Leonith Hinojosa

• French National Institute for Agriculture, Food, and Environment (INRAE)

Alpine pastoral systems are examples of human-managed landscapes where farming practices are traditionally adapted to semi-natural forage resources. Climate change effects will likely drive farming management with relevant socioeconomic and environmental impacts on pastoral systems and mountain communities. However, pastoral systems are complex soc...

As centres of consumption, knowledge and services under some political and administrative control, cities are acknowledged as strategic food governance transition nodes. Increasing stakeholder coordination and participation , however, means identifying pathways for transformative change and accelerating uptake of innovative and participatory modes...

La situation de la planification en Tunisie est celle d’un pays qui a, à la fois, une forte tradition historique de planification nationale et qui a montré une grande capacité à évoluer dans ses modes d’organisation : d’institutions centralisées de type socialiste à des plans nationaux de développement libéraux, jusqu’à des processus post-révolutio...

Durabilité en zone de montagne alpine : un sujet complexe

In a contribution conducted in the French Southern Alps, Hinojosa et al. (2016) suggested that place attachment is relatively higher where it is difficult to live. We examine whether this figure holds in other environments bringing insight on a likely general tenet. A study using comparable survey data in two different ecosystems of Ecuador (the mo...

La investigación sobre aspectos ambientales y externalidades negativas de la actividad minera es escasa. En este trabajo estudiamos de manera exploratoria e interdisciplinaria: (i) las correlaciones entre cercanía a un Pasivo Ambiental Minero (PAM) e indicadores de salud y producción agropecuaria, con un enfoque de género; y (ii) la institucionalid...

Agricultural land abandonment and transformation of the rural mountain landscapes have been of widespread occurrence in the European mountains. Such changes have strongly affected agricultural land, particularly traditionally used grasslands, which are hotspots of biological and cultural diversity in Alpine countries. We investigated the land use/c...

This paper presents the results of research on the factors that influence drinking-water security and the relationship between this and the determinants of rural water-demand. Based on qualitative data collected in sub-tropical and Andean communities of canton Cotacachi, a region in the North–East part of Ecuador, it suggests that water insecurity...

Better aligning agriculture and environmental policies is an important issue for Mediterranean areas. Minimizing conflicts between the two sectors requires better understanding farmers’ concerns. Using survey data among a sample of livestock farmers in the French Mediterranean Alps, we examine the main constraints they are confronted with. While Fr...

A database on the area of the Mediterranean Sea to estimate the land systems and their relations with the evolution of spaces

In France, agricultural land abandonment constitutes a critical issue. Mountains, in particular, are reckoned to be particularly vulnerable to this phenomenon; therefore, several policy measures attempt to maintain agricultural activities in mountains. In addition to the role of targeted subsidies in reducing abandonment of mountainous areas, we co...

Land use change studies increasingly integrate geographic factors to explain uneven patterns of land abandonment. For mountain areas, biophysical factors, such as altitude, and economic factors, such as distance from core areas of economic and urban development, have been associated with agricultural land abandonment. These interpretations have led...

Growing trade in virtual water – the water used to produce exported products from agriculture and mining sectors – affects local communities and the environment, and transforms hydrosocial territories. National and international water regulations reshape communities’ hydrosocial territories by changing water governance structures to favour export c...

Framed by concepts of territorial project, social coalitions, and scalar relationships, we analyze rural territorial dynamics under conditions of rapid expansion in natural gas extraction. Analyzing recent economic, political, and territorial transformations of Bolivia's gas-rich region, Tarija, we argue that pre-existing territorial projects of a...

This chapter presents the contribution of “chakra,” a traditional agroforestry system, to climate change adaptation and biodiversity conservation in Ecuador’s Amazonian communities. IPCC’s methodology was used for the estimation of carbon sequestration in soil, biomass, and cacao plantations. Carbon levels in multiple systems of land use were measu...

Increasingly, research is moving towards more interdisciplinary endeavours. Effective collaboration between people from different disciplines is necessary to maximize the potential benefits of interdisciplinarity for future research activity. This paper analyses an approach to fostering the skills required for successful cross-disciplinary collabor...

Sustainable mining has become a paradigm that mobilizes companies, governments and community groups. The struggles between an expansive mining sector and a significant part of the rural population for access and control of land and water show that the association between large-scale mining and rural livelihoods faces a number of challenges. This pa...

This paper presents a method for assessing environmental change based on the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment approach and literature on ecosystem services and rural livelihoods. The method combines quantitative and qualitative data, namely GIS and stakeholders’ perceptions, respectively. We demonstrate the method by assessing recent environmental c...

At the time of writing1 it seemed that the different impacts and implications of the recent economic crisis - which occurred mostly in developed economies, but was spreading towards the developing world - would also affect mineral-rich developing countries (MDCs) by reducing both demand for and prices of minerals and metals. Yet, this effect is sti...

This article examines the paradox found in mineral-rich Andean countries where the sustained economic growth observed over the last decade has not provoked a corresponding decrease in poverty. The impact of the expansion of the extractive industries (mining and hydrocarbons) on these countries is addressed from the perspective of political economy,...

Commissioned by the European Commission, the Final Report for the EU-Canada Sustainability Impact Assessment (SIA) on the EU-Canada Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) provides a comprehensive assessment of the potential impacts of trade liberalisation under CETA. The analysis assesses the economic, social and environmental impacts in...

This document is the result of the Rural Territorial Dynamics Program, implemented by Rimisp in several Latin American countries in collaboration with numerous partners. The program has been supported by the International Development Research Center (IDRC, Canada). We authorize the non-for-profit partial or full reproduction and dissemination of th...

The expansion of extractive industries in developing countries, dominated by large investments, has produced divided opinion and reaction among scholars, policy makers and civil society with regard to its impact on host countries’ economic performance, governance and peace. Facing that division, the expectation is that the inflow of resources produ...

The last decade and a half has witnessed a dramatic growth in mining activity in many developing countries. This paper reviews these recent trends and describes the debates and conflicts they have triggered. We review evidence regarding debates on the resource curse and the possibility of an extraction-led pathway to development. We then describe t...

Campaigning and advocacy are fundamental strategies that the NGO sector now employ to tackle the adverse effects of the international capitalist system, which has affected impoverished groups of people and countries in the last 30 years, imposing unfair rules and practices. The strategies of campaigning and advocacy (in principle based on the stron...

Socio-environmental conflicts related to the expansion of extractive industries in Andean countries have spread considerably in the current decade. Following the implementation of neoliberal economic frameworks in Peru, Bolivia and Ecuador, transnational companies have increased their investments in the Mining and Hydrocarbon sectors of these count...

This paper will bring a political economy lens to a nalyze the paradoxical situation of Andean regions in countries experiencing growth, increasing expansion of extractive industries (mineral metals and fuels ) and recurrent poverty and/or inequality in contexts of increased integration into regional and global mark ets. It will present data that r...

This paper presents the methodological approach and background to the new Programme on Political Ecology and Rural Development in the Andes at the University of Manchester. It argues that to understand conflicts and d evelopment effects produced by the expansion of extractive industries, research requires a multidisciplinary approach cen tred on un...

This paper presents findings of ongoing research on rural territorial dynamics in Bolivia carried on in two research programs (Rimisp's RTD and the TCD-Andes program), which aim to understand the relationships between the expansion of extractive industries and the territorial dynamics observed in mineral-rich regions. Among the several effects that...