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Introduction
Additional affiliations
October 2010 - present
July 2013 - August 2013
July 2008 - July 2010
Publications
Publications (221)
In response to the growing demand for groundwater flow models, we present HydroModPy, an open-source toolbox designed to automate their deployment at the catchment scale. Built on top of the MODFLOW-enabling FloPy library, HydroModPy combines the robust WhiteboxTools toolbox for geospatial analysis and the well-validated MODFLOW code for groundwate...
The need for predictive models increases as the pressure of global change intensifies. Regional-scale modeling of shallow unconfined aquifers (10-100 m depth) remains challenging, especially in complex basement aquifers. Controlled both by topography and geology, groundwater flows are organized from hillslope to catchment scale. It is particularly...
Earth’s continental water is stored in compartments varying in volume, structure, and resilience. This heterogeneity challenges our understanding of processes involved in the water cycle’s dynamics. While hydrology typically focuses on studying the water transfers between compartments (fluxes), spaceborne geodesy monitors variations of stocks resul...
Le drainage de parcelles cultivées, qui consiste à créer des conditions d’écoulement préférentiel afin d’assécher le sol et d’abaisser le toit de la nappe phréatique, a été utilisé dans de nombreuses régions du monde. En France, sous l’effet du développement de l’agriculture productiviste à partir des années 1950, la pratique du drainage agricole s...
Le bassin rennais n’est pas épargné par le changement climatique. Des conditions climatiques inhabituelles fragilisent déjà le système d’alimentation en eau potable du territoire. Mais qu’en sera-t-il dans le futur ? Les gestionnaires d’Eau du Bassin Rennais ont besoin d’outils pour se projeter dans les évolutions possibles des ressources en eau en...
Non-perennial streams play a crucial role in ecological communities and the hydrological cycle. However, the key parameters and processes involved in stream intermit-tency remain poorly understood. While climatic conditions, geology and land use are well identified, the assessment and modelling of groundwater controls on streamflow intermittence re...
Since 2020, a methodology has been developed at the interface of existing approaches, allowing implementing on a local scale a modeling approach aimed at providing a forward-looking aid to decision-making processes concerning water resource management. The methodology tested was (1) interdisciplinary, involving researchers from both the natural and...
En France, la volonté affichée par les pouvoirs publics, à travers l’orientation des textes réglementaires, semble orienter la gestion de l’eau vers une approche dite « intégrée ». La mise en œuvre de cette gestion s’est traduite, en particulier, par le transfert de nombreuses compétences auprès des services dédiés des collectivités territoriales e...
Recent research has highlighted the crucial role for ecological communities and the significant prevalence of temporary streams: over 50% of the world's rivers are temporary. However, the main parameters and processes involved in the stream intermittency remain poorly understood. The literature identifies several controlling factors, including mete...
Despite covering only 3% of the global land surface, peatlands are an active part of the Critical Zone (CZ) exchanging large water and greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes with the surrounding aquifers, surface waters, and the atmosphere. While ecosystem services of peatlands (carbon and water storage, buffering of local climate) are essential to address 21...
The assessment of effective hydraulic properties at the catchment scale, i.e., hydraulic conductivity (K) and transmissivity (T), is particularly challenging due to the sparse availability of hydrological monitoring systems through stream gauges and boreholes. To overcome this challenge, we propose a calibration methodology which only considers inf...
Dissolved Oxygen (DO) plays a key role in reactive processes and microbial dynamics in the critical zone. Recent observations showed that fractures can provide rapid pathways for oxygen penetration in aquifers, triggering unexpected biogeochemical processes. In the shallow subsurface, DO reacts with electron donors, such as Fe ²⁺ coming from minera...
Groundwater recharge is difficult to estimate, especially in fractured aquifers, because of the spatial variability of the soil properties and because of the lack of data at basin scale. A relevant method, known as the water table fluctuation (WTF) method, consists in inferring recharge directly from the WTFs observed in boreholes. However, the WTF...
Landslides are often triggered by catastrophic events, among which earthquakes and rainfall are the most depicted. However, very few studies have focused on the effect of atmospheric pressure on slope stability, even though weather events such as typhoons are associated with significant atmospheric pressure changes. Indeed, both atmospheric pressur...
We used numerical modelling to explore the role of the vertical compartmentalization of hillslopes on groundwater flow and recession discharge. We found that, when hydraulic properties are vertically compartmentalized, streamflow recession behaviour may strongly deviate from what is predicted by groundwater theory that considers the drainage of sha...
Groundwater recharge is difficult to estimate, especially in fractured aquifers, because of the spatial variability of the soil properties and because of the lack of data at basin scale. A relevant method, known as the WTF method, consists in inferring recharge directly from the water table fluctuations (WTF) observed in boreholes. However, the WTF...
To supplement the use of hydraulic tests and assess catchment-scale hydraulic conductivity (K), we propose a methodology for shallow aquifers only based on the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and on the observation of the stream network. The methodology requires the groundwater system to be a main determinant of the stream density and extension. It a...
Subduction zones megathrust faults constitute a considerable hazard as they produce most of the world's largest earthquakes. However, the role in megathrust earthquake generation exerted by deeper subduction processes remains poorly understood. Here, we analyze the 2003 – 2014 space-time variations of the Earth's gravity gradients derived from thre...
Between November 2018 and January 2020, a continuous multi-parameter survey, using nine types of sensors, was carried out on a coastal chalk cliff in Sainte-Marguerite-sur-Mer (Normandy, France) with the objective of gaining a deeper understanding of the forcing agents and processes that lead to cliff fatigue and failure. This paper will present th...
Exchanges between groundwater and surface water play a key role for ecosystem preservation, especially in headwater catchments where groundwater discharge into streams highly contributes to streamflow generation and maintenance. Despite several decades of research, investigating the spatial variability in groundwater discharge into streams still re...
The continuous redistribution of water involved in the hydrologic cycle leads to deformation of the solid Earth. On a global scale, this deformation is well explained by the loading imposed by hydrological mass variations and can be quantified to first order with space‐based gravimetric and geodetic measurements. At the regional scale, however, aqu...
We used numerical modelling to explore the role of vertical compartmentalization of hillslopes on groundwater flow and recession discharge. We found that when hydraulic properties are vertically compartmentalized, streamflow recession behaviour may strongly deviate from what is predicted by groundwater theory that considers the drainage of shallow...
Plain Language Summary
Mountain ranges are subject to deformation due to tectonic forces, orogenesis, erosion, and gravity. Other factors can deform the slopes, such as atmospheric‐driven thermal expansion and contraction, freeze‐thaw in open fractures, and pore pressure variations. Close to retreating glaciers, the mechanical unloading of the ice...
Landslides are often triggered by catastrophic events, among which earthquakes and rainfall are the most depicted. However, very few studies have focused on the effect of atmospheric pressure on slope stability, even though weather events such as typhoons are associated with significant atmospheric pressure changes. Indeed, both atmospheric pressur...
The macroseismic and instrumental observations accumulated by the Bureau Central Sismologique Français and other national agencies over the last 100 years show that the northwestern part of metropolitan France is affected by an apparently diffuse and moderate intraplate seismicity. Far from any plate boundary, well-documented inherited structures,...
Groundwater (GW) and streams are intimately linked. Transient groundwater storage is the main driver for streamflow during extended periods of droughts. The connection between GW and streams is more resilient when the drainage timescale is longer, i.e. with slower GW flows and low hydraulic conductivity. Eventually, a gaining stream can be transfor...
We develop a Matlab program named LAPS (Lagrangian Advection of Particles at Sea) to simulate the advection of suspended particles in the global ocean with a minimal user effort to install, set and run the simulations. LAPS uses the 3D sea current velocity fields provided by ECCO2 to track the fate of suspended particles injected in the ocean, at s...
FO-DTS (Fiber Optic Distributed Temperature Sensing) technology has been widely developed to quantify exchanges between groundwater and surface water during the last decade. In this study, we propose, for the first time, to combine long-term passive-DTS measurements and active-DTS measurements in order to highlight their respective potential 10 to...
Observations of changes in terrestrial water storage (TWS) obtained from the satellite mission GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) have frequently been used for water cycle studies and for the improvement of hydrological models by means of calibration and data assimilation. However, due to a low spatial resolution of the gravity field m...
Fractured aquifers are known to be very heterogeneous with complex flow path geometries. Their characterization and monitoring remain challenging despite the importance to better understand their behavior at all spatial and temporal scales. Heat and correspondingly temperature data have gained much interest in recent years and are often used as a t...
Hydraulic tomography is a state-of-the-art method for inferring hydraulic conductivity fields using head data. We employed geostatistical inversion using synthetically generated head and flux data individually and jointly in a steady-state experiment. We designed 96 inversion scenarios to better understand the relative merits of each data type. For...
While it is well understood and accepted that climate change and growing water needs affect the availability of water resources, the identification of the main physical processes involved remains challenging. It notably requires to filter interannual to interdecadal fluctuations and extreme events to isolate the underlying trends. Metropolitan area...
Plain Language Summary
The natural water cycle, by changing how water is stored on the continents, can cause nonnegligible deformation at the Earth's surface. Redistribution of water masses has long been known to alter the state of stress in the crust and potentially modulate seismicity rates. However, the degree to which regional changes in ground...
Groundwater flow depends on the heterogeneity of hydraulic properties whose field characterization is challenging. Recently developed active‐Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) experiments offer the possibility to directly measure groundwater fluxes resulting from heterogeneous flow fields. Here, based on fundamental principles and numerical simu...
Observations of changes in terrestrial water storage obtained from the satellite mission GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) have frequently been used for water cycle studies and for the improvement of hydrological models by means of calibration and data assimilation. However, due to a low spatial resolution of the gravity field models...
L’alimentation en eau potable du bassin rennais repose sur un dispositif complet de 12 ressources et 7 usines. Ce dispositif permet de faire face aux divers aléas pour garantir en permanence une production d’eau potable pour les usagers du bassin rennais mais également pour des Collectivités plus éloignées dans le cadre d’interconnexions.
Néanmoi...
The accurate quantification of sediment mass redistribution is central to the study of surface processes, yet it remains a challenging task. Here we test a new combination of terrestrial gravity and drone photogrammetry methods to quantify sediment mass redistribution over a 1 km2 area. Gravity and photogrammetry are complementary methods. Indeed,...
It is known that changes in continental water storage can produce vertical surface deformation, induce crustal stress perturbations and modulate seismicity rates. However, the degree to which local changes in terrestrial water content influence the occurrence of earthquakes remains an open problem. We show how changes in terrestrial water storage,...
Study region
India
Study focus
India boasts the largest irrigated agricultural system in the world relying on groundwater. To address the strong linkages between the natural groundwater and the anthropogenic irrigated system requires innovative hydrological modeling geared at informing national policies on groundwater management and future develop...
The vadose zone is the main host of surface and subsurface water exchange and has important implications for ecosystems functioning, climate sciences, geotechnical engineering, and water availability issues. Geophysics provides a means for investigating the subsurface in a non-invasive way and at larger spatial scales than conventional hydrological...
The new AquiFR hydrometeorological modelling platform was developed to provide short-to-long-term forecasts for groundwater resource management in France. This study aims to describe and assess this new tool over a long period of 60 years. This platform gathers in a single numerical tool several hydrogeological models covering much of the French me...
For many environmental applications, the interpretation of fiber-optic Raman distributed temperature sensing (FO-DTS) measurements is strongly dependent on the spatial resolution of measurements, especially when the objective is to detect temperature variations over small scales. Here, we propose to compare three different and complementary methods...
Observations of changes in terrestrial water storage obtained from the satellite mission GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) have frequently been used for water cycle studies and for the improvement of hydrological models by means of calibration and data assimilation. However, due to a low spatial resolution of the gravity field models...
Characterization of groundwater/surface water interactions became a key element for the
management of water quality and quantity since these exchanges partly control
biogeochemical reactivity as well as the distribution and abundance of many freshwater
species. However, their quantication is challenging since exchange processes vary both in time a...
Geophysical methods provide non-intrusive means to obtain subsurface information of relevance for agriculture, pollutant transport and critical zone processes. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is routinely employed to derive water content and associated fluxes while seismic methods in hydrogeophysics have recently developed with the estimati...
Subsurface characterization often relies on inversion of either pressure or tracer data. Unless data from many pumping and observation wells are available, the inversion process only resolves smooth low-resolution images of subsurface properties, which leads to less accurate subsurface flow and reactive transport predictions. Furthermore, tracer tom...
As a result of global climate change, glacial melt occurs worldwide. Major impacts are expected on the dynamics of aquifers and rivers in and downstream of mountain ranges. This study aims at quantifying the melt water input fluxes into the watersheds draining the Canadian Rocky Mountains and improving our knowledge about the fate of meltwater with...
As changes in gravity are directly related to mass variability, satellite missions observing the Earth’s time varying gravity field are a unique tool for observing mass transport processes in the Earth system, such as the water cycle, rapid changes in the cryosphere, oceans, and solid Earth processes, on a global scale. The observation of Earth’s g...
Experimental characterization of thermal transport in fractured media through thermal tracer tests is crucial for environmental and industrial applications such as the prediction of geothermal system efficiency. However, such experiments have been poorly achieved in fractured rock due to the low permeability and complexity of these media. We have t...
The accurate quantification of sediment mass redistribution is central to the study of surface processes, yet it remains a challenging task. Here we test a new combination of terrestrial gravity and drone photogrammetry methods to quantify sediment redistribution over a 1-km² area. Gravity and photogrammetry are complementary methods. Indeed, gravi...
Heat has been increasingly used as a tracer for characterization of the subsurface media both in fractured and
porous aquifers. In fractured wellbore, understanding of the role of each fracture in total production of the fluid
and the change of their contribution with change of the system conditions can help us increase our understanding about the...
From 2012 to 2017, the French program CRITEX helped funding innovative equipment for the temporal and spatial exploration of the Critical Zone at the catchment scale. In 2018, the CRITEX geophysical equipment was deployed accross the French Critical Zone Observatories Network (OZCAR) as parts of a set of innovative experiments aimed at characterizi...
Geodetic tools monitor the earth’s deformation and gravity field. They are presently sensitive enough to record subtle changes triggered by hydrological processes, thus providing complementary data to standard hydrological measurements. Among these tools, superconducting gravimeter (SG) have proven useful to unravel groundwater redistribution, whic...
Seismic methods have been recently applied to the monitoring of spatial and temporal variations of near surface characteristics for hydrogeological purposes. The seismic signal is certainly related to mechanical properties that partly depend on porosity and saturation. The behavior of pressure (P) and shear (S) waves in the presence of water is par...
Core Ideas
OZCAR is a network of sites studying the critical zone.
OZCAR covers various disciplines.
OZCAR will help disciplines to work together for a better representation and modeling of the critical zone.
The French critical zone initiative, called OZCAR (Observatoires de la Zone Critique–Application et Recherche or Critical Zone Observatories...