Lemlem Beza Demisse

• Doctor of Philosophy
• Professor (Assis) at Addis Ababa University

Background Evidence-based practice use refers to the integration of current, reliable, and relevant evidence into healthcare decision-making. This includes findings from studies, professional experiences, and updated guidelines aimed at minimizing biases and enhancing clinical decisions based on comprehensive research. Objective This study aimed t...

Introduction:During disasters and emergencies, hospitals are pivotal in response efforts, particularly through the early discharge of inpatients who can be safely released to free up capacity. Reverse triage helps hospitals efficiently allocate resources and prioritize patient care based on medical necessity. Objective: This study investigates the...

Background Optimizing the performance level of nursing staff is crucial for the efficient functioning of hospitals and better patient health outcomes. However, published data on the job performance levels and associated factors of nurses in Ethiopia is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the job performance and associated factors of nurs...

Background Mechanical ventilation is a supportive treatment for patients who are unable to maintain adequate oxygenation and/or removal of carbon dioxide. One of the most common indications of admission to the intensive care unit is the need for the ventilator support. Patients admitted to intensive care units who need mechanical ventilation had be...

Background: Evidence-base practice needs to be supported by guidelines and decision-making protocols. This study aimed to look into the barriers and facilitators of adherence to national protocols in Ethiopia. Methods: Exploratory qualitative method was implemented to explore adherence to protocol. The national COVID-19 case management guideline...

The majority of populations in developing countries are living in areas of no access or limited access to prehospital emergency medical services (EMS). In Addis Ababa, the reported prehospital EMS utilization were ranging from zero to thirty-eight percent. However, there is limited research on reasons for the low utilization of prehospital resource...

BACKGROUND: The availability of emergency care contributes to half of the total mortality burden in a low and middle income countries. The significant proportion of emergency departments in LMICs are understaffed and poorly equipped. The purpose of this study is to examine the status of emergency units and to describe the facilitators and barri...

Background Severally ill COVID-19 patients may require urgent transport to a specialized facility for advanced care. Prehospital transport is inherently risky; the patient’s health may deteriorate, and potentially fatal situations may arise. Hence, early detection of clinically worsening patients in a prehospital setting may enable selecting the be...

Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) morbidity and mortality are rising in low- and middle-income countries, including Ethiopia. The shift in health-care resources from communicable diseases to chronic conditions has created formidable health-care challenges. Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the knowledge, attitudes and...

Background: Severally ill COVID- 19 patients may require urgent transport to a specialized facility for advanced care. Prehospital transport is inherently risky; the patient's health may deteriorate, and potentially fatal situations may arise. Hence, early detection of clinically worsening patients in a prehospital setting may enable in selecting t...

Background Despite improvement, sepsis mortality rates remain high, with an estimated 11 million sepsis-related deaths globally in 2017 (Rudd et. al, Lancet 395:200-211, 2020). Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are estimated to account for 85% of global sepsis mortality; however, evidence for improved sepsis mortality in LMICs is lacking. We...

Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a life-threatening condition. The mortality rate will be reduced if immediate treatment is provided. Patients' awareness of ACS is limited, so they do not seek help as quite often as they should. The level of treatment seeking behavior and associated factors among ACS patients admitted to three hospital...

Tracheal masses are rare in occurrence, but could lead to complications depending on the speed of growth, duration and degree of obstruction. Some of the complications are recurrent pneumonia and air trapping resulting in increased intrathoracic pressure. The latter phenomenon can result in obstruction of the venous return and pneumothorax. We are...

Background. Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) morbidity and mortality is increasing in low to middle income countries (LMICs) such as Ethiopia. The shift in resources from managing communicable diseases to chronic conditions have brought about formidable health care challenges. Objective. the objective of this study was to examine the knowledge, attitu...

Background COVID-19 patients may require emergency medical services for emergent treatment and/or transport to a hospital for further treatment. However, it is common for the patients to experience adverse events during transport, even the shortest transport may cause life-threatening conditions. Most of the studies that have been done on prehospit...

Background In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Ethiopian Ministry of Health has established ambulances and dispatch centers specifically designed to transport COVID-19 patients to city medical centers. Due to a lack of evidence in this area, it is critical to assess the factors that influence the willingness to call for emergency medical serv...

Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) morbidity and mortality is increasing in low to middle-income countries (LMICs) such as Ethiopia. The shift in resources from managing communicable diseases to chronic conditions has brought about formidable health challenges. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the knowledge, attitudes, belie...

Introduction: Although morbidity and mortality rates are declining for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in most high-income countries, it is rising at an alarming pace for low to middle-income countries (LMICs), largely due to pre-hospital treatment delays. Purpose: This systematic review was conducted to determine the mean length of time from symptom...

Although morbidity and mortality rates are declining for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in most high-income countries, it is rising at an alarming pace for low to middle income countries (LMICs). A major factor that is contributing to the poor clinical outcomes among LMICs is largely due to prehospital treatment delays. This systematic review was co...

In 2015, Ethiopia's first PhD in nursing program was established in collaboration between the Addis Ababa University (AAU) and Emory University Schools of Nursing. Eleven students have entered the program since its inception, six have successfully defended their proposals, one has graduated, and two have received Fogarty Global Health Fellowships....

Background: Human trafficking is a global human rights violation that has profound health, economic, and social impacts. There has been little investigation of service needs and response options for human trafficking survivors in Ethiopia. The purpose of this study was to understand the potential service needs and response options for human traffi...

Background: Standard precautions are infection control techniques against pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans. Objective: This study aims to assess knowledge and practice of standard precautions against blood borne pathogens among doctors and nurses in adult emergency room, Addis Ababa, Ethio...

Introduction The African Federation for Emergency Medicine Trauma Data Project (AFEM-TDP) has created a protocol for trauma data collection in resource-limited settings using a clinical chart with embedded standardized data points that facilitates a systematic approach to injured patients. We performed a process evaluation of the protocol’s impleme...

Background Globally, about 1.25 million people die annually from road trafficcollisions. Evidence from global safety report shows a decreasing trend of road traffic injury indeveloped countries while there is an increasing trend in many developing countriesincluding Ethiopia. This study is aimed at assessing factors affecting injury severity levels...

Background: Globally the incidences of disaster phenomenon become increasing. The occurrence of disastrous events will cause massive loss of life, physical injuries, as well as social and economic damages. During disaster events, hospitals play key roles by provisions of essential emergency care to the community. Studies regarding hospital disaster...

Study/Objective We aimed to identify factors impacting the appropriate use of oxygen by nurses within this setting, with a goal to improve delivery of this therapy. Background Oxygen (O 2 ) should be considered a drug as it is prescribed to prevent or treat hypoxemia. The concentration of oxygen prescribed aims to bring oxygen saturation (SpO 2 )...

Study/Objective The objectives of this project were improving attendants flow to reduce emergency unit crowding from the baseline Patient:Attendant ratio 1:6 to 1:1 for patients within a six-month period at Black Lion Hospital’s Emergency Unit. Background Emergency department overcrowding is a circumstance in which demand for service surpasses the...