Leonardo Lopes Bhering

Federal University of Viçosa | UFV · Departamento de Biologia Geral

Selecting parents and crosses is a critical step for a successful breeding program. The ability to design crosses with high means that will maintain genetic variation in the population is the goal for long‐term applications. Herein, we describe a new computational package for mate allocation in a breeding program. SimpleMating is a flexible and ope...

In soybean breeding programs, a great deal of time is devoted to the use of methods that perform selection of individual plants during the initial generations. Our hypothesis is that BLUPIS (simulated individual BLUP) can be efficient when applied in the initial stages of soybean breeding programs. This study aimed to explore the potential of BLUPI...

Building models that allow phenotypic evaluation of complex agronomic traits in crops of global economic interest, such as grain yield (GY) in soybean and maize, is essential for improving the efficiency of breeding programs. In this sense, understanding the relationships between agronomic variables and those obtained by high-throughput phenotyping...

The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of direct and indirect selection in genome-wide selection (GWS) and to compare multivariate strategies applied to GWS via selection indices. Ten F2 populations with 800 individuals were simulated, considering four traits with different heritabilities. The simulated data were subjected to gen...

The prediction of traits allows the breeder to guide strategies to select and accelerate the progress of genetic improvement. The objective of this work was to determine the best prediction approach and establish a network with better predictive power for white oat using methodologies based on artificial intelligence, and machine learning. Seventy-...

The objective of this work was to evaluate how heritability and the number of quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling the trait can influence the prediction of genetic value by genomic selection methods. A prediction equation was established to estimate genetic correlation based on phenotypic correlation, using an F2 population with 1,000 individ...

The objective of this work was to compare the use of noninformative and informative priors in Bayesian models, as well as to evaluate the viability of including informative priors in the estimation of variance components and genetic values in soybean breeding programs. The used phenotypic data refer to the evaluation of 80 soybean genotypes in ten...

Understanding the genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI) and considering it in the selection process is a sine qua non condition for the expansion of Brazilian eucalyptus silviculture. This study’s objective is to select high-performance and stable eucalyptus clones based on a novel selection index that considers the Factor Analytic Selection To...

Species within the genus Corymbia are regarded as potential alternatives to Eucalyptus. In addition to having superior wood quality, Corymbia spp. are tolerant to most pests, diseases, and abiotic stresses that affecting Eucalyptus plantations, including physiological disorders, water deficit, and wind damage. However, environmental stresses stimul...

Genomic selection and doubled haploids hold significant potential to enhance genetic gains and shorten breeding cycles across various crops. Here, we utilized stochastic simulations to investigate the best strategies for optimize a sweet corn breeding program. We assessed the effects of incorporating varying proportions of old and new parents into...

Selecting parents and crosses is a critical step for a successful breeding program. The ability to design crosses with high means that will maintain genetic variation in the population is the goal for long-term applications. Herein, we describe a new computational package for mate allocation in a breeding program. SimpleMating is a flexible and ope...

Sweet corn breeding programs, like field corn, focus on the development of elite inbred lines to produce commercial hybrids. For this reason, genomic selection models can help the in silico prediction of hybrid crosses from the elite lines, which is hypothesized to improve the test cross scheme, leading to higher genetic gain in a breeding program....

Species within the genus Corymbia are regarded as potential alternatives to Eucalyptus. In addition to having superior wood quality, Corymbia spp. are tolerant to most pests, diseases, and abiotic stresses that affecting Eucalyptus plantations, including physiological disorders, water deficit, and wind damage. However, environmental stresses stimul...

present study aimed to determine the effects of different light restriction levels (shading levels) on soybean genetic parameters using a Bayesian multi-trait model (MTM) and select high-yielding soybean cultivars. Eighteen commercial soybean cultivars bred in a soybean breeding program were evaluated over two agricultural seasons. Three shading le...

Probabilistic models enhance breeding, especially for the Tahiti acid lime, a fruit essential to fresh markets and industry. These models identify superior and persistent individuals using probability theory, providing a measure of uncertainty that can aid the recommendation. The objective of our study was to evaluate the use of a Bayesian probabil...

Objectives to assess the predictive performance of different artificial intelligence algorithms to estimate bed bath execution time in critically ill patients. Methods a methodological study, which used artificial intelligence algorithms to predict bed bath time in critically ill patients. The results of multiple regression models, multilayer perc...

Objectives to assess the predictive performance of different artificial intelligence algorithms to estimate bed bath execution time in critically ill patients. Methods a methodological study, which used artificial intelligence algorithms to predict bed bath time in critically ill patients. The results of multiple regression models, multilayer perc...

This study aims to identify more relevant predictors traits, considering different prediction approaches in soybean under different shading levels in the field, using methodologies based on artificial intelligence and machine learning. The experiments were carried out under different shading levels in a greenhouse and in the field, using sixteen cu...

The selection of parents to originate promising base populations, as well as the knowledge of the gene effects controlling agronomic traits by means of diallel, are useful to drive genetic gains in Brazilian tropical wheat breeding programs. The goals of this study were to select tropical wheat parents with a high frequency of favorable alleles and...

New technologies have been developed over the last few years aiming to support breeding pipeline optimization for long‐term genetic gains. However, the implementation of these new tools and their impact on any breeding program's budget are not well studied. Here, we compare multiple breeding pipeline strategies accounting for genomic selection and...

Obtaining soybean genotypes that combine better nutrient uptake, higher oil and protein levels in the grains, and high grain yield is one of the major challenges for current breeding programs. To avoid the development of unpromising populations, selecting parents for crossbreeding is a crucial step in the breeding pipeline. Therefore, our objective...

Multi-trait multi-environment (MTME) models were fitted to eucalyptus breeding trials data to assess residual variance structure, genetic stability and adaptability. To do so, 215 eucalyptus clones were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with 30 replicates and one plant per plot in four environments. At 36 months of age, tree diameter...

Dieback is a physiological disorder that has caused losses on eucalyptus plantations. Thinking that water stress is one of the triggers for the physiological disorder and aiming at the early identification of tolerant genotypes, we evaluated plantlets of four commercial clones with divergent behavior in field conditions. The plantlets were grown in...

Maintaining the past decades current genetic gains for tree species is a challenging task for foresters and tree breeders due to biotic and abiotic factors. Planting a mixture of genotypes or clonal composites can be an alternative to increase the phytosanitary security and yield of forest plantations. These clonal composites are more complex than...

Jatropha curcas has become a prominent source of biofuel, especially because of the high oil content in its fruit. The aim of this study was to test different statistic models and compare the best-fitted model with the compound symmetry model and study the grain yield persistence of J. curcas progenies. A total of 730 individuals from 73 half-sib f...

Genotype‐by‐environment interaction (GEI) is a major concern in tropical maize breeding. Here, we used factor analytic mixed models (FAMM) to study GEI in a tropical maize dataset. Our goal was to select high‐performance and stable hybrids using factor analytic selection tools (FAST) derived from FAMM outputs. Because the dataset comprised two diff...

The objective of this work was to estimate the genetic parameters and to evaluate the genotypic diversity of 12 'Tahiti' acid lime (Citrus latifolia) genotypes grafted onto two rootstocks. The experiment was carried out from July 2017 to January 2019, in the municipality of São Mateus, in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Vegetative (stem diamet...

The optimization of perennial plant breeding necessarily involves the evaluation of multi-harvest and/or multi-site trials. In these situations, modeling covariance structures can elevate accuracy. This study aimed to evaluate different covariance structures for multi-harvest and multi-site trial analyses, using two datasets (D1 and D2). In D1, 25...

The study of traits in crops enables breeders to guide strategies for selecting and accelerating the progress of genetic breeding. Although the simultaneous evaluation of characteristics in the plant breeding programme provides large quantities of information, identifying which phenotypic characteristic is the most important is a challenge facing b...

An accurate and efficient statistical method for repeated measures analysis and selection of scion/rootstock combinations (SRC) is a fundamental prerequisite for genetic progress in ‘Tahiti’ acid lime breeding. Thus, this work aimed: (i) to evaluate the applicability and efficiency of random regression models in the analysis of repeated measures an...

Popcorn is a food highly appreciated throughout the world, generating billions of dollars annually just in the North American market alone. Even in the face of the historical superiority of American hybrids, which occupy almost 100% of the grain production fields in Brazil, our researchers have been working to develop cultivars that combine importa...

The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic variability and associations of yield traits of pigeon pea, for indication of this crop for the breeding program in Mozambique. Eleven pigeon pea traits were evaluated in a experimental design with three randomized complete blocks, in the environments of Namapa (I) and Montepuez (II), in 2017/2...

Forest plantations are strong allies in preserving natural resources, providing social and economic benefits. The plantations carried out in the coming years will be vital to meet the growing demand for forest products. To ensure the continuity of genetic progress and the good results achieved with the improvement of forest species, statistical met...

The objective of this work was to estimate the best approach for prediction and establish a network with better predictive power in white oat using methodologies based on regression, artificial intelligence, and machine learning. Seventy-eight white oat genotypes were evaluated in 2008 and 2009. Were evaluated without and with fungicide, establishe...

Genotype × environment (GE) interaction can difficult soybean breeding programs to achieve the aim of more productive cultivars. Environment stratification is a way to circumvent this problem. However, multiyear data studies are difficult to work with, because they are, usually, unbalanced. GGE Biplot is an efficient method to find mega-environment...

An accurate and efficient statistical method for genetic evaluation is a key requirement for progress in any breeding program. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the performance of Frequentist and Bayesian inferences for repeated measures analysis in Jatropha curcas breeding. To this end, 730 individuals from 73 half-sib families were evalua...

The burning of fossil fuels contributes to global warming. Using renewable energy sources such as elephant grass biomass mitigates anthropogenic impact on nature. The genetic selection of high-yield elephant grass genotypes is important to increase the use of this forage for energy generation. Unmanned aerial vehicles have been used for data collec...

In cotton crops, the cotton seed yield significantly contributes with the success of any cultivar. However, other traits are considered when an ideotype is pointed out in the selection, such as the fiber quality traits. The aim of this study was to applied genotype by yield*trait (GYT) biplot to a multi-environment trial data of cotton genotypes an...

Clustering techniques are widely adopted in genetic variability assessments. Aiming to understand the genotypes contrasting and complementarity, breeders have used those methodologies to guide them through crosses recommendation or heterotic group’s formation. In multi-environment trials (MET) studies, the clustering analyses are under influence of...

Understanding the genetic diversity and overcoming genotype-by-environment interaction issues is an essential step in breeding programs that aims to improve the performance of desirable traits. This study estimated genetic diversity and applied genotype + genotype-by-environment (GGE) biplot analyses in cotton genotypes. Twelve genotypes were evalu...

Canola is a product of traditional plant breeding techniques to remove from rapeseed the antinutritional components erucic acid. This crop proves to be a promising crop due to the diverse purposes of its oil, especially by its potential for biofuel production. This paper aimed to integrate the information available in the literature and report the...

Although the fruit yield has a core importance in Tahiti acid lime breeding programs, other traits stand out among the quality fruit and vegetative traits as ones that still need to be improved in selection of superior genotypes. Appling efficient tools aiming selection, such as the Bayesian inference, becomes an alternative in perennial crops. Thi...

Genotype x enviroment (GE) interaction can difficult soybean breeding programs to atieve the aim of obtain more productive cultivars. Enviroment stratification is a way to circunvent this problem. This work aimed to gather GGE Biplot graphs of a network of trials unbalance multiyear soybean via matrices of coincidence and networks of enviroment to...

Spatial trends represent an obstacle to genetic evaluation in maize breeding. Spatial analyses can correct spatial trends, which allow for an increase in selective accuracy. The objective of this study was to compare the spatial (SPA) and non-spatial (NSPA) models in diallel multi-environment trial analyses in maize breeding. The trials consisted o...

Tree breeders are prioritizing the increase of the interspecific diversity in the breeding programs due to the pronounced environmental changes, and expansion of the forest frontier to less productive areas. In this scenario, there is a growing interest for species of the genus Corymbia due to their good growth, resistance to biotic and abiotic fac...

As espécies do gênero Corymbia e seus híbridos apresentam alto crescimento e alta densidade da madeira, resistência a doenças e à maioria das pragas e doenças que causam danos às fl orestas de eucalipto. Contudo, a maioria dos genótipos apresenta exsudação de kino. A seleção de genótipos com menor exsudação de kino é uma alternativa viável, porém,...

Fruit breeding programs demand substantial investment for the development and selection of superior geno�types. Thus, statistical methods that allow a reliable genetic evaluation should be preferred. The present study aimed to estimate genetic parameters and genotypic values through the Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm and perform the selection o...

The present study aimed to evaluate the applicability and efficiency of the FAI-BLUP index in the genetic selection of maize hybrids, using 84 maize hybrids that were evaluated for cycle, morphology, and yield traits in four environments. Models accounting for homogeneous and heterogeneous residual variances were tested, and variance components wer...

In multi-environment trials (MET), large networks are assessed for results improvement. However, genotype by environment interaction plays an important role in the selection of the most adaptable and stable genotypes in MET framework. In this study, we tested different residual variances and measure the selection gain of cotton genotypes accounting...

Grain sorghum production has expanded during the off-season when rainfall oscillates and becomes insufficient. Aiming to obtain better adapted cultivars, breeding programs have sought new combinations of hybrids with earliness, high grain yield, and ideal plant height for harvesting. This study aimed to estimate de combining ability of grain sorghu...

Multi-trait best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) is, generally, the most appropriate method to genetic evaluation because it considers the genetic and residual correlations among traits and conduct to higher selection accuracy. Thus, the present study aimed to identify traits correlated to the fiber length via path analysis under multi-trait BLUP...

Combining longitudinal data and statistical models from perennial crops enabled us to estimate the optimum number of measures (harvests), implying accurate discrimination of superior genotypes in those crops. Herein, the goal of this study was to determine the optimum number of harvests based on yield traits and recommend a superior graft/rootstock...

Genome-wide selection (GWS) has been becoming an essential tool in the genetic breeding of long-life species, as it increases the gain per time unit. This study had a hypothesis that GWS is a tool that can decrease the breeding cycle in Jatropha. Our objective was to compare GWS with phenotypic selection in terms of accuracy and efficiency over thr...

Most studies on genomic selection in plant breeding compare different statistical methods of univariate approach. However, multi-trait methodologies should be considered since they allow the simultaneous selection of superior genotypes in several economic traits. Here, the aims were to compare the selection accuracy and efficiency of the multivaria...

For elephant grass breeding for bioenergy purposes, selection should be based on repeated harvests to maximize the selection efficiency. Selecting genotypes with high total dry biomass, associated with high adaptability and stability, is extremely important. Thus, the objective of this study was to estimate the minimum number of harvests required f...

The genotype × environment (G×E) interaction plays an essential role in phenotypic expression and can lead to difficulties in genotype recommendation. Thus, the objectives of this study were: i) propose the Multi-Environment Index Based on Factor Analysis and Ideotype-Design/Markov Chain Monte Carlo (FAI/ MCMC index), and ii) apply it for soybean g...

Multiple-trait model tends to be the best alternative for the analysis of repeated measures, since they consider the genetic and residual correlations between measures and improve the selective accuracy. Thus, the objective of this study was to propose a multiple-trait Bayesian model for repeated measures analysis in Jatropha curcas breeding for bi...

This study assessed the efficiency of Genomic selection (GS) or genome‐wide selection (GWS), based on Regularized Quantile Regression (RQR), in the selection of genotypes to breed autogamous plant populations with oligogenic traits. To this end, simulated data of an F2 population were used, with traits with different heritability levels (0.10, 0.20...

This book deals with a set of analyzes that can help the student / researcher to analyze the data of their academic and professional research. With theory and application, in a small and didactic example. Along with this presented step by step, it is shown how to proceed with the analysis of the same example in the Rbio software, so that the user i...