Leorey Marquez

The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation | CSIRO · Division of Computational Informatics

Human safety is one of the most important investments of societies world-wide. Evacuation is among the preparation procedure of securely moving a crowd out of danger in the most efficient way possible. Fortunately, technology offers a great deal on significantly decreasing monetary and non-monetary operational costs and redirecting these to place m...

Radical low-carbon innovations have considerable technological and revolutionary influences. These key technologies considerably reduce carbon dioxide emissions. This study examines the role of carbon finance development in China’s radical low-carbon innovations. The paper identifies the key entities involved, constructs a network model of the inte...

The papers in this special section focus on modeling and simulation in disaster and emergency management. The COVID-19 pandemic of 2020 has wrought damage globally to a degree that is totally unprecedented in human history.Within three months that the first known death from the illness caused by the so-called novel Coronavirus was reported by state...

This paper combined the MFDFA(multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis) and MFDCCA (multifractal detrended crossing correlation analysis) with time singularity multifractal spectrum to analyze the volatility relationship between onshore and offshore USD/RMB exchange rates. We find some evidences on the volatility of onshore and offshore exchange...

This report provides a summary of the research activities in the research project RP3028: A Virtual Market for Analysing the Uptake of Energy Efficiency Measures in Residential and Commercial Sectors. In Australia, as of the first quarter of 2017, electricity generation accounts for 35% of greenhouse gas emissions and energy use accounts for 79% of...

The supply chain for rice from the Mekong River Delta (MRD), one of the premier rice-growing regions of Vietnam, is highly vulnerable to various natural disasters and socioeconomic risk factors. Unfortunately to date, many of the causes, and impacts of these risk factors are still not well understood. Much of the literature focus on the economic an...

This paper describes the development of the Pasay City Barangay-based Poverty Model (PCBPM), a simulation model of poverty dynamics for urban regions using local government units as agents exhibiting the interactions between poverty, demographic factors, geographic attributes, external events and internal interventions. The paper also discusses the...

The low uptake of cost effective, energy efficient retrofits for commercial buildings suggests that economic considerations are not the sole determinant for their adoption. Socio-psychological surveys provide additional insights into consumption behaviour reflecting important lifestyle, attitudinal, risk, familiarity of technology, cultural and oth...

The increasing frequency and intensity of storms that hit the Philippines and the destructive floods that follow has made the prediction of outflow behaviour for catchment basins during high precipitation events essential in preparing riverside communities to manage disaster scenarios. This paper reports on the development of an agent-based simulat...

Over the last several decades, many land use and transport models have been developed to overcome the problem of coordination. However, environmental aspects have been long ignored in these models. It is not until recently that the attention has been redirected from economic to environmental impacts of land use and transport policies, and global en...

CSIRO land-use/transport models have been successfully applied by people in many cities throughout the world where people have been able to calibrate the models to planning regimes and land use patterns very different to their original base in Melbourne. In particular TOPAZ - (Technique for Optimal Placement of Activities in Zones), one of the firs...

As office buildings age, they become less efficient, producing higher CO2 emissions and consuming higher amounts of energy and financial resources. With 85% of all Australian office stock older than 10 years, the commercial ‘office’ building is the most significant building type in terms of energy efficiency and emissions reduction. There are huge...

The horticulture industry in Australia, valued at $3.6 billion per annum, is cyclically subjected to extreme weather events (EWE) that impact on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and fuel costs. These EWE threaten the viability of the industry, and a better understanding of these factors is required to improve the industry’s response to these vulnerab...

Projected climatic changes in Australia for the next 50 years indicate a likely increase in the frequency, intensity, and duration of extreme weather events such as heatwaves. The wine and grape industry has intensified calls for more effective methods of managing viticulture activities before, during, and after these events in order to ensure the...

Government has a vital role in disaster risk reduction. Providing protection from natural disasters is fundamental to ensuring the well-being and safety of the general public, most especially the vulnerable members of society - the children, the aged and the sick. And while risks to life and property due to bushfires are common in Australia, it was...

The Australian 'Pathways to Market' project involves targeted investigation into how intelligent use of information can contribute to enhancing industry competitiveness, environmental sustainability and innovation in food value chains. It is focused on supporting premium food companies to adapt to, and capitalise on, the significant business opport...

Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology has been applied for automation processes in the supply chain for more than a decade. RFID technology can be employed in the supply chain for real time food tracing and quality control to reduce food wastage and food-borne illnesses. In this paper, an approach to the integration of RFID technology wi...

Building industry is one of the high energy-consuming industries in the world. 23% of national GHG emissions are responsible for buildings in Australia. Many energy efficient measures and technologies have been developed and/or developing to improve building energy performance for the lighting, window, HVAC, insulation system etc. Many existing bui...

Research has consistently shown that poor and vulnerable populations are more exposed to the impact of disasters. Once affected, this sector also faces constraints in its ability to quickly recover livelihoods owing to limited assets and financial resources as well as lack of access to financial services and appropriate disaster finance products (e...

Disasters disproportionally affect the poor, vulnerable, and marginalized. Improving social protection and community-driven development (CDD) interventions and linking these mechanisms to disaster risk management (DRM) increases the effectiveness of DRM programs in contributing to poverty alleviation and sustainable development, while significantly...

As government and industry plan to reduce energy consumption in building stock, there is a need to forecast the uptake of retrofit packages across building stock over time. To address this challenge a diffusion model was set up and applied to office building stock across New South Wales (NSW) in Australia, accommodating a high spatial resolution an...

Traditional packaging systems are refused since these systems do not provide any information about the quality of food products to the consumers and manufacturers at any stage of supply chain. The essence of a new technology to monitor the food spoilage from farm to fork is emerged to reduce hazards such as food borne diseases. Moreover, the food q...

The growing demand from government planners and policy makers has led to the development of specialised decision support tools to assist in evaluating the myriad of options, policies, strategies and programs aimed at reducing energy consumption and the associated greenhouse gas emissions in every sector of the economy. The residential sector contin...

This Report is about the potential benefits and other impacts that Next Generation Broadband (NGB) – exemplified in Australia by the National Broadband Network (NBN) – will bring to individuals, communities, businesses and governments. Attention is focussed on methods for measuring those impacts and maximizing net benefits, under a strategic framew...

The low uptake of cost effective, energy efficient retrofits for commercial buildings suggests that economic considerations are not the sole determinant for their adoption. Socio-psychological segmentation studies provide additional determinants of consumption behaviour reflecting important lifestyle, attitudinal, risk, familiarity of technology, c...

Wine production is an important component of Australia's regional economy and wine quality is essential for maintaining Australia's high levels of wine exports to more than 120 countries. Temperature conditions during shipment are highly important in ensuring that Australian wines reach the customer table, locally or overseas, in optimum condition....

CSIRO is applying cutting-edge mathematics to all aspects of wine supply networks to improve efficiency and help winemakers deliver higher quality wines to consumers. CSIRO aims to revolutionise the way in which winery intake – the movement of grapes, juice and wine into the winemaking processes of a winery – is planned and managed. The underlying...

Discusses two models for greenhouse gas emissions arising form transportation of fruit and vegetables in Victoria: one is a deterministic model and one is a stochastic model.

In this article we present a heuristic based on Lagrangean relaxation for scheduling rental vehicles. The scheduling problem can be formulated as a set of large assignment problems with linking constraints. We discuss the theory behind the heuristic, including the ability to obtain lower bounds. The heuristic is based on ideas first introduced by D...

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) involving automated data collection technologies are collecting masses of data around the clock. These data are seldom used beyond their immediate purpose. At the same time new ITS implementations using data fusion are "hungry" for relevant real-time information. However, there is usually little incentive fo...

ITS measures can be particularly valuable for reducing the negative environment impacts of road traffic. However, while the importance of ITS for improving vehicle safety and highway capacity or efficiency has been recognised, the environmental impacts may have been under-estimated Actions to reduce the environmental impacts of traffic have focusse...

Bottlenecks in Australia's coal supply chains are currently restricting the potential volume of Australia's coal exports, and adding to their cost. Strong growth in coal exports over recent years has resulted in limited spare capacity in the coal transport infrastructure. The Australian Government has joined the coal industry in exploring short and...

This report provides an extensive analysis of the costs structures and qualitative and quantitative drivers of food logistics, by using case studies including mango, livestock, wine and field crops. The study showed that logistics are very significant component of the cost of food production and its retail value. Four major types of logistics were...

A study to investigate the sensitivity of urban freight patterns to various greenhouse gas abatement policy measures has recently been completed. Although the Sydney urban area was used as the focus of the case study, the estimated impacts of changing freight vehicle operations across the urban area, via vehicle technologies, infrastructure improve...

Critical infrastructure protection requires an accurate assessment of the impacts of disruptions on regional, state and national scales. This paper describes ongoing research at CSIRO's Critical Infrastructure Protection Stream aimed at developing a framework for impact assessment of infrastructure disruptions in terms of economic costs and human c...

Critical infrastructure protection requires an accurate assessment of the impacts of disruptions on regional, state and national scales. This paper describes ongoing research at CSIRO’s Critical Infrastructure Protection Stream aimed at developing a framework for impact assessment of infrastructure disruptions in terms of economic costs and human c...

Despite significant improvements in fuel and engine technology, road traffic remains a major source of air pollutants, such as oxides of nitrogen, CO, particulate matter, and volatile organic compounds. Many recent studies have demonstrated associations between traffic-related air pollution and the adverse effects of exposure to traffic-related air...

Despite significant improvements in fuel and engine technology, road traffic remains a major source of air pollutants, such as oxides of nitrogen, CO, particulate matter, and volatile organic compounds. Many recent studies have demonstrated associations between traffic-related air pollution and the adverse effects of exposure to traffic-related air...

Addressing air pollution impacts of ITS is important because air quality rates as a major environmental concern in urban areas, especially with regards to health impacts on vulnerable people. Estimation of the outcomes of ITS on air pollution may show potential benefits and allay fears that improved traffic efficiency will just increase traffic vol...

This paper presents a decision support tool called FAST aimed at optimising fleet allocations and obtaining minimum cost delivery routes. FAST is implemented in Microsoft Excel and therefore provides a user interface that is widely available, familiar to most users, and has minimal hardware requirements. The development approach used thus provides...

As part of the Low Emission Transport theme of the CSIRO Energy Transformed Flagship we are developing an Intelligent Transport System (ITS) " Greenhouse Gas (GHG)/ Energy Impact Evaluation Tool " (ITS–GHG tool). This tool will be used to demonstrate to stakeholders the environmental (and ultimately cost) benefits of adopting Intelligent Transport...

The effective and efficient movement of freight is critical to Australia's economy and must be assured in the face of changing local and global conditions. However, the tensions between facilitating economic activity and the impacts on traffic and the environment are heightened due to the intensely competing demands evident in urban areas. These co...

Office reallocations are an increasingly common feature of modern life as companies merge or move location for reasons ranging from rent savings to co-location for synergies with other organisations. In most such moves staff is concerned about the effect of change on their lives. Managements understand that there will be changes in staff journeys t...

CSIRO is undertaking a study to establish the value of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) for ameliorating growing environmental, economic and social impacts of increasing traffic in urban areas. This paper, reporting results from early stages of the work, discusses the benefits of estimating the relative impacts of alternative ITS measures at a d...

The CSIRO, Australia's government research laboratory, has commenced foundation projects on Intelligent Transport Market and Policy Portfolio as part of its Flagship program on Energy. Using marketing science and socioeconomic integration principles, the project aims to produce a portfolio of decision-support tools that will assist in maximizing th...

This study, undertaken on behalf of BTRE and the Australian Greenhouse Office by a consortium led by CSIRO, examines the responses of urban freight patterns to greenhouse gas abatement scenarios. Using Sydney as the city for analysis, seven scenarios are examined. These include: o improved fuel consumption (freight vehicles only); o less congestion...

A study to investigate the sensitivity of urban freight patterns to various greenhouse abatement policy measures is underway with Metropolitan Sydney being used as the case study area due to the availability of detailed freight and passenger network level data and models at the New South Wales transport Data Centre (TDC). The study is designed to b...

A study to investigate the sensitivity of urban freight to various greenhouse gas abatement policy measures has recently been completed with Metropolitan Sydney being used as the case study area due to the availability of detailed freight and passenger network level data and models at the New South Wales Transport Data Centre (TDC). The study is de...

A study to investigate the sensitivity of urban freight patterns to various greenhouse abatement policy measures is underway with Metropolitan Sydney being used as the case study area due to the availability of detailed freight and passenger network level data and models at the New South Wales Transport Data Centre (TDC). The study is designed to b...

There has been increasing interest in holistic assessment of the value of transport initiatives. This is sometimes described as Triple E assessment because it considers the Economy, Equity and the Environment. Organisational performance in addressing these three aspects of developments is measured to produce a Triple Bottom line report. This paper...

This paper is the second in a series being prepared for the Rail Cooperative Research Centre (CRC) for Railway Engineering and Technologies. Paper 2 provides a literature review and document search of internationally relevant and successful e-business systems and practices for rail. The report covers findings from the international literature cover...

This paper examines the advantages of utilizing operational ticketing and boarding data in bus services and route planning processes. It illustrates how boarding information can be mined to analyze the relationship between bus patronage and demographic characteristics in areas along existing bus routes. This relationship can in turn be used to deve...

Catalytic converters were introduced in the early 1980’s and have contributed significantly in limiting motor vehicle emissions. However, catalytic converters are sensitive to wear and their efficiency decreases with time and use. Therefore, in order to control vehicle emissions, many countries have instituted inspection and maintenance programs ai...

Mounting urban traffic congestion is currently one of the crippling problems facing Metro Manila and most major cities of the Asia-Pacific Region. This is caused by the inability of transportation infrastructure to meet the increasing travel demands from economic and social activities of the population in rapidly and chaotically expanding metropoli...

This paper was motivated by a challenging version of the vehicle routing problem with backhaul that is encountered in logistics and fleet management. In the situation studied, factories are distribution centres and markets are delivery points. Additionally, there are fixed, daily, pickup and delivery demands between any two factories, which turns i...

In recent times there has been increasing interest in modelling policies to limit impacts of air pollution due to motor vehicles. Impacts of air pollution on human health and comfort depend on the relationship between the distribution of pollutants and the spatial distribution of the urban population. As emissions, weather conditions and the locati...

In recent times there has been increasing interest in modelling policies to limit impacts of air pollution due to motor vehicles. However most models report efficiency in limiting emissions rather than effectiveness in limiting air pollution. Pollution concentration across a city is related to emissions via the mechanisms of the urban air shed. Imp...

Plain text flush left, no longer than 250 words, self-contained, and must not require reference to the paper to be understood. The primary objectives and scope of the study or the reasons for writing the paper should be stated; the techniques or approaches should be described only to the extent necessary for comprehension; and the findings and conc...

Bus operators today seek to identify community needs for bus services to find opportunities for growth via new services, increased patronage, and more efficient scheduling, as well as to rationalise inappropriate existing bus services. This needs to take into account both users response to current services, the potential market for alternative bus...

The importance of urban form in the quest for sustainable development has been recognised in a number of countries in recent years. However, there has been limited progress in bringing environmental planning into the sphere of urban systems planning. This situation can be largely attributed to the absence of advanced integrated land use– transport–...

SouthEast Queensland has developed a Regional Framework for Growth Management (RFGM) to produce a coordinated response from all sectors of government, community and private industry to the opportunities and challenges presented by one of the fastest growing metropolitan regions in Australia. Responsibility for the implementation of the priority act...

This article describes a possible approach in integrating models for urban planning and related disciplines. with a geographic infonnation system (GIS). The proposed approach, based on interprocess communication (IPC), is compared with two traditional methods of integrating models with a GIS or a mapping software. The aim of the exercise is to inte...

Recent research, such as in Wegener (1996), is revealing that quite radical policies may be required if the transport sector in most Western cities is to do its share in meeting the 2005 Greenhouse targets, to which most national governments have committed themselves. On the other hand, during recent years, planners have acquired their skills in im...