Leonardo Adrián Medrano

Universidad Empresarial Siglo 21 · Secretaría de Investigación

The prevalence of common mental disorders (CMDs) such as depression and anxiety disorders is increasing, with depression now the leading cause of disabilities globally, meaning that governments must take decisive actions to finance evidence-based support for these conditions. Psychological therapies, such as cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT), are...

Introduction. Mindfulness has been introduced in numerous healthcare programs and in work settings with promising results. Objective. To evaluate the impact of a mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) on workers’ attention-related cognitive errors (ARCEs) and to study the mediating role of mindfulness, worry, and rumination in decreasing ARCEs. Metho...

La vida universitaria es una etapa de cambios en la que los estudiantes deben adaptarse a las presiones académicas, enfrentando situaciones difíciles que llevan a estados emocionales negativos. Se ha observado que la Inteligencia Emocional Autopercibida (IEA) se relaciona con baja afectividad negativa (AN) y alta afectividad positiva (AP). Sin emba...

The PHQ-9 is a globally recognized and widely used tool for screening depression. Its importance lies in its ability to assess the DSM criteria for depressive disorders, allowing both diagnosis and assessment of the severity of the condition. However, despite its prevalence internationally, no comprehensive studies on its psychometric properties ha...

Introduction The aim of this study was to use cluster analysis based on the trajectory of five cognitive-emotional processes (worry, rumination, metacognition, cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression) over time to explore differences in clinical and performance variables in primary care patients with emotional symptoms. Methods We compare...

Transdiagnostic group cognitive behavioural therapy (TD-GCBT) is more effective in improving symptoms and severity of emotional disorders (EDs) than treatment as usual (TAU; usually pharmacological treatment). However, there is little research that has examined the effects of these treatments on specific symptoms. This study used Network Interventi...

Background: Despite the relevance of cognitive processes such as rumination, worry, negative metacognitive beliefs in emotional disorders, the existing literature about how these cognitive processes moderate the effect of treatment in treatment outcomes is limited. The aim of the present study was to explore the potential moderator effect of basel...

Emotional disorders (ED) such as anxiety, depression and somatization are extremely prevalent disorders that can affect an individual’s quality of life and functionality. Primary Health Care (PHC) is the first place to identify most patients with these conditions. Mental health services in the Dominican Republic, as well as in Latin America and the...

In primary care centers, emotional disorders (EDs; depression, anxiety, and somatoform disorders) frequently appear to be associated. However, there is no previous information on the key (bridge) symptoms that maintain comorbidity. The current study aimed to identify symptoms that may play a linking role in bridging comorbidity among EDs from a net...

Los trastornos de ansiedad y la depresión son altamente prevalentes en la sociedad actual. El ensayo clínico PsicAP demostró que añadir 7 sesiones de entrenamiento cognitivo-conductual en grupo con enfoque transdiagnóstico al tratamiento habitual de trastornos emocionales en pacientes adultos de atención primaria aumentó la eficacia y coste-efectiv...

Several randomised controlled trials (RCT) have demonstrated the superiority of transdiagnostic group cognitive-behavioural therapy (TD-CBT) to treatment as usual (TAU) for emotional disorders in primary care. To date, however, no RCTs have been conducted to compare TD-CBT to another active intervention in this setting. Our aim is to conduct a sing...

Background. Emotion Regulation (ER) involves any explicit or implicit process that may alter the emotion felt, its duration and expression, and is a transdiagnostic factor of vulnerability involved in the etiology and maintenance of different emotional disorders. The Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) assesses nine cognitive strategi...

Objetivo: adaptar y validar un instrumento para evaluar barreras a la adherencia antirretroviral en personas que conviven con el vih en Córdoba (Argentina). Materiales y métodos: la muestra final incluyó 180 participantes argentinos. La media de edad fue de 40.61 (de = 12.032) y el 82.8 % fueron hombres. Sobre la muestra (n = 180) se efectuaron est...

Background This study examines potential predictors of full recovery in emotional disorders —considering symptom plus functional outcomes at one-year follow-up—in a sample derived from a randomized controlled trial aimed to test the efficacy of adding transdiagnostic group cognitive-behavioural therapy (TD-GCBT) to treatment-as-usual (TAU) in prima...

In this chapter, we distill a large corpus of literature that Scott O. Lilienfeld produced with his colleagues on science vs. pseudoscience, distinguishing myths and misconceptions and fact and fiction in psychology, the virtues of evidence-based clinical practice, and adopting a scientific mindset and teaching scientific thinking skills in undergr...

During the coronavirus outbreak, it was noted that pre-existing psychological illnesses worsened, and numerous research indicate that those with contamination-related obsessions and cleaning compulsions (C-OCD) may be more affected. Virtual Reality (VR) and other immersive technologies have shown to be effective for the treatment of disorders relat...

Background: Mindfulness training has been introduced in numerous health care programs and also in work settings with promising results. One main point in intervention studies of mindfulness is the evaluation of the mechanisms of action that explains how and why mindfulness based interventions (MBIs) works. The present study aims to assess the media...

Frictions between work and family life have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, causing negative consequences on the mental health and quality of life of workers. Without validated instruments, it is not possible to determine the impact of Work-Family and Family-Work conflict. To date, no studies have been conducted to provide evidence of the v...

The role of academic satisfaction (AS) on persistence and successful academic behavior has been the focus of research for decades. Nevertheless, driven by positive educational psychology, subjective well-being has been highlighted as another central feature in the academic path of students. Studies aimed at identifying the variables that contribute...

Work stress is consistently linked with the deterioration of cognitive and mental health, limitations in everyday workplace performance, and an increased risk of developing diseases. A common thread binding these consequences appears to be stress-associated alterations in neuropsychological functions and affective domains, especially those reliant...

Although virtual reality (VR) usage has become widespread in the last decade, its adoption has been hampered by experiences of user discomfort known as cybersickness. The present study, in line with the “2020 cybersickness R&D agenda”, sought to provide a broad examination of the cybersickness phenomenon, assessing its pervasiveness, latent traject...

Introduction: Peer pressure is a main factor influencing risky driving behavior in young people. Most empirical studies have focused either on direct or indirect peer pressure, and comprehensive measures assessing both are currently lacking. The present study aimed at developing and validating a scale to examine the influence of different types of...

Background The COVID-19 disease has changed people’s work and income. While recent evidence has documented the adverse impact of these changes on mental health outcomes, most research is focused on frontline healthcare workers and the reported association between income loss and mental health comes from high-income countries. In this study we exami...

Although virtual reality (VR) usage has become widespread in the last decade, its adoption has been hampered by experiences of user discomfort known as cybersickness. The present study, in line with the "2020 cybersickness R&D agenda", sought to provide a broad examination of the cybersickness phenomenon, assessing its pervasiveness, latent traject...

The aim of this study was to examine the potential moderating effect of baseline emotion regulation skills—cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression—on the relationship between treatment allocation and treatment outcomes in primary care patients with emotional symptoms. A total of 631 participants completed scales to evaluate emotion regulat...

Background: Anxiety and depression are very prevalent in primary care, with high rates of chronic cases, comorbidity and lost quality of life, along with huge economic costs. The Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) project, launched in the United Kingdom in 2007, has become an international benchmark for the treatment of common ment...

Background: Emotional disorders are highly prevalent in primary care. Transdiagnostic cognitive behavior therapy (TD-CBT) is a promising treatment of emotional disorders. In this study, we evaluated several emotion regulation strategies as potential mediators of treatment outcomes in a clinical sample of primary care. Methods: A total of 1061 prima...

Anger manifestations, depression and anxiety are strongly related to individual´s discomfort and well-being. The aim of the present study is to investigate the fit of a bifactor model applied on emotional disposition meas- ures emphasizing the specification of a general factor through the identification of specific responses or in- dicators that c...

Aim of the study Anger manifestations, depression and anxiety are strongly related to individual´s discomfort and well-being. The aim of the present study is to investigate the fit of a bifactor model applied on emotional disposition measures emphasizing the specification of a general factor through the identification of specific responses or indic...

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo traducir e identificar las propiedades psicométricas del Behavioral Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (BERQ) en 315 universitarios de Lima, Perú, entre los 16 y 44 años (Medad = 21.31; DE edad = 3.39; 59.7 % hombres). Para la evaluación se aplicó el BERQ y el Inventario Multicultural de Depresión Estado R...

Background/Introduction Psychological and physical well-being of health personnel has been significantly affected by COVID-19. Work overload and continuous exposure to positive COVID-19 cases have caused them fatigue, stress, anxiety, insomnia and other detriments. This research aims: 1) to analyze whether the use of cognitive reevaluation and emot...

La COVID-19 impactó a la educación a nivel global y de varias maneras, al llevar con emergencia a la paralización de las actividades en casi la totalidad de las instituciones y, posteriormente, a su reinicio a través de la mediación tecnológica. En este marco, en Argentina el Consejo de Rectores de Universidades Privadas (CRUP) se propuso la creaci...

INTRODUCCIÓN. Una de las herramientas más utilizadas para la evaluación de la inteligencia emocional autopercibida (IEA) es el Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS). Sin embargo, existen escasos estudios que den cuenta de cómo funciona en estudiantes universitarios argentinos. Sumado a ello, recientemente se ha propuesto una revisión de la estructura factor...

Despite the considerable growth in mindfulness-based research in the field of psychosis, few attempts have been made to validate mindfulness instruments in this population. This study aimed to evaluate the factorial structure, internal consistency, construct validity, and longitudinal measurement invariance of the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale...

The urgent imperative to “move online”, caused by the recent Covid-19 pandemic, has led to an in-depth study of the psychological factors involved in designing successful online learning experiences. The social-cognitive model of academic satisfaction has been widely researched in conventional educational contexts in different countries. The purpos...

A common method to collect information in the behavioral and health sciences is the self-report. However, the validity of self-reports is frequently threatened by response biases, particularly those associated with inconsistent responses to positively and negatively worded items of the same dimension, known as wording effects. Modeling strategies b...

Objective: Anxiety symptoms are one of the most frequent manifestations in people attending primary care, although how the symptoms are associated is unclear. This study aimed to establish the symptom structure of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) using a novel network approach in combination with traditional analytical tools. Method...

The present study, based on a cross-sectional design, was conducted in the primary care setting in patients presenting somatic symptoms suggestive of somatoform disorders (SFD). The main aim was to determine whether cognitive variables could differentiate between patients with SFD alone and those who also present depressive symptoms suggestive of d...

Introduction The factor structure of the Positive and Negative Affective Schedule (PANAS) is still a topic of debate. There are several reasons why using Exploratory Graph Analysis (EGA) for scale validation is advantageous and can help understand and resolve conflicting results in the factor analytic literature. Objective The main objective of th...

The difficulty in studying the relationship between stress and emotional regulation is due to the need to contemplate a dynamic perspective that analyzes the moderating role of stress. In fact, stress involves different phases or stages, and the neurocognitive processes involved in emotion regulation differ significantly between these phases. The p...

Fear to contamination is an easy-to-provoke, intense, hard-to-control, and extraordinarily persistent fear. A worsening of preexisting psychiatric disorders was observed during the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) outbreak, and several studies suggest that those with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) may be more affected than any other group o...

Objective Transdiagnostic group cognitive behavior therapy (TD-GCBT) has shown to be efficacious in the treatment of emotional disorders in primary care. However, little is known about possible moderators or predictors of treatment outcome. We aimed to explore the potential predictors and moderators of outcome in a large multicentre randomized cont...

The aim of this study was to examine the sociodemographic and clinical differences between people with a probable diagnosis of panic disorder (PD) and those with PD and a probable comorbid diagnosis major depressive disorder (PD + MDD). We also sought to explore the potential contribution of cognitive variables to help differentiate between PD and...

The factor structure of the Positive and Negative Affective Scale (PANAS) is still a topic of debate. There are several reasons why using Exploratory Graph Analysis (EGA) for scale validation is advantageous and can help understand and resolve conflicting results in the factor-analytic literature. The main objective of the present study was to adva...

The scientific and educational community is becoming increasingly aware of the impact of current academic working conditions on graduate students’ mental health and how this is affecting scientific progress and ultimately society as a whole. Our study aimed to shed light on the work-related mental health issues affecting graduate students, providin...

Background Emotional disorders are highly prevalent in primary care. We aimed to determine whether a transdiagnostic psychological therapy plus treatment-as-usual (TAU) is more efficacious than TAU alone in primary care adult patients. Methods A randomized, two-arm, single-blind clinical trial was conducted in 22 primary care centres in Spain. A t...

Objective: Numerous research studies have demonstrated an association between higher symptom severity and cognitive impairment with poorer social functioning in first-episode psychosis (FEP). By contrast, the influence of subjective experiences, such as social relatedness and self-beliefs, has received less attention. Consequently, a cohesive unde...

Cognitive processes such as negative thoughts are important modulators of the pain experience. The Inventory of Negative Thoughts in Response to Pain (INTRP) is a tool that allows evaluating negative automatic thoughts associated with the painful experience. The present work focuses on the validation of the INTRP in the Argentine population. Severa...

Resumen Introducción y objetivos La ansiedad es la reacción emocional más estudiada, que nos pone en alerta ante la posibilidad de obtener un resultado negativo, por lo que resulta adaptativa en la gran mayoría de las ocasiones, aunque también está en la base de los trastornos emocionales más prevalentes. Por ello, su evaluación ha generado mucha...

Propiedades psicométricas del Inventario de Situaciones y Respuestas de Ansiedad Breve (ISRA-B). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anyes.2020.07.004 Resumen. La ansiedad es la reacción emocional más estudiada, que nos pone en alerta ante la posibilidad de obtener un resultado negativo, por lo que resulta adaptativa en la gran mayoría de las ocasiones, aun...

Researchers have often debated whether burnout and work engagement are truly different concepts, or whether they are opposite poles of the same construct and therfore redundant. Recent perspectives postulate that they are both real and redundant. In this paper we examine these three competing views using a bifactor modelling approach. A sample of 1...

Background/Introduction. Psychological and physical well-being of health personnel has been significantly affected by COVID-19. Work overload and continuous exposure to positive COVID-19 cases have caused them fatigue, stress, anxiety, insomnia and other detriments. This research aims: 1) to analyze whether the use of cognitive reevaluation and emo...

Desde hace dos siglos la ciencia y el humanismo han demostrado que el progreso humano no es una utopía. Poco a poco aprendimos a utilizar el conocimiento para promover el florecimiento y bienestar humano. Hemos logrado aumentar la esperanza de vida, la seguridad, generar sociedades más justas y equitativas, transformar la forma en la que trabajamos...

The Multidimensional Driving Style Inventory (MDSI) is the most comprehensive measure of typical driving behavior to date and has been frequently used to compare driving styles across different groups of drivers, particularly between gender- and age-related groups. However, the factor structure of MDSI has not been clearly established and its measu...

Upon exposure to chronic stressors, how do individuals move from being in a healthy state to a burnout? Strikingly in literature, this has prevailed a categorical view rather than a dimensional one, thus the underlying process that explains the transition from one state to another remains unclear. The aims of the present study are (a) to examine in...

Cognitive emotion regulation strategies have been proposed as an explanation for transdiagnostic vulnerability to emotional disorders, which are highly prevalent in the primary care setting. The use of brief psychological instruments to detect cognitive- emotional factors—such as worry, rumination, interpretative and attentional distortions, and me...

Recently, Hughes and Evans (2018) have published an extensive review of variables linked to the concept of emotional intelligence (EI). The authors propose an integrative theoretical model that contemplates the following main variables: (a) ability EI; (b) affect-related personality traits; and (c) emotional regulation. Although we agree with the a...

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly prevalent in the Spanish primary care (PC) setting and the leading cause of disability in Spain. The aim of this study was to evaluate several key psychometric properties of the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) in patients with or without MDD and varying degrees of symptom severity using the Pati...

Resumen: Las Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (ECV) son unas de las principales causas de mortalidad a nivel mundial. Diversos estudios han propuesto que los factores psicológicos explican la morbilidad y mortalidad de las ECV tanto a nivel primario como secundario. La presente investigación tuvo como principal objetivo verificar los niveles de depres...

The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Recovery Experience Questionnaire in Argentina. Five-hundred and five workers from public, private and non-governmental sectors participated in the study. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the four-factor model has an acceptable fit to the data. Thus, as the original sca...

UNSTRUCTURED “Exposure therapy is highly effective to treat cleaning obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, traditional techniques, such as in vivo or imaginal exposure, show important limits that make the adherence to the treatment and/or the correct emotional activation difficult. Virtual Reality (VR) is a potential alternative to overcome...

Self-regulated learning (SRL) has gained increasing interest in educational research. Although SRL models agree on the dynamic interplay between forethought, performance and self-reflection processes, they differ in the sub-processes implied at each phase. The main objectives of this study were to develop and test a SRL model by integrating main co...

En la literatura científica se encuentra un gran número de controversias y resultados dispares a la hora de explicar la relación entre la hipertensión arterial y algunas variables vinculadas a la afectividad negativa, como la depresión, la ansiedad y la ira. Teniendo esto en cuenta, en la presente investigación se planteó como objetivo principal an...

Research on the relationship between hypertension and variables linked to negative affectivity has given rise to divergent findings and differing interpretations. The main objective of this paper was therefore to shed light on the issue by analyzing measures of depression, anxiety and anger in adults suffering from hypertension (HTN). Based on a ca...

El objetivo del presente estudio fue obtener evidencias de validez para el uso del Cognitive Emotional Regulation Questionarie (CERQ) en universitarios limeños. Se administró la escala a 345 estudiantes (hombres = 26.4%; mujeres = 73.6%) de edad promedio 23.17 años. Se evaluó por medio de análisis factorial confirmatorio el modelo original de nueve...