Laurent Boyer

• Medical Doctor at Aix-Marseille University

Background: Different patterns of food consumption may be associated with a differential risk of depression. Differences in dietary patterns between men and women and across different age groups have been reported, but their influence on the risk of depression has not been fully explored. Objectives: To investigate the associations between dietary...

The Joint Clinical Assessment (JCA) evaluates the relative effectiveness (RE) of 4 interventions over comparators. While randomized control trials (RCTs) are considered 5 the gold standard, single-arm trials (SATs) require an external control for accurate RE 6 estimation. This study reviewed Health Technology Assessment (HTA) opinions for 7 medicin...

The European Health Technology Assessment (EU HTA) guidance on Multiplicity of Hypothesis Testing (MHT) [1] resembles an algebra no-solution equation. The hypothetico-deductive method used in inferential statistics, which this guidance references, relies on conclusive reasoning. However, the guidance fails to provide a clear resolution, leaving the...

The Member State Coordination Group on Health Technology Assessment (HTACG) guidance on the validity of clinical studies [...]

Background Cryolipolysis is a nonsurgical adiposity reduction treatment that is increasing in popularity globally. The aim of this paper was to carry out a systematic review with meta-analysis on cryolipolysis and associated health outcomes, adverse events (AE) and patient satisfaction. Methods Major databases were searched from inception until Ap...

Background Vietnam ranked 18th globally in internet users and among the top 10 countries with the highest number of social media users, with 78.6% of the population using the internet and 73.7% active on social media. Despite the high prevalence of social media users, there remains a paucity of studies investigating social media usage and its impac...

Background: Although understanding long-term trends in adolescent screen time and the influence of family structure is essential, there is a lack of research addressing these issues comprehensively. Objective: This study aimed to conduct comprehensive investigations into adolescent screen time before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a partic...

Background Numerous studies support the association of exercise training, physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) with both mortality and morbidity outcomes. The results across studies have been inconsistent, and no umbrella reviews have yet been conducted on this topic. Methods We conducted an umbrella review of meta‐analyses of obser...

Background Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) remains a major complication in intensive care units (ICUs), affecting up to 40% of mechanically ventilated patients and significantly increasing morbidity, and healthcare burden. Current VAP diagnosis relies on retrospective clinical, radiological, and microbiological criteria, leading to delays in...

Background: To address gaps in global understanding of cultural and social variations, this study used a high-performance machine learning (ML) model to predict adolescent substance use across three national datasets. Objective: This study aims to develop a generalizable predictive model for adolescent substance use using multinational datasets an...

Background Pancreatic cancer, a frequently fatal disease with severe symptoms, can require high-intensity end-of-life (HI-EOL) care, posing challenges to patients’ well-being. The examination of HI-EOL care to develop tailored interventions in the management of pancreatic cancer is a critical, yet underexplored area. Objectives The objective of th...

Background Vision impairment is a common disability that poses significant challenges to individuals’ ability to perform activities essential for independent living, including activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Despite extensive research, the extent and nature of these associations remain unclear, p...

Importance Amid escalating mental health challenges among young individuals, intensified by the COVID-19 pandemic, analyzing postpandemic trends is critical. Objective To examine mental health care utilization and prescription rates for children, adolescents, and young adults before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Design, Setting, and Participan...

Objective This study investigates whether early gestational age (GA) at delivery is associated with an increased risk for severe maternal morbidity (SMM) in women with preterm delivery. Methods This retrospective national cohort study based on the Programme de Médicalisation des Systèmes d'Information database included mothers who gave birth betwe...

Background Confidence in pregnancy outcome data for women with bipolar disorder is compromised by small cohort sizes. However, comprehensive national data have been published over the last decade, but no quantitative synthesis has been established to determine the factors associated with complications in these women. Our goal is to summarise the ev...

Background Drug use disorder (DUD) poses a major public health crisis globally, necessitating immediate attention to global trends and future projections to develop effective health policies and interventions. Thus, we aimed to estimate the global trends in DUD mortality rates from 1990 to 2021 and future projections of DUD deaths until 2040 across...

Aim This study aimed to investigate temporal changes in smoking prevalence among adolescents aged 13–15 across 23 countries and to assess individual and country-level factors influencing smoking behaviour. Methods This study used data from 168 286 young adolescents aged 13–15 years obtained from the Global School-based Student Health, 2003–2021. L...

The differential influence of sex on premature mortality in schizophrenia is unclear. This study assessed the differences in all-cause and specific cause mortality risks in people with schizophrenia compared to several control groups stratified by sex. We conducted a PRISMA 2020-compliant systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis of cohort...

Researches on the mental health of Korean adolescents during COVID-19 have largely focused on those from monocultural families, but there is limited data on sadness, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts in multicultural adolescents. This nationwide serial cross-sectional study included 688,708 adolescents aged 12–18 years who participated in the...

The issue of adolescent secondhand smoke (SHS) is globally significant, given that it serves as a preventable risk factor for disease prevalence and mortality rates among youth. This study evaluates trends in adolescent SHS across 27 countries from 2003 to 2021, aiming to identify global variations and sex-specific differences, providing insights f...

Background: Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are prevalent chronic joint disorders, with prevalence rates varying by sex. However, few studies have comprehensively documented the factors contributing to the sex-specific prevalence of osteoarthritis and RA, including sociological factors and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Objectiv...

There is no comprehensive umbrella review exploring the connection between schizophrenia and various health outcomes. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review existing meta-analyses about schizophrenia-associated comorbid health outcomes and validate the evidence levels. We performed an umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies...

Background: Despite several studies on self-evaluation of health and body shape, existing research on the risk factors of self-perceived overweight is insufficient, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: This study aims to identify the risk factors affecting self-perceived overweight and examine how the prevalence of self-perceived ov...

In Vietnam, the public sector has largely been responsible for delivering methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) services. However, with foreign aid anticipated to decline in the coming years, the involvement of the private sector in delivering MMT services is critical to ensure the continued sustainability of MMT programs across Vietnam. This study...

Vision impairment (VI) and eye diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), glaucoma and cataract have been reported to be associated with cognitive impairment and dementia, however, to date, very little attempt has been made to collate and synthesizes such literature. Therefore, the aim of this umbrella revie...

Background: Adolescents frequently encounter a spectrum of psychiatric conditions, predominantly depressive and anxiety disorders, along with various behavioral disturbances. Objective: This investigation aims to delineate the prevalence of depressive disorders among adolescents in urban Vietnam and to elucidate the interrelationships between famil...

Improving vaccine coverage among children is crucial to prevent the long-term consequences of COVID-19 infections and the emergence of resistant COVID-19 variants, especially in resource-scarce settings. This study determined factors influencing the willingness to take and pay for COVID-19 vaccine for children among Vietnamese healthcare profession...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity has become a significant global burden, with more than 40% of the global adult population attempting to lose weight. Previous studies on the impact of weight-control methods on mental health, especially among adolescents, are limited. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity has become a significant global burden, with more than 40% of the global adult population attempting to lose weight. Previous studies on the impact of weight-control methods on mental health, especially among adolescents, are limited. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the...

Background Although previous studies have investigated trends in unmet health care and dental care needs, most have focused on specific groups, such as patients with chronic conditions and older adults, and have been limited by smaller data sets. Objective This study aims to investigate the trends and relative risk factors for unmet health care an...

Background Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) occurring in patients with hematological malignancies (HM) is a life-threatening condition with specific features. Mortality rate remains high but improvement has been described over the past several years. We aimed to describe characteristics and outcomes of ARDS in HM patients admitted in Fren...

Moral injury, initially blamed on the profiteering structure of US healthcare, is increasingly recognized alongside burnout as an independent category of distress, including in countries with publicly funded systems. How countries choose to distribute healthcare resources – the structural determinants of health – and who decides, is a common driver...

Aim To evaluate the potential association between suicidality and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), as well as other medications used for obesity and diabetes, using comprehensive global data. Materials and Methods This study utilized the World Health Organization's pharmacovigilance database, encompassing adverse drug reaction...

Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a global health crisis, profoundly impacted all aspects of daily life. Adolescence, a pivotal stage of psychological and social development, is heavily influenced by the psychosocial and socio-cultural context. Hence, it is imperative to thoroughly understand the psychosocial changes adol...

To further explore the role of different antipsychotic treatments for cardio-cerebrovascular mortality, we performed several subgroup, sensitivity and meta-regression analyses based on a large previous meta-analysis focusing on cohort studies assessing mortality relative risk (RR) for cardio-cerebrovascular disorders in people with schizophrenia, c...

Purpose: To evaluate diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening global adherence rate and the association between sociodemographic and clinical variables and adherence rates to DR screening in individuals with diabetes. Design: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Methods: This systematic review was registered with International Prospective Register of Sys...

We aimed to assess the association between antibiotic exposure in fetal and postnatal life (within six months after birth) and the risk of neuropsychiatric disorders in childhood. A nationwide, population-based birth cohort study(infants, n=3,163,206; paired mothers, n=2,322,735) was conducted in South Korea, with a mean follow-up duration of 6.8 y...

Background Given the increasing focus on patient safety in healthcare systems worldwide, understanding the impact of Continuous Quality Improvement Programs (QIPs) is crucial. QIPs, including Morbidity and Mortality Conferences (MMCs) and Experience Feedback Committees (EFCs), have been identified as effective strategies for enhancing patient safet...

Sub-optimal response in schizophrenia is frequent, warranting augmentation strategies over treatment-as-usual (TAU). We assessed nutraceuticals/phytoceutical augmentation strategies via network meta-analysis. Randomized controlled trials in schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder were identified via the following databases: PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE,...

Background Suicide is the second leading cause of death in young people worldwide and is responsible for about 52,000 deaths annually in children and adolescents aged 5–19 years. Familial, social, psychological, and behavioral factors play important roles in suicide risk. As traumatic events such as the COVID-19 pandemic may contribute to suicidal...

Background A previous study reported significant excess mortality among non-COVID-19 patients due to disrupted surgical care caused by resource prioritization for COVID-19 cases in France. The primary objective was to investigate if a similar impact occurred for medical conditions and determine the effect of hospital saturation on non-COVID-19 hosp...

Background Limited evidence exists on the influence of hospital procedure volume, socioeconomic status, and comorbidities on surgical abortion outcomes. Objective Our study aimed to assess the association between hospital procedure volume, individual and neighborhood deprivation, comorbidities, and abortion-related adverse events. Study Design A na...

Background Although several meta-analyses have examined the association between bipolar disorder (BD) and its comorbid health outcomes, this evidence has not been comprehensively assembled. Objective We aimed to systematically review existing meta-analyses based on multiple physical outcomes and validate the evidence level by examining the existin...

Background The fear of clinical errors among healthcare workers (HCW) is an understudied aspect of patient safety. This study aims to describe this phenomenon among HCW and identify associated socio-demographic, professional, burnout and mental health factors. Methods We conducted a nationwide, online, cross-sectional study targeting HCW in France...

We investigated whether SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with short- and long-term neuropsychiatric sequelae. We used population-based cohorts from the Korean nationwide cohort (discovery; n = 10,027,506) and the Japanese claims-based cohort (validation; n = 12,218,680) to estimate the short-term (<30 days) and long-term (≥30 days) risks of neuro...

OBJECTIVES To determine safety and survival outcomes associated with lobectomy, segmentectomy, and wedge resection for early-stage lung cancer by quiring the French population-based registry EPITHOR. METHODS Retrospective analysis of 19,452 patients with stage c IA lung carcinoma who underwent lobectomy, segmentectomy, or wedge resection between 2...

This is the nationwide study assessing the long-term trends in the prevalence of depression, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts among South Korean adolescents, by family structure. We observed an increase in depression, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts from the pre-COVID–19 pandemic to the intra-COVID–19 pandemic period across all non-...

Aim The anticholinergic properties of medications are associated with poorer cognitive performance in schizophrenia. Numerous scales have been developed to assess anticholinergic burden and yet, there is no consensus indicating which anticholinergic burden scale is more relevant for patients with schizophrenia. We aimed to identify valid scales for...

Aim This study classified 99 countries into four income groups and then analysed the impact of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure at home, in public places and at school, on current cigarette smoking prevalence. Methods We utilised data from the WHO Global Youth Tobacco Survey and a meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the prevalence and weighted...

BACKGROUND To address gaps in global understanding of cultural and social variations, this study used a high-performance machine learning (ML) model to predict adolescent substance use across three national datasets. OBJECTIVE This study aims to develop a generalizable predictive model for adolescent substance use using multinational datasets and...

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), which delivers a direct current to the brain, emerged as a non-invasive potential therapeutic in treating a range of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. However, a comprehensive quantitative evidence synthesis on the effects of tDCS on a broad range of mental illnesses is lacking. Here, we sy...

Background: There have been conflicting reports regarding the case-fatality outcomes associated with sepsis and septic shock in patients with severe mental illness (SMI). Methods: We searched Medline®, Web of Science® and the Cochrane Library® databases (from inception to 4-July-2023) for papers reporting outcomes associated with sepsis and sept...

Our nationwide study analyzed the trends and risk factors for alcohol consumption, smoking, and suicide attempts of 674,259 Korean adolescents from 2012 to 2022. The prevalence of adolescent risk behaviors, including alcohol consumption, smoking, and suicide attempts, increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Specific policies or social programs fo...

Background Suicide is the second-leading cause of death among adolescents and is associated with clusters of suicides. Despite numerous studies on this preventable cause of death, the focus has primarily been on single nations and traditional statistical methods. Objective This study aims to develop a predictive model for adolescent suicidal think...

Purpose: Septic shock and cancer occur routinely in intensive care unit patients. Our aim was to determine the 90-day mortality rate of patients with septic shock and solid cancer or hematological cancer. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study using data from the French national hospitalization database, including adult patients with se...

Comprehensive quantitative evidence on the risk and protective factors for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) effects is lacking. We investigated the risk and protective factors related to SIDS. We conducted an umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational and interventional studies assessing SIDS-related factors. PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, EBSCO...

BACKGROUND: An increase in the demand for quality of life following spinal cord injuries (SCIs) is associated with an increase in musculoskeletal (MSK) pain, highlighting the need for preventive measure research. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the incidence and hazards of MSK morbidities among Korean adults with SCIs, as well as the influe...

Objective To investigate the potential association between prenatal opioid exposure and the risk of neuropsychiatric disorders in children. Design Nationwide birth cohort study. Setting From 1 January 2009 to 31 December 2020, birth cohort data of pregnant women in South Korea linked to their liveborn infants from the National Health Insurance Se...

Delirium is a common condition across different settings and populations. The interventions for preventing and managing this condition are still poorly known. The aim of this umbrella review is to synthesize and grade all preventative and therapeutic interventions for delirium. We searched five databases from database inception up to March 15th, 20...

The anticholinergic properties of medications are associated with poorer cognitive performance in schizophrenia. Numerous scales have been developed to assess anticholinergic burden and yet, there is no consensus indicating which anticholinergic burden scale is more relevant for patients with schizophrenia. We aimed to identify valid scales for est...

Prior research has predominantly focused on the overall effects of the tobacco tax increase and the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent smoking behavior. However, there is a need to examine both the immediate and sustained associations of these two factors on subgroups of adolescents, employing an interrupted time-series model. We aimed to investigate...

Background Burnout and absenteeism are prevalent among healthcare workers, reflecting prolonged work-related stress and dissatisfaction with their job. Identifying poor sleep as a contributing factor can assist in developing targeted interventions. This study explored the relationship between burnout, absenteeism, and sleep among healthcare workers...

Background: Some data suggest a higher incidence of diagnosis of autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases (AIRDs) among patients with a history of COVID-19 compared with uninfected patients. However, these studies had methodological shortcomings. Objective: To investigate the effect of COVID-19 on long-term risk for incident AIRD over various f...

Importance Antipsychotic-induced akathisia (AIA) occurs in 14% to 35% of patients treated with antipsychotics and is associated with increased suicide and decreased adherence in patients with schizophrenia. However, no comprehensive review and network meta-analysis has been conducted to compare the efficacy of treatments for AIA. Objective To comp...

Background Incorporating interprofessional collaboration within healthcare is critical to delivery of patient-centered care. Interprofessional Education (IPE) programs are key to promoting such collaboration. The ‘Public Health Service' (PHS) in France is a mandatory IPE initiative that embodies this collaborative spirit, bringing together students...

BACKGROUND Although understanding long-term trends in adolescent screen time and the influence of family structure is essential, there is a lack of research addressing these issues comprehensively. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to conduct comprehensive investigations into adolescent screen time before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a particul...

BACKGROUND Despite several studies on self-evaluation of health and body shape, existing research on the risk factors of self-perceived overweight is insufficient, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE This study aims to identify the risk factors affecting self-perceived overweight and examine how the prevalence of self-perceived over...

Background Given the additional risk of suicide-related behaviors in adolescents with allergic rhinitis (AR), it is important to use the growing field of machine learning (ML) to evaluate this risk. Objective This study aims to evaluate the validity and usefulness of an ML model for predicting suicide risk in patients with AR. Methods We used dat...

BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are prevalent chronic joint disorders, with prevalence rates varying by sex. However, few studies have comprehensively documented the factors contributing to the sex-specific prevalence of osteoarthritis and RA, including sociological factors and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE...

Background Antipsychotics are the gold standard treatment for schizophrenia, but many patients who receive treatment experience persistent symptoms. The aim of this network meta-analysis was to determine the efficacy of augmentation drugs for the treatment of schizophrenia. Methods In accordance with the PRISMA statement, the PubMed, Web of Scienc...

Over the 14-year period, both sleep sufficiency and sleep time amongst South Korean adolescents demonstrated a consistent downward trend. A noteworthy decrease in sleep sufficiency was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic when compared to the pre-COVID-19 period (2009-2019). Both before the COVID-19 pandemic and during the COVID-19 pandemic period...

On 23 July 2022, the World Health Organization declared the global mpox outbreak as a public health emergency of international significance. The mpox virus (MPXV) that caused the outbreak was classified as clade IIb, which belongs to the West African clade. However, the relationship between MPXV clades and symptoms, as well as the severity of mpox...

BACKGROUND Suicide is the second-leading cause of death among adolescents and is associated with clusters of suicides. Despite numerous studies on this preventable cause of death, the focus has primarily been on single nations and traditional statistical methods. OBJECTIVE This study aims to develop a predictive model for adolescent suicidal think...

Importance Only a few studies have examined the long-term trends of hand and oral hygiene, especially among adolescents. Objective To investigate the 15-year trends in frequency of handwashing and toothbrushing and examine the factors associated with hand and oral hygiene, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design, Setting, and Participan...

Background: Sub-optimal response in schizophrenia is frequent, warranting augmentation strategies over treatment-as-usual (TAU). Methods: We assessed nutraceuticals/phytoceutical augmentation strategies via network meta-analysis. Randomized controlled trials in schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder were identified via the following databases: PubM...

Purpose Prior studies suggested an increase in screen time among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, due to limited sample size and a short-term observation period, these associations are inconclusive and inconsistent. Thus, we aimed to compare screen time during the pandemic and the long-term trend through a Korean large-scale and l...

The impact of the pandemic on hypertension management is unknown, particularly regarding changes in demographic risk factors. We conducted a comprehensive study between 1998 and 2021 on the long-term trends in hypertension prevalence in South Korea, including a comparison of the pre-pandemic and pandemic eras. Data from 1998 to 2021 of 108,687 Kore...

Objective This study aims to develop high-performing Machine Learning and Deep Learning models in predicting hospital length of stay (LOS) while enhancing interpretability. We compare performance and interpretability of models trained only on structured tabular data with models trained only on unstructured clinical text data, and on mixed data. Me...