Laurent Torregrosa

Institut Agro · Montpellier Biology & Ecology

By revealing that the grape berry loses one H ⁺ per accumulated sucrose at the inception of ripening, adopting a single fruit paradigm elucidates the fundamentals of the malate-sugar nexus, previously obscured by asynchrony in population-based models of ripening. More broadly, the development of the individual fruit was revisited from scratch to ca...

Citation: Shi, M.; Savoi, S.; Sarah, G.; Soriano, A.; Weber, A.; Torregrosa, L.; Romieu, C. Vitis rotundifolia Genes Introgressed with RUN1 and RPV1: Poor Recombination and Impact on V. vinifera Berry Transcriptome. Plants 2024, 13, 2095. https://doi. Abstract: Thanks to several Vitis vinifera backcrosses with an initial V. vinifera L. × V. rotundi...

Asynchronous development of berries causes metabolic chimerism in usual samples. We thus revisited the developmental changes in the metabolome of the Vitis vinifera single berries from anthesis to over-ripening. A dataset of 9,256 ions obtained by non-targeted ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry was...

Screening for drought performance among novel fungi-tolerant grapevine genotypes is a key point to consider in semiarid regions where water scarcity is a common problem during fruit ripening period. It is therefore important to evaluate the genotypes’ responses at the level of carbon metabolism and water demand, under water deficit conditions. This...

Adopting disease-tolerant grapevines is an efficient option to implement a smarter management strategy limiting the environmental impacts linked to pesticide use. However, little is known on their production of fruit metabolites regarding expected future climate fluctuations, such as increased water shortage. Moreover, previous studies about how wa...

Anthocyanins are the primary color components of grapevine berries and wines. In cultivation practices, a moderate water deficit can promote anthocyanin accumulation in red grape skins. Our previous study showed that abscisic acid (ABA) plays a key role in this process. Herein, we identified a microRNA, vv-miR156b, that is generated in grapevine be...

The grapevine is one of the most widely grown perennial crops worldwide. As for other species displaying clusters of small fruits, the development of single berries within a bunch is asynchronous and heterogeneous. Because of this, the study of water and solute accumulation kinetics and balance at the organ level cannot be directly extrapolated fro...

Extreme events associated with climate change increasingly threaten agriculture. Experimenting on a grapevine diversity panel suddenly exposed to a record heatwave in South France, we observed varietal responses ranging from complete tolerance to severe burning. We uncovered a handful of genomic regions associated with extreme heat tolerance, showi...

Introduction Global warming is a major threat to yield sustainability in most crops, including grapevine. Whether or not grapevine fruitfulness is impaired by an imbalance between carbon supply and demand caused by high temperatures was investigated in the present study. Methods Five experiments were conducted on Microvine , a natural mutant of gr...

Most present knowledge on berry development has been obtained from a random sampling of hundreds of berries to average their diversity of the experimental plot. According to recent studies, such heterogeneous samples formed from non-synchronized berries of mixed developmental stages are unsuitable for detecting fast physiological and molecular chan...

The effect of water deficit on grapevine fruit ripening has most often been addressed under the assumption that individual berries behave identically to their blend in the future harvest, both kinetically and metabolically. However, mixing unsynchronized berries, whose water and sucrose import pathways critically change according to their own devel...

Abstract: Context and purpose of the study The strategy of single berry phenotyping is a recently rediscovered research tool that has gained great attention. The latest studies have indicated that previous physiological models based on pooling asynchronous populations of berries provided biased or blurred information on berry development key player...

Today’s viticulture faces the double challenge of reducing chemical input while adapting plant material to future climate conditions. Adopting fungus disease-tolerant varieties appears to be a long-term solution as long as they are performant under abiotic constraints, such as drought. This study aimed to study the effects of water deficit (WD) and...

The use of new disease-resistant grapevine varieties is a long-term but promising solution to reduce chemical inputs in viticulture. However, little is known about water deficit effects on these varieties, notably regarding berry composition. The aim of this study was to characterize the primary metabolites and thiol precursors levels of 6 fungi-re...

In grape production, the selection of varieties well-adapted to climate fluctuations, especially warming, is based on achieving a balance between fruit sugars and acidity. In recent decades, temperature has been constantly rising during ripening causing excessive sugar concentrations and insufficient acidity in wine grapes in the warmest regions. T...

For grape production, an important driver for the selection of varieties better adapted to climate fluctuations, especially warming, is the balance between fruit sugars and acidity. Since the past decades, temperature during ripening has constantly raised causing excessive sugars concentrations and insufficient acidity of the wine grapes in warmest...

Plant genetic sex determinants that mediate the transition to dioecy are predicted to be diverse, as this type of mating system independently evolved multiple times in angiosperms. Wild Vitis species are dioecious with individuals producing morphologically distinct female or male flowers; whereas, modern domesticated Vitis vinifera cultivars form h...

Transcriptomic changes at the cessation of sugar accumulation in the pericarp of Vitis vinifera were addressed on single berries re-synchronised according to their individual growth patterns. The net rates of water, sugars and K + accumulation inferred from individual growth and solute concentration confirmed that these inflows stopped simultaneous...

Conversely to many other woody perennial crops, the Vitis vinifera grapevine does not display self-supporting and limited-in-space aerial architectures, but rather develops extended shoot systems relying on external mechanical supports. This behavior results from both structural factors, i.e. stem anatomy, bud and phytomer organisation, and also sp...

En busca de una viticultura sostenible: el agua ozonizada La vid (Vitis vinifera L.) es un cultivo altamente susceptible a un gran número de enfermeda-des, entre las que destacan las fúngicas. En las últimas décadas, las enfermedades de la made-ra de la vid, que están causadas por una gran diversidad de hongos, se han convertido en las más destruct...

The quality of wine grapes depends on the balance between primary and secondary metabolites. Unlike many perennial crops that accumulate starch in the fruits before ripening, the non-climacteric grapes ripe with no previous carbon reserves. Based on the assumption that fruit carbon sink is limiting metabolite accumulation in grapes, bunch thinning...

Ozonated water has become an innovative, environmentally friendly tool for controlling the development of fungal diseases in the vineyard or during grape postharvest conservation. However, little information is currently available on the effects of ozonated water sprayings on the grapevine physiology and metabolism. Using the microvine model, we st...

Ozonated water has become an innovative, environmentally friendly tool for controlling the development of fungal diseases in the vineyard or during grape postharvest conservation. However, little information is currently available on the effects of ozonated water sprayings on the grapevine physiology. Using the microvine model, we studied the trans...

Après une période juvénile de 2 ou 3 ans, un plant de vigne un cep ne produit ensuite qu’une à deux inflorescences par cycle de croissance. Découverte il y a 20 ans, la microvigne présente une phase juvénile raccourcie à quelques mois et la capacité de fructification continue. Après avoir décrit, les caractéristiques biologiques de ce modèle, l’art...

Transcriptomic changes at the cessation of sugar accumulation in the pericarp of Vitis vinifera were addressed on single berries re-synchronized according to their individual growth patterns. The net rates of water, sugars and K+ accumulation inferred from individual growth and solute concentration confirmed that these inflows stopped simultaneousl...

Despite their low concentrations, secondary metabolites are essential to the organoleptic quality of grapevine fruit. Anthocyanins of the fruit skin cells are the principal components of the pigmentation of the red grape. Glycosylated aroma precursors (GAPs), i.e. alcohols, C13-norisoprenoids, phenols and terpenes determine the aroma potential of t...

The quality of wine grapes depends on the balance between primary and secondary metabolites. Unlike many perennial crops that accumulate starch in the fruits before ripening, the non-climacteric grapes ripe with no previous carbon reserves. Based on the assumption that fruit carbon sink is limiting metabolite accumulation in grapes, bunch thinning...

Background: Most approaches to grape physiology accept that the berry and the future harvest should display identical developmental features, which obviously requires synchronised fruits. Aims: Rejecting this assumption compels to revisit the kinetic and metabolic bases of berry ripening. Methods and Results: Two to three thousand berries were indi...

The selection of grapevine varieties is considered to be the smartest strategy for adapting the viticulture to climate warming. Present knowledge of the diversity of grape solutes known to be influenced by temperature is too limited to perform genetic improvement strategies. This study aimed to characterize the diversity for major cations (K⁺, Mg²⁺...

Bud necrosis (BN) is a common disorder that affects Vitis vinifera L. and reduces its potential yield. To minimize the losses caused by BN, the double pruning management was applied in Brazilian Southeast vineyards. In this management strategy plants are pruned at the winter to promote a vegetative cycle and then, at summer, to promote the reproduc...

Le Traité de la vigne propose une étude détaillée de l’état des connaissances scientifiques sur la biologie de la vigne. Pédagogique et richement illustré, il rassemble théorie et pratique au service d’une nouvelle vision de la viticulture. La remière partie traite du fonctionnement de la vigne à partir du concept fondamental de « triptyque biologi...

Depuis quelques années, on assiste à une augmentation importante de la mécanisation de la plantation de vigne, aussi bien pour la mise en place de vignes mères de porte-greffes ou de greffons que pour l’établissement de vignes à fruits. Ces changements de pratiques, qui supplantent la plantation manuelle, sont permis par l’évolution du parcellaire...

Le Traité de la vigne propose une étude détaillée de l’état des connaissances scientifiques sur la biologie de la vigne. Pédagogique et richement illustré, il rassemble théorie et pratique au service d’une nouvelle vision de la viticulture. La remière partie traite du fonctionnement de la vigne à partir du concept fondamental de « triptyque biologi...

Aim: In this study, ripening and heterogeneity in density-sorted berries were investigated, with the aim of more clearly understanding the kinetics of water uptake and sugar, acid and anthocyanin accumulation in the fruit of a new, disease-resistant hybrid. Methods and results: The 3184-1-9N hybrid, grown in a semi-arid climate in the South of Fran...

Are the varieties tolerant to fungal diseases a solution for a sustainable organic viticulture? Laurent Torregrosa1*, Hernan Ojeda2 1AGAP, University of Montpellier-CIRAD-INRA-Montpellier SupAgro, France 2Unité Expérimentale de Pech Rouge, University of Montpellier-INRA, France *Corresponding author email: laurent.torregrosa@supagro.fr The grapev...

The change of wine grape harvest from wet season (summer) to dry season (winter) by changing the pruning management has improved quality of wines produced in the Brazilian Southeast. However, the vines need to be spur pruned twice a year, i.e. with a 1 st pruning in August (winter pruning) for a vegetative cycle during the hot and wet summer, and a...

As the climate changes, genetic adaptation of crops to abiotic stresses is an increasingly important issue, especially for a perennial crops of high economic value such as grapevine. Given the numerous environments where this plant can be found, and the huge intra- and interspecific diversity, we can assume that grapevine genomes contain many aile...

Aim: The success of inflorescence primordia initiation and differentiation within latent buds (i.e. bud fruitfulness) is a critical issue for grapevine yield sustainability under climate change. The aim of the present study was to track the timing and rate of inflorescence development in latent buds along the cane and to quantify their responses to...

Purpose-In the long term, genetic improvement to select varieties better coping with temperature elevation appear as a good option to support sustainable viticulture. The purpose of this study was to study the phenotypic diversity available in Vitis vinifera for grape primary metabolites and main determinants of the must acidity.

Context and challenges: Like most other perennial crops, the grapevine needs to undergo a juvenile period before fruiting. Thus, the development of reproductive organs from seedlings is possible only after the second or third vegetative cycle. Each proleptic axis then displays only one to three inflorescences per growing cycle. These biological fea...

Water is a limiting factors in dry or semi-arid regions. Water shortage hampers both vegetative and reproductive developments. INRA is running programs to breed varieties carrying QTL of tolerance to powdery and downy mildews. Some varieties have been already certified or are close to be certified. However, little is known about the response of the...

Context of the review: The manipulation of the genetic basis controlling grapevine adaptation and phenotypic plasticity can be performed either by classical genetics or biotechnologies. In the last 15 years, considerable knowledge has accumulated about the grapevine genome as well as the mechanisms involved in the interaction of the vine with the e...

The microvine is a grapevine somatic variant. The Vvgai1 mutation results in a miniaturization of the vegetative organs of the plant keeping fruit size intact and a systematic conversion of tendrils into inflorescences. The physiological characterization of the vegetative and reproductive development of the microvine makes it possible to infer kine...

Résumé. L’impact marqué des changements climatiques sur le développement de la vigne et des raisins (phénologie, teneurs en sucres...) est une des manifestations de l’importance des interactions Génotype x Environnement x Pratiques culturales en viticulture. Certaines pratiques culturales, comme l'irrigation, peuvent atténuer les contraintes climat...

Abstract - The manipulation of the genetic basis controlling grapevine adaptation and phenotypic plasticity can be performed either by classical genetics or biotechnologies. In the last 15 years, considerable knowledge has accumulated about the grapevine genome as well as the mechanisms involved in the interaction of the vine with the environment,...

Aroma compounds are secondary metabolites that play a key role in grape quality for enological purposes. Terpenes, C13‐norisoprenoids, phenols, and non‐terpenic alcohols are the most important aroma compounds in grapes and they can be found as free volatiles or glycoconjugated (bound) molecules. The non‐volatile glycosylated group is the largest, a...

Previous field-grown experiments were carried out to study the effect of guaiacol spraying on the accumulation of aromatic compounds in grapevine fruits and their wines. It was shown that such treatments increase guaiacol glycoconjugates in leaves, shoots and fruits of Monastrell variety (Vitis vinifera), where there was a release of aglycone compo...

Aroma compounds are secondary metabolites that play a key role in grape quality for enological purpose. Terpenes, C13‐norisoprenoids, phenols and non‐terpenic alcohols are the most important aroma compounds in grapes and can be found as free volatile or glycoconjugated (bound) molecules. The non‐volatile glycosylated group is the largest one, and i...

Exhaustive analysis of single berries allowed us to quantify the precise stoichiometry of sugar accumulation and malic acid breakdown in ripening berries, resulting in a 1H+/sucrose exchange at the beggining of ripening. Then sugar laoding continued without malic acid breakdown. First respiration measurements on attached berries led us to conclude...

Adaptation to abiotic stresses is a complex and challenging biological issue for a genetician, especially for perennial plants such as grapevine. According to Copper and Hammer (1996), adaptation is both a “status” and a “process”. The “status” characterizes a genotype with a specific combination of alleles which allows the plant to survive and per...

The cover image, by Rosario Sánchez‐Gómez et al., is based on the Research Article The Microvine, a plant model to study the effect of vine‐shoot extract on the accumulation of glycosylated aroma precursors in grapes , DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8802 . image

The wine industry is facing critical issues due to climate changes since production is established on very tight Genotype × Environment interaction bases. While, some cultivation practices may reduce adverse effects of abiotic stresses on the vines, e.g., the use of irrigation to mitigate drought, the deleterious impacts of warming on fruit develop...

Taking into account the major economical role and specificities of the French wine industry, adaptation to climate change is a very challenging issue. In 2011, 23 research teams launched a systemic and multidisciplinary program to analyze the impacts from the vine to the region, to define adaptation strategies combining technical, spatial and organ...

Background: Microvine plant model displays an unique reproductive organ behaviors and is suitable for grapevine fruit physiological studies: allow to undertake studies until 5 times more rapidly than the current situation with grapevines. Recently, vine-shoot aqueous extracts, which have an interesting phenolic and aroma composition, have been pro...

Introduction La quasi-totalité des plants cultivés en France appartiennent à l’espèce V. vinifera. 259 variétés (ou cépages) de vigne sont iinscrites au catalogue français, dont 115 en blanc, mais une quinzaine de ces variétés représente 85 % de l’encépagement (http://www.vin-vigne.com/cepage/). Aujourd’hui la France, pays agricole, où la viticultu...

Hydraulic conductance and water transport in plants may be affected by environmental factors, which in turn regulate leaf gas exchange, plant growth and yield. In this study, we assessed the combined effects of radiation and water regimes on leaf stomatal conductance (gs), petiole specific hydraulic conductivity (Kpetiole) and anatomy (vessel numbe...

p class="Abstract" style="text-align: justify;"> Aim: In the long term, genetic improvement is one of the major strategies to support sustainable wine production in a changing climate. Over the past 5 years, we have developed an interdisciplinary research program that aimed to: i) characterize the impact of temperature increase sensed by the entire...

Aim: In the long term, genetic improvement is one of the major strategies to support sustainable wine production in a changing climate. Over the past 5 years, we have developed an interdisciplinary research program that aimed to: i) characterize the impact of temperature increase sensed by the entire plant or individual bunches on the development a...

UMR AGAP - Equipe Diversité, adaptation et amélioration de la vigne (DAAV)Conference: 9. International Symposium on Grapevine Physiology and BiotechnologyLocation: La Serena, ChiliDate: APR 21, 2013

Growing standardized plant material in controlled environment can facilitate the disentangling of the many impacts of climate change on grapevine production and quality. Microvine is a natural gibberellic acid insensitive mutant showing dwarfism, early and continuous flowering along the vegetative axes. It was initially proposed as a model for gene...