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Publications (96)
Background
Men are up to four times more likely to die by suicide than women. At the same time, men are less likely to disclose suicidal ideation and transition more rapidly from ideation to attempt. Recently, socialized gender norms and particularly conformity to masculine norms (CMN) have been discussed as driving factors for men’s increased risk...
Introduction
Suicide risk assessment based on self-report questionnaires is considered as problematic because risk states are dynamic and at-risk individuals may conceal suicidal intentions for several reasons. Therefore, recent research efforts increasingly focus on implicit risk markers such as the suicide attentional bias (SAB) measured with the...
Introduction
Men have an increased risk to die by suicide compared to women but are underrepresented in suicide research. To improve individual risk prediction for suicide‐related thoughts and behaviors (STBs), risk factors are increasingly being studied at an individual level. The possible affect‐regulatory function of suicidal ideation has hardly...
Administration mode of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) may influence responses. We assessed if Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale – Depression subscale (HADS-D) item responses and scores were associated with administration mode. We compared (1) self...
Introduction
Findings on the role of suicide ambivalence, an individual's wish to live (WL), and wish to die (WD) in the development of suicidality have been heterogenous. The main goal of this study was to examine associations of these constructs within the past week with sociodemographic factors and to longitudinally investigate their predictive...
The Cognitive Model of Suicide proposes a suicide attentional bias in individuals with suicidal thoughts and behavior (STBs). The Suicide Stroop Task (SST) was developed as a behavioral measure to assess this attentional bias. However, prior studies demonstrated poor psychometric properties of the SST.
Methods
We developed a modified Suicide Stroo...
Background: Men are up to four times more likely to die by suicide than women. At the same time, men are less likely to disclose suicidal ideation and transition more rapidly from ideation to attempt. Recently, socialized gender norms such as traditional masculinity ideologies (TMI) have been discussed as driving factor for men's increased risk for...
Introduction
Depression as well as suicidal ideation and behaviours share several precipitating and maintaining factors and are subject to the influence of overlapping constructs. One of these transdiagnostic constructs is rumination. For the treatment of rumination, a variety of interventions are already available. However, not everyone with a nee...
Introduction
Identifying various interacting risk factors for suicidality is important to develop preventive measures. The Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicidal Behavior (IPTS) postulates suicidal ideation resulting from the occurrence of Perceived Burdensomeness (PB) and Thwarted Belongingness (TB). Suicidal behavior ultimately occurs if...
Zusammenfassung
Ziel Der stärkste Prädiktor für einen Suizidversuch ist ein vorangegangener Suizidversuch. Personen, die aufgrund von suizidalem Erleben und Verhalten stationär aufgenommen wurden, haben nach Entlassung aus stationärer Behandlung ein erhöhtes Risiko durch einen Suizid zu versterben. Es wird untersucht, inwieweit ambulante Behandlung...
Within the ideation-to-action framework, existing theories of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) primarily focus on the linear progression of suicide risk. This, however, neglects growing evidence that many suicidal individuals do not experience their suicide attempt as a planned action, and in some instances deny even having experienced any su...
Objectives
To further validate the concept of suicidal subtypes distinguished by indicators of suicidal thinking and behavior with regard to clinical characteristics and past and future suicide attempts.
Methods
Psychiatric inpatients were assessed (study 1: ecological momentary assessments in 74 depressed inpatients with suicidal ideation; study...
Previous research provided preliminary support of a potential reinforcing effect of suicidal ideation demonstrating reduced negative affect and increased positive affect after thinking about suicide. The present study therefore sought to investigate the role of mood and affect as a proximal risk factor of suicidal ideation in a high‐risk sample. Se...
Background
Sleep disturbances are an underestimated risk factor for suicidal ideation and behavior. Previous research provided preliminary support of a temporal relationship between sleep disturbances and suicidal ideation. The present study therefore sought to investigate the prospective association between sleep disturbances, passive and active s...
Recent studies suggest that impulsivity fluctuates over time. It is unclear if state-impulsivity serves as a risk factor of suicidal ideation (SI) at a state level. A sample of 74 psychiatric inpatients with depression (M = 37.6 years, 72% female) and SI completed baseline measurements and an ecological momentary assessment over a 6-day period. Des...
Assessment of implicit self-associations with death, measured by a death Implicit Association Test (IAT), has shown promise for the prediction of suicide risk. The present study examined whether the performance on the death IAT is associated with lifetime, recent, or future suicide attempt status as well as self-report measures of suicide risk fact...
The Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ) assesses Thwarted Belongingness (TB) and Perceived Burdensomeness (PB), two predictors of suicidal thoughts. Up to now, the use of item response theory (IRT) for the evaluation of the INQ has been restricted to a single study with clinically depressed and suicidal youth. Therefore, the psychometric proper...
(1) Background: The role of thwarted belongingness (TB) in predicting suicidal ideation, as originally assumed by the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide, is repeatedly challenged by empirical findings. This could be due to an inadequate conceptualization of the construct of TB that is assumed to be influenced by intrapersonal and interpersonal factors...
(1) Background. Defeat and entrapment have been highlighted as major risk factors of suicidal ideation and behavior. Nevertheless, little is known about their short-term variability and their longitudinal association in real-time. Therefore, this study aims to investigate whether defeat and entrapment change over time and whether defeat predicts en...
Vergleicht man den Kenntnisstand zum therapeutischen Umgang mit suizidalen Patienten mit dem zu anderen Störungsbereichen, wird ein erheblicher Nachholbedarf deutlich. Gleichwohl hat es in den vergangenen Jahren eine sehr positive Entwicklung gegeben, die sowohl die psychologische Theoriebildung als auch die Entwicklung von Behandlungsansätzen betr...
Background: The elevated risk of suicide in veterinarians is still not well understood, but euthanasia distress and increased fearlessness about death (FAD) have been discussed as specific risk factors. Aims: We investigated German veterinarians to test whether FAD is increased compared with the general population, whether FAD is associated with eu...
Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Dimensionalität, Reliabilität und konvergente Validität der deutschsprachigen Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSS) sollen erstmalig in einer klinischen Stichprobe untersucht warden.
Methodik 308 stationäre Patienten nach Suizidversuch/mit akuter Suizidalität wurden rekrutiert (53,6% weiblich); 224 füllten die volls...
Background
Higher rates of depression, suicidal ideation and suicide risk have been reported for veterinarians in various studies worldwide. This study investigates whether this is also true for German veterinarians.
Methods
A total of 3.118 veterinarians (78.8 per cent female, mean age 41.3 years) between 22 and 69 years were included and compare...
Objective:
Depression symptom questionnaires are not for diagnostic classification. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scores ≥ 10 are nonetheless often used to estimate depression prevalence. We compared PHQ-9 ≥ 10 prevalence to Structured Clinical Interview for DSM (SCID) major depression prevalence and assessed whether an alternative PHQ-9...
Background:
The present study aimed to validate the German version of the Short Defeat and Entrapment Scale (SDES).
Methods:
Validity and reliability were established in an online (N = 480), an outpatient (N = 277) and an inpatient sample (N = 296). Statistical analyses included confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) and group differences in defeat...
Background:
Although the relationship of trait impulsivity and suicidal behavior is well established, its relationship with suicidal ideation and its fluctuation still remains unclear. Our aim is to examine (1) the relationship of trait impulsivity and suicidal ideation and behavior in the context of the Interpersonal Psychological Theory of Suici...
•EMA data were analyzed using network analysis (e.g., temporal networks).•Suicidal ideation at t was predicted by itself and perceived burdensomeness at t - 1.•Suicidal ideation at t - 1 predicted perceived burdensomeness, depression etc. at t.•At the same beep, suicidal ideation was related to all variables in the network.•Patients with higher ave...
Real-time monitoring using mobile phones within the field of suicide prevention can help better understand the dynamics of suicidal ideation, even from hour to hour By applying a class of novel methodological techniques called network analysis to ecological momentary assessment data, we quantified and visualized a temporal, a contemporaneous within...
Real-time monitoring using mobile phones within the field of suicide prevention can help better understand the dynamics of suicidal ideation, even from hour to hour By applying a class of novel methodological techniques called network analysis to ecological momentary assessment data, we quantified and visualized a temporal, a contemporaneous within...
Objective
The study examines the temporal stability of capability for suicide (i.e., its state‐like component), because it has been recently discussed that capability for suicide may be subject to shift over time.
Method
Seventy‐four psychiatric inpatients with an unipolar depressive disorder were included in the study (mean age 37.9 years, 71.6%...
Objective:
To extend evidence on the short-term variability of passive and active suicidal ideation (SI) and the association with suggested proximal risk factors such as interpersonal variables (perceived burdensomeness [PB], thwarted belongingness [TB], hopelessness, and depression) in real-time.
Methods:
This is an observational study using a...
The present study aimed at evaluating the psychometric properties of German Suicide Cognitions Scale (SCS-18/SCS-9) in two clinical samples. Validity and reliability were established in an outpatient- (n = 277) and in an inpatient sample (n = 75). Statistical analyses included confirmatory factor analyses, correlation analyses, between-group compar...
Background: Several studies provide evidence for a relationship between childhood abuse and suicidality across the lifespan. To examine this association in the context of the Interpersonal Psychological Theory of Suicide (IPTS), we investigated whether its constructs thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness and capability for suicide are po...
Suicidal ideation is a major risk factor for suicidal behavior and has recently been shown to be fluctuating in studies applying ecological momentary assessments (EMAs). The aims of this study are to introduce a reliable and valid item set for assessing suicidal ideation and relevant proximal risk factors that can be used in future EMA studies with...
The present study aimed to extend the knowledge regarding dimensionality, socio-demographic correlates and shifts in age stereotypes over the past 15 years using a time-sequential design. In 1996 and 2011, we assessed age stereotypes in two independent samples of the German population aged ≥ 45 years (N = 970 in sample 1, N = 1545 in sample 2). Thr...
Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Zur ökonomischen Erfassung suizidaler Erlebens- und Verhaltensweisen findet der Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire – Revised (SBQ-R) von Osman und Kollegen breiten Einsatz. Dieser Fragebogen umfasst 4 Items, die verschiedene Facetten von Suizidalität erfassen und weist einige Einschränkungen auf. So sind die 4 Items nicht gl...
Background:
Although the fluctuating nature of suicidal ideation (SI) has been described previously, longitudinal studies investigating the dynamics of SI are scarce.
Aim:
To demonstrate the fluctuation of SI across 6 days and up to 60 measurement points using smartphone-based ecological momentary assessments (EMA).
Method:
Twenty inpatients w...
Nock, Park, Finn, et al. 1 developed an implicit association test for suicide (suicide IAT) measuring the implicit association between 'death' and 'self'. They demonstrated that psychiatric patients, who already attempted suicide, showed stronger implicit associations with 'death' than with 'life' compared to patients without suicide attempt histor...
Objective:
To evaluate the main prediction of the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide (IPTS): 3-way-interaction of perceived burdensomeness (PB), thwarted belongingness (TB), and acquired capability (AC) for the prediction of suicidal behavior in a representative population sample.
Method:
A total of 2513 participants completed measures of suicidal...
Purpose:
The Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ) assesses the two interpersonal constructs perceived burdensomeness (PB) and thwarted belongingness (TB) that lead to suicidal ideation, according to the interpersonal theory of suicide (IPTS). The present study investigates dimensionality and psychometric properties of the German version of the...
The aim of the present study was the validation of the Acquired Capability for Suicide Scale-Fearlessness about Death (ACSS-FAD) in a large population sample to further establish its reliability and validity, and to provide norm values. We assessed the ACSS-FAD, measures of depression, history of suicidal behavior, and anxiety in a representative s...
Context:
Hopelessness is a clinically important construct in patients with advanced illness.
Objectives:
To evaluate the dimensionality, stability and validity of the Beck Hopelessness Scale in cancer patients receiving either curative or palliative treatment.
Methods:
Following a longitudinal design, we assessed a sample of cancer patients re...
To extend knowledge about measurement equivalence of depression measures assessed by tablet and paper-pencil administration, the present study evaluated the effect of mode of administration (MoA) on scale and item level for the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Aachen Depression Item Bank (ADIB) in elderly patients.
Primary care patients...
Hintergrund: In der psychosomatischen und psychotherapeutischen Versorgung und Forschung finden psychodiagnostische Instrumente Verwendung im Rahmen von Indikationsstellung, Behandlungsplanung, Verlaufsbeurteilung und -monitoring sowie Qualitätssicherung und Ergebnismessung. Bei der Auswahl dieser Instrumente sollten sowohl deren psychometrische Qu...
Ambulatory assessment studies may provide important insights in the etiology of suicidal behaviors, because suicidal behaviors and their risk factors fluctuate over time.The review aims at (1) evaluating the current state of research and (2) summarizing main findings in this field. Reviewed studies (N = 4) were heterogeneous. Up to 74 % of particip...
Ziel der Studie: Die deutsche Acquired Capability for Suicide Scale – Fearlessness about Death (ACSS-FAD) wird psychometrisch und hinsichtlich der Konstruktvalidität analysiert.
Methodik: In einer Studierendenstichprobe (n = 268) wurde die Faktorstruktur konfirmatorisch untersucht und die diskriminante und konvergente Validität untersucht.
Ergebn...
Abstract Based upon observations indicating decreasing attractiveness of groups within and outside the clinical field, the present study aimed to determine attitudes toward, and expectations of, groups in a representative sample of 2512 German citizens. The survey also included questions specifically related to group psychotherapy and its acceptanc...
People’s perception of risk and its influencing factors has become an important element of research in past decades. The present paper investigated the influence of emergency experiences on risk perception and the impact of experience and gender on the accuracy of risk perception. A representative sample of the German population was subdivided into...
Objective: Self-report data is increasingly gathered by electronic devices. The present study aimed at testing usability and patient acceptance of two administration modes (tablet vs. paper-pencil) in primary care patients ≥ 60 years. Material and methods: Two depression instruments were administered using a randomized crossover design (n = 193). R...
Objective: Self-report data is increasingly gathered by electronic devices. The present study aimed at testing usability and patient acceptance of two administration modes (tablet vs. paper-pencil) in primary care patients _ 60 years. Material and methods: Two depression instruments were administered using a randomized crossover design (n = 193). R...
Importance
Somatic symptoms are the core features of many medical diseases, and they are used to evaluate the severity and course of illness. The 8-item Somatic Symptom Scale (SSS-8) was recently developed as a brief, patient-reported outcome measure of somatic symptom burden, but its reliability, validity, and usefulness have not yet been tested....
Schlüsselwörter ● ▶ Narzissmus ● ▶ NPI-15 ● ▶ Dimensionalität ● ▶ repräsentative Bevölke-rungsstichprobe Keywords ● ▶ narcissism ● ▶ NPI-15 ● ▶ dimensionality ● ▶ representative sample gibt es keinen Konsens darüber, ob normaler und pathologischer Narzissmus die Enden eines Kon-tinuums bilden oder vielmehr 2 distinkte Eigen-schaften darstellen [ 2...
Previous work suggests a four-factor structure of the Modern Health Worries Scale. This study is the first to investigate its dimensionality and factorial invariance across age and sex in a representative population sample (N = 2524) using confirmatory factor analysis. The proposed four-factor model failed to achieve good model fit. Model fit was o...
The Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI) is a commonly used measure of narcissism. This study administered a 15 item short version of the NPI (NPI-15). Central aims of the present study were to examine its dimensionality, and to provide data on its psychometric properties. NPI-15 and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D) were assessed...
Nachdenken über das Wohnen im Alter Einflussfaktoren auf wohnbezogene Zukunftspläne und Wohnpräferenzen in einer repräsentativen Stichprobe ab 45-Jähriger L. Spangenberg mit European Journal of Geriatrics
Behavioral addictions are probably as old as humanity itself and sexual addiction might be the oldest. Access to huge databases and fast communication via internet has facilitated virtual sexual behavior, since watching movies, going shopping or talking to another person without leaving the house is now the rule rather than the exception. According...
The family is an important resource in elderly care. It is of great interest if persons who might be in need of care in the future would use this resource. Our study assessed wishes and expectations regarding family care in a representative sample of the general population (≥ 45 years, N = 1,445) using questionnaires. Logistic regressions were perf...
Familiäre Ressourcen sind für die Versorgung älterer Pflegebedürftiger von hoher Relevanz. Daher interessiert, wie potenziell Pflegebedürftige diese später nutzen wollen. Eine repräsentative Stichprobe der Allgemeinbevölkerung (≥ 45 Jahre, N = 1445) wurde zu Betreuungswünschen bei späterem Pflegebedarf und über ihre Erwartungen zur Nutzung familiär...
BACKGROUND:
Providing care and support for the elderly is a future challenge.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Using regression analysis, a representative population-based sample (n = 1,445) was examined with respect to whether they had considered future housing and which variables influenced their thoughts and preferences.
RESULTS:
The majority of the sam...
Hintergrund
Die Versorgung älterer Menschen mit Unterstützungs- und Pflegebedarf muss gewährleistet werden.
Material und Methoden
In einer repräsentativen Stichprobe ab 45-Jähriger (n= 1445) wurde regressionsanalytisch untersucht, ob und wie die Personen sich mit ihrer Wohnsituation im Alter gedanklich auseinandersetzen und welche Einflüsse es auf...
Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund: Psychologen haben aufgrund wenig planbarer Berufsverlaufe vielfaltige Qualifizierungswunsche, so zum Teil auch den Wunsch Promotion und Psychotherapieausbildung parallel zu absolvieren. Fragestellung: Unterscheiden sich Promovierende von den Nichtpromovierenden in der Wahl des Ausbildungsablaufes und welche soziodemogr...
This is the first study to estimate the prevalence of adjustment disorder (AjD) in the general population. A new conceptualisation of AjD as a stress response syndrome was applied, which allowed AjD to be assessed directly from its symptom profile, including intrusive, avoidance and failure-to-adapt symptoms (Maercker et al., Psychopathology 40:135...
Identifying depression in the general population – A comparison of PHQ-9, PHQ-8 and PHQ-2 Objective: To examine the comparability of depression as defined by PHQ-9, PHQ-8 and PHQ-2 in the German general population. Methods: The PHQ-9 was assessed in a representative sample (N = 2524). Depression diagnosis and depression severity as measured either...
To examine the comparability of depression as defined by PHQ-9, PHQ-8 and PHQ-2 in the German general population.
The PHQ-9 was assessed in a representative sample (N = 2524). Depression diagnosis and depression severity as measured either by PHQ-9, PHQ-8 or PHQ-2 were compared.
PHQ-8 and PHQ-9 performed comparably in identifying depressive persons...