964. Results. The paper reports morphoanatomical dimensions of 30 sporo...
The round goby, Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas, 1811) was introduced into southern Baltic waters (including the Vistula Lagoon) from the Black Sea and Sea of Azov in the early 1990s. This study describes the parasites of the round goby in its new environment. In 2004, 486 round goby specimens from the Vistula Lagoon were examined for parasites. The...
Co-infection of house mice (Mus musculus Linnaeus, 1758) with skin mites and helminths was studied. Intensity of their infection with skin mites (Demodex arvicolae musculi Oudemans, 1897 and D. flagellurus Bukva, 1985) was found to be proportional to their infection with the nematode Syphacia obvelata (Rudolphi, 1802).
Of the 105 great cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo sinensins) from northern Poland (the Vistula Lagoon and Masurian Lake District), examined in 2000–2001, 67 proved hosts of the nematode
Syncuaria squamata (Linstow, 1883). The prevalence, mean intensity, and intensity range amounted to 63.8 %, 36.2 specimens, and 1–120 specimens,
respectively. The in...
Eel is one of the most valuable commercial fish species of the Vistula Lagoon. For this reason its infection by non-indigenous species of parasites is the subject of the interest of sciencists.
A total of 90 eel specimens caught in the Polish part of the Vistula Lagoon were examined over the period of May-August 2005. The fish were subjected to sta...
Co-infection of house mice (Mus musculus Linnaeus, 1758) with skin mites and helminths was studied. Intensity of their infection with skin mites (Demodex arvicolae musculi Oudemans, 1897 and D. flagellurus Bukva, 1985) was found to be proportional to their infection with the nematode Syphacia obvelata (Rudolphi, 1802).
The abundance and composition of parasitic faunas change with fish size (age). The correlation between the occurrence of parasites and body length of cyprinids (carp bream and roach) and percids (European perch, zander, and ruffe) in the Vistula Lagoon was analysed, based on 1856 fish specimens caught between 1994-1997. Of the 63 parasitic taxa ide...
Five out of 28 Great Cormorants collected in spring 2005 from the Vistula Lagoon were found to contain a total of 19 (16 in the stomach and 3 in the intestine) stage III larvae of Anisakis simplex. Spring is the season when nematode-infected herring from the western Baltic, Danish straits, and the North Sea arrive in the Vistula Lagoon and transmit...