Leonid Zinin

• Professor at Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University

Представлены результаты численных экспериментов по расчетам пространственного распределения электронной концентрации и потенциала электрического поля, формирующихся в результате градиентно-дрейфовой неустойчивости в области развитых экваториальных плазменных пузырей. Особенностью экваториальных плазменных пузырей является наличие больших отношений...

The aim of this work is to investigate a three-dimensional second-order monotone finite-difference scheme for the transport equation. The investigation is conducted for model three-dimensional transport equations of an incompressible medium. The properties of the three-dimensional extension of the Z-scheme with nonlinear correction are studied in t...

The results of modeling the interaction of a multicomponent thermal cosmic plasma consisting of oxygen ions, hydrogen and electrons with a charged CubeSat 1U microsatellite are considered. For the simulation was used method of molecular dynamics. The characteristic features of the spatial distribution of hydrogen and oxygen ions are considered. Nea...

This article deals with a model of interaction between a positively charged microsatellite and thermal space plasma. The model is based on the method of molecular dynamics (MMD). The minimum possible number of particles necessary for modeling in the simplest geometric problem formulation for a microsatellite in the form of a sphere 10 cm in diamete...

Modeling of plasmasphere magnetic flux tube refilling by hydrodynamic TUBE-7 of ionosphere-magnetosphere dynamics model is presented Beginning conditions were calculated by modeling of polar wind characteristics open flux tube Almost empty in the beginning co-rotated flux tubes for L 3-6 were refilled for many days Calculated density profiles of re...

CDPDM is a semi-empiric model based on empiric convection boundary and hydrodynamic modeling of plasmasphere magnetic flux tube refilling. The results of radial density profile calculations and its comparisons with measurements are presented.

It is known that in the inner magnetosphere (55-65°) during substorm activity can exist very fast drift motions of plasma - Polarization Jet (PJ, or SAID). The existence of strong electric field like in PJ (the ExB drift velocity in the PJ band at ionospheric altitudes is ~1-5 km/sec) in the ionosphere leads to dramatic changes of thermal plasma. D...

Polarization Jet (PJ) is a narrow strip of fast westward plasma convection (1-5 km/sec at ionosphere altitudes) in the evening sector of the inner magnetosphere /ionosphere (often just inside the plasmapause location). PJ is associated with substorm particle injections, but its origin is still not fully explained. PJ phenomena is a strike example o...

An analysis of the ionospheric ion outflow at nightside of the polar cap measured on INTERBALL-2 by the HYPERBOLOID low energy mass-angle spectrometer is presented. The dependence of polar wind ions outflow on polar rain precipitations is presented. It was found that polar rain flux intensifications correlate with more intense O+ outflow.

Proceedings of Yuri Galperin's Memorial Conference, Boulder

A multi-ion hydrodynamic model of the magnetic field tube is described which includes in its full form H+, He+, N+, O+, N2+ NO+, NO2+ ions and electrons ("Tube-7"). The model can be used for simulation different time depended processes in the polar wind and plasmasphere. The model solves coupled equations of continuity, motion and thermal balance a...

The electric field around charged satellite strongly disturbs of space thermal ion and electron density distribution. The space distribution is especially complicated, when Debye length of plasma comparable with satellite dimension. For positively charged satellite there is “ion shadow” in the wake of satellite, were ion density is near zero. In th...

The results of measuring the fluxes of ionospheric ions in the nightside polar cap at an altitude of about 20 000 km are presented. The data are obtained with the HYPERBOLOID instrument onboard the INTERBALL-2 satellite. The passages without intense precipitation of magnetospheric ions and electrons have been selected using the ION instrument data,...

The electric field distribution around a charged satellite in a rarefied magnetospheric plasma influences greatly the densities and trajectories of particles measured by onboard instruments. The simulation of macroparameters of thermal plasma near the moving charged satellite, which is necessary for correction of experimental measurements, encounte...

Polarization Jet (PJ), also known as Sub-Auroral Ion Drift (SAID), events are supersonic westward plasma drifts on the equatorward edge of the diffuse aurora in the evening and nighttime sector. Their optical F-region signatures are weak 630.0 nm red arcs colocated with regions of fast convection. These weak arcs resemble Stable Auroral Red (SAR) a...

The Interball-2 spacecraft travels at altitudes extending up to 20 000 km, and becomes positively charged due to the low-plasma densities encountered and the photoemission on its sunlit surface. Therefore, a knowledge of the spacecraft potential Fs is required for correcting accurately thermal ion measurements on Interball-2. The determination of F...

The measurement of the thermal ion distributions in space is always strongly influenced by the ion motion through the complex 3D electrostatic potential structure built around a charged spacecraft. In this work, we study the related aberrations of the ion distribution detected on board, with special application to the case of the Hyperboloid instru...

For analyze and interpretation of many SC experiments the distribution of electric field near satellite is needed. The distribution of electric field near satellite is most important for thermal plasma measurements. So, the great positive potential of satellite can disturb distribution function of thermal ions and in some cases led to impossibility...

Influence of satellite positive charge on magnetospheric plasma measurements is well- known. On the whole this influence can be considered as an absolute value decreasing of ion measured fluxes. From the other side the importance of temperature anisotropy influence on measurements interpretation is not studied very well. The most compli- cated situ...

An analysis of the ionospheric ion outflow at nightside of the polar cap measured on INTERBALL-2 by the HYPERBOLOID low energy mass-angle spectrometer is presented. Detailed analysis of simultaneous measurements of higher energy electron and ion intensities was performed to choose the ion flow driven only by thermal en- ergy ionospheric plasma. The...

Based on a refined version of TUBE-7, the model of a geomagnetic plasma flux tube which includes electrons and seven ion species and takes their thermal balance into account, model calculations are performed in order to investigate the influence of nonsteady-state electron heating of the polar ionosphere when the cusp region is crossed by a flux tu...

A mathematical one-dimensional model is developed for calculating the concentration, temperature, and velocity of ions along a magnetic field tube from a height of 125 km to a height of several Earth's radii. The model allows the solution of a complete set of hydrodynamic equations for seven ion species (including molecular): O+, H+, He+, N+, O+2,...

The satellite INTERBALL-2 has an orbit with high inclination (62.8°), covering the altitude range between a few hundred and about 20000 km. The ambient plasma conditions along this orbit are highly variable, and the interactions of this plasma with the spacecraft body as well as the photo-electron sheath around it are considered to be interesting t...

Hyperboloid is a multi-directional mass spectrometer measuring ion distribution functions in the auroral and polar magnetosphere of the Earth in the thermal and suprathermal energy range. The instrument encompasses two analyzers containing a total of 26 entrance windows, and viewing in two almost mutually perpendicular half-planes. The nominal angu...

Goals, basic functions, and technical implementation of an instrument for active control of spacecraft electric potential by indium or nitrogen ion beams with energies of several keV are presented. Two types of ion emitters are used in the experiment. Emission current active control is employed in both by using onboard feedback to another instrumen...

Experimental data on the "polarization jet", which is a narrow band of supersonic westward convection in the disturbed subauroral nightside ionosphere, are mainly based on measurements made at ionospheric altitudes. Though model calculations allow one to evaluate the expected effects of the polarization jet at the outer plasmasphere altitudes, dire...

The study of the longitudinal movements of thermal ions in the upper ionosphere, which dictate their outflow into the magnetosphere, is important in the physics of ionosphere-magnetosphere interaction. The main mechanism for this transfer is the polar wind. Recent experimental data have confirmed the polar wind theory for light ions, and indicated...

Field-aligned velocities of thermal O(+) ions up to several hundred m/s were observed from the Aureole-3 satellite in the subauroral upper ionosphere. Downward fluxes were observed after local sunset in the F region, while upward fluxes were observed just after local sunrise due to electron temperature variations. Calculations with the nonstationar...

A three-dimensional time-dependent model of the thermal-plasma distribution in the inner magnetosphere in the LT nighttime sector is proposed which is based on the representation of the diffuse-precipitation boundary (DPB) as the boundary of large-scale magnetospheric convection, i.e, as an instantaneous plasmapause. Model calculations are compared...

A self-consistent model was used to account for the effect of electron heating (EH) on longitudinal velocities of O(+) ions in high-latitude geomagnetic flux tubes. An analysis of the height-time dependences of ion velocity and concentration shows that EH can lead to the transport of large fluxes of O(+) ions from the ionosphere to the magnetospher...

The altitude profile of the concentrations and velocities of thermal ions in a magnetic field tube passing convectively through the day-time polar cusp to the cap undergoes a considerable dynamic restructuring. With the intersection of the cusp for a few minutes, the plasma experiences a short term heating and additional ionization by low energy el...

Extremely low frequency waves generated by artificial modulation of the auroral electrojet were detected on the AUREOL-3 satellite. The emission is seen on the EH electric antenna at all the modulation frequencies (525, 825, 1125, 1425 Hz) except at 15 Hz where the level of the natural emissions is too high. The amplitude, which increases with the...

A nonstationary model of polar wind was constructed for the night-latitude ionosphere, consisting of ions O(+), H(+), O2(+) and NO(+). Calculations show that for an initial O(+) density altitude profile which sufficiently differs from a stationary profile, the O(+) ion velocities can reach 2 km/sec in the magnetosphere. The stationary O(+) altitude...

A nonstationary hydrodynamic model of thermal ion motion and density in the magnetospheric field tube shows that ion heating and ionization in the polar cusp strongly affect the field-aligned velocities of O(+) ions, while H(+) velocities reach equilibrium much faster and so are less sensitive to disturbances experienced by a tube during cusp cross...

A problem arising in the construction of a polar cap plasma model is determination of the average quasisteady picture of the electric field, convection and lingitudinal currents, which are determined by factors external to the magnetosphere such as the interplanetary magnetic field, velocity and pressure of the solar wind, level of solar UV radiati...

Consideration is given to an IMF-dependent model of the planetary distribution of field-aligned current, large-scale electric field, and plasma convection velocity. Parameters along the trajectories of the Cosmos-184 and Cosmos-484 satellites are calculated using this model, and the calculated results are compared with direct measurements of convec...