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September 1992 - present
Publications
Publications (110)
Many scholars suggest that recent major science education initiatives apparently tied to intense economic competitiveness and growth have prioritized education about “products” (e.g., laws, theories, innovations) and skills (e.g., experimentation) of fields of science and technology. Such initiatives also, apparently, tend to avoid research finding...
The knowledge multireferentiality in technological disciplines and the issue of reference for the knowledge to be taught: the example of agronomy
The question of farm animal welfare has sparked strong debate in society and in scientific, technical and professional domains. Knowledge is "on the research front", especially knowledge related to the sensitivity of livestock. This knowledge questions the relationship that it is desirable to establish with animals. This paper examines how controve...
Depuis le début des années 80 apparaissent de nombreuses « éducations à » (développement durable, santé, citoyenneté, solidarité internationale, médias et information, citoyenneté, patrimoine…). Elles prennent en charge des enjeux globaux et induisent des formations à la responsabilité individuelle et collective. Elles traduisent des modifications...
We submit in this article the hypothesis that Socially Acute Questions are a source of destabilization for the teachers because of the visibility that they give to uncertainties that are inherent to the sciences-societies controversies. Using socio-anthropological methods, we analysed discussions with four trainee-teachers in Earth and Life Science...
PARRISE is a European multidisciplinary consortium that developing the features of a new type of inquiry for science classrooms, the SSIBL approach (Socio-Scientific Inquiry Based-Learning). This communication presents the French construction of these features and reports on the appropriation of this approach by trainee-teachers in general educatio...
PARRISE est un consortium européen multidisciplinaire qui a construit les principes
théoriques éducatif et didactique d’une démarche d’investigation sur des questions
socio-scientifiques fondés sur une éducation à la citoyenneté critique. Cet article présente
la déclinaison française de ces principes en proposant une modélisation de cette
démarche...
The aim of this study was to investigate how a pedagogical approach designed to promote productive discourse and undistorted communication (Habermas, 1984) can enable secondary school students to communicate about socioscientific issues (SSIs). A small-scale qualitative study design was employed to explore how a group of 13 Biology school students...
There is a need to develop an understanding of how science knowledge is interpreted and used when a Socially Acute Question (SAQ) is discussed on the ‘agora’ of the Internet.
A case is made for using Actor-Network Theory (ANT) to unravel the diversity of participants taking part, their stance, source and expression of their justifications. This int...
The debates on the evolution and impact of agriculture on health, on the natural or socioeconomic environment lead us to consider agri-environment issues as socially acute questions (SAQs). The agro-ecological transition towards a more sustainable system, supported by the political authorities, faces a lock-in socio-technical system. Maintaining a...
Nous vivons à l'ère des incertitudes. Le développement des technosciences génère de grandes questions auxquelles les sociétés sont incapables de répondre avec certitude et universalité. Cet état d'indétermination généralisée entre en tension avec un traitement traditionnellement cartésien de l'imprévisibilité. Au débat épistémologique fondamental d...
An activist orientation, as it is understood in the ‘STEPWISE’ approach, reveals the limitations of the current society (e.g., world ultraliberalism, capitalism, consumerism). We discuss here STEPWISE foundations for the emancipation of individuals and/or communities. STEPWISE promotes scientific education for students in postures of actors and res...
Animal husbandry teachers are triggering acute challenges when they plan and realize teaching-learning situations particularly because of the current deep changes in the agricultural domain (environmental impacts of animal breeding, ethical issues, public health...). Our study aims to analyze the potential development of the power to act of animal...
Scientific expertise and outcomes often give rise to controversy. An educational response that equips students to take part in socioscientific discussions is the teaching of Socially Acute Questions (SAQs). Students engaging with SAQs need to engage with socio scientific reasoning, which involves reasoning with evidence from a variety of fields oth...
Dans un contexte polémique sur la définition de ce que devrait être l'enseignement de la Nature des Sciences, je discute la position et les propositions pédagogiques de Hodson et Wong (2017 Hodson, D., & Wong, S. L. (2017). Going beyond the consensus view: Broadening and enriching the scope of NOS-oriented curricula. Canadian Journal of Science, Ma...
Nous vivons à l’ère des incertitudes. Le développement des technosciences génère de grandes questions auxquelles les sociétés sont incapables de répondre avec certitude et universalité. Cet état d’indétermination généralisée entre en tension avec un traitement traditionnellement cartésien de l’imprévisibilité. Au débat épistémologique fondamental d...
The debates on the evolution and impact of agriculture on health, on the natural or socioeconomic environment lead us to consider Agri-environment issues as a socially acute questions (SAQs). The agroecological transition towards a more sustainable system, supported by the political authorities, faces a lock in socio-technical system. Maintaining a...
We have initiated a intervention-research with a group of citizens in a small rural French town. It is part of a kind of non-formal education « éducation populaire » in politics. In this article,we will present the contribution of Socially Acute Questions for an education to agonistic activism.
The introduction of the Socially Acute Question of the...
Pest reduction management policy affects farmers, but also teachers of agricultural schools. They face controversial, particularly in classrooms, among the children of farmers. We focus here on learning related to the aim of the reduction of inputs, as learning object, and the debates as a learning process. Mobilizing multidisciplinary research (ag...
Dans le cadre d’un atelier des Entretiens du Pradel, des pratiques d’agriculteur et de chercheur en agriculture biodynamique ont permis d’interroger les modes de production et de partage des savoirs pour l’action dans ce mode d’agriculture.La prise en compte d’autres formes de rationalité que la seule rationalité scientifique, à la fois par une app...
Les débats dont le bien-être animal est l’objet entre chercheurs, professionnels et associations en font une question socialement vive scientifico-éthique. Ils en interrogent l’éducabilité alors que cette notion est prise en compte dans les curricula de l’enseignement agricole. Envisageant son enseignement au travers d’une éducation à l’empathie in...
Students engaging with socially acute questions (SAQs) reason with evidence from a variety of fields, including values, economics, local and global perspectives, and a variety of stakeholder perspectives. The research described here involves tertiary students from France and Australia engaging with SAQs of sustainability such as desalination and ea...
L'éducation relative au bien-être animal (BEA) en élevage, qui se posait déjà au XIXe siècle, se présente de manière plus complexe à l'heure actuelle. En effet, depuis les années 1960, les débats sur le BEA en élevage se sont renforcés en Europe. Nous interrogeons l'évolution de la prise en compte de la question socialement vive (Legardez et Simonn...
Dans la société actuelle, les interactions entre sciences, technologies, technosciences et sociétés sont prégnantes. Le courant de l'enseignement des Socio-Scientific Issues (SSI) 1 a été développé en réponse à cette situation et est devenu l'une des principales tendances dans les recherches en didactique des sciences. Le courant de l'enseignement...
New conceptions of the animal are suggested in the speech of different stakeholders (professionals of animals, animal rights activists), scientists within humanities or biology. The analysis of the animal status questions the traditional humanist thought, paradigm based on evolutionary naturalism to suggest a post-humanist paradigm (de Fontenay, 19...
This text aims to draw a panorama of affiliations and orientations of current research in science and technology education in France. We can have no claim to completeness. We indicate here highlights orientations in the sense that they generated a conceptual renewal of a significant amount of research, but it does not mean that other orientations a...
Within the increasing body of research that examines students’ reasoning on socioscientific issues, we consider in particular student reasoning concerning acute, open-ended questions that bring out the complexities and uncertainties embedded in ill-structured problems. In this paper, we propose a socioscientific sustainability reasoning (S3R) model...
The educational trend referred to as Socio-Scientific Issues (SSIs) is gradually spreading internationally. It involves decisions in fields of science (and technology) that have controversial impacts on societies (Kolsto SD, Int J Sci Educ 23:877–901, 2001; Sadler TD, Chambers FW, Zeidler DL, Int J Sci Educ 26(4):387–410, 2004; Zeidler DL, Walker K...
To train students to participate in debates and decision-making about social issues related to the implications of technosciences, it is necessary to elaborate and assess teaching situations which confront students with such issues and empower them to treat their inherent complexity. In this paper, we discuss the similarities and specificities of t...
Après avoir présenté brièvement la didactique des QSV, nous présentons un axe de
l’évolution de notre approche didactique. Nous retenons deux enjeux principaux en didactique
des QSV pour favoriser l’analyse critique dans une perspective de citoyenneté scientifique : la
réflexivité axiologique et le questionnement épistémologique. Nous centrons ici...
Les textes présentés dans ce numéro spécial sont issus d’un symposium intitulé « Questions Socialement Vives Environnementales (QSVE) et les éducations à… » organisé lors des Journées Internationales de l’UMR EFTS qui se sont déroulées à Toulouse du 4 au 6 juin 2014. La diversité des contributions rassemblée dans ce numéro spécial à partir de ce sy...
At a time when numerous crises are undermining the status of (techno-) science, the teaching of Questions Socialement Vives (Socially Acute Questions, or SAQs) has an important role in preparing students for the postmodern risk society. The field of SAQs represents a French orientation for the teaching of socio-scientific issues (SSIs). Teaching ab...
Scientific expertise and outcomes often give rise to controversy. An educational response that equips students
to take part in such discussions is the teaching of socially acute questions (SAQs). With SAQs, the understanding
of uncertainty, risk and how knowledge is developed is central. This study explores the way in which
students from different...
In this article, we describe a project on reasoning about socio-scientific issues (SSIs), involving
French and Australian pre-service science teachers engaged in on-line discussion and
development of a wiki. In the research, we developed frameworks for looking at the quality of
reasoning about 'socially acute' sustainability questions. We found the...
ABSTRACT Un enjeu essentiel de l’éducation scientifique contemporaine est de préparer les citoyens à appréhender les relations Sciences-Technologies-Sociétés qui soulèvent des Questions Environnementales Socialement Vives (QESV). Notre recherche porte sur les modalités de construction d’expertises collégiales de ces QESV. Dans cet article, nous ana...
Farm animal welfare has sparked debate, mainly challenging industrial breeding systems. This issue is central to European strategy especially where the training of breeders is concerned. The French agricultural vocational course " Bac Pro CGEA Conduite et Gestion de l'Exploitation Agricole " trains students to be able to manage their own farm. Educ...
Farming has been shaken by several crises over the past few years: bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), avian flu, swine flu, etc. Intensive farming, hormonal treatments, antibiotics, etc. were then challenged. Society started raising farmers’ and agronomists’ awareness about new technologies and farming practices. This research explores the rat...
We experimented with teaching nanotechnology in high school within the perspective of citizenship education in science by involving experts in nanotechnology, education, ethics and philosophy. After training, the students debated a Socially Acute Question (SAQ) that they elaborated during the various phases of instruction. The field of SAQs represe...
Education for Sustainability has become an institutional requirement in many countries. It takes many forms that can integrate
the teaching of environmental Socioscientific Issues (SSIs). In this context, we present the French notion of Socially Acute
Questions (SAQs). We develop a theoretical frame to analyse educational configurations applied to...
We tried to determine the reasoning behind the stances taken by a group of 19–21-year-old students on the controversial issue of the feasibility and acceptability of human gene therapy. The students were in training at a biotechnology institute. We organised classroom debates, punctuated by phases of epistemological ‘disturbances’. We used a variet...
Les modélisations d'accompagnement, en tentant de prendre en compte la dynamique d'éco-socio-systèmes, se veulent être un outil d'aide à la décision dans le cadre de problématiques complexes telles que la gestion de la biodiversité. Conçues par et avec les acteurs du territoire, elles associent un système multi-agent, un jeu de rôle et un système d...
Mots-clés : rationalités, multiréférentialité, interdisciplinarité, citoyenneté Résumé. Notre approche de l'Education au Développement Durable se veut une éducation au choix, à l'engagement citoyen. Elle vise l'émergence et le développement d'une pensée complexe et critique. Nous étudions l'évolution de raisonnements socioscientifiques à travers le...
Based on the comments by Lopez-Facal and Jiménez-Aleixandre, we consider that the cultural identities within Europe interfere with the question of the re-introduction of the Slovenian bear, generating a kind of “discrimination.” When the SAQs under debate run against the students’ systems of value, it seems that the closer the connection between th...
This research starts from a relatively optimistic thinking based on the fact that the teaching of the socioscientific issues through the practice of argued debates can contribute positively towards education in scientific citizenship. The teaching of techno-sciences raises topical questions which interfere in the classroom and at the same time carr...
Cette étude a visé plusieurs objectifs. Elle s'est située au milieu du parcours de formation initiale d'enseignant(e)s de l'enseignement agricole en zootechnie, agronomie et sciences économiques et sociales, après une initiation à la didactique. Nous avons construit le protocole pour donner du corps à cette initiation et faire expérimenter aux ense...
In this article, we study third-year university students' reasoning about three controversial socio-scientific issues from the viewpoint of education for sustainable development: local issues (the reintroduction of bears in the Pyrenees in France, wolves in the Mercantour) and a global one (global warming). We used the theoretical frameworks of soc...
This chapter examines some dimensions of argumentation in socio-scientific contexts from a perspective seeking to develop students' understanding of the interdependence between science and society. The notion of socio-scientific issues as social dilemmas rooted in scientific domains and the notion of “socially acute questions” are discussed in the...
To fight against the disaffection of high-school pupils to sciences, a device was set up. This article relates the evaluation of a conference with a researcher and pupils on chosen chemistry topics. The pupils' acquisition of chemistry knowledge is identified, in order to improve such a device.
In France, within the framework of the National Strategy for Sustainability, a specific section is devoted to Environmental Education for Sustainability (EES). Classical ways of teaching appear inadequate to this aim. Thus, teachers' training is a major challenge in primary and secondary schools. This is the reason why we suggest integrating four e...
Cette recherche s’inscrit dans une approche socioscientifique du génie génétique impliquant la prise en compte des controverses sociales et des questions socio-éthiques que suscitent ces applications dans la société. Nous nous sommes proposées d’introduire un dilemme socio-éthique au cours d’un débat argumenté dans le but d’améliorer la compréhensi...
Enseigner des questions socio-scientifiques controversées pour permettre aux élèves de participer aux débats sur ces questions est un enjeu essentiel aujourd'hui et un défi difficile à relever. Le but de cette recherche est d'analyser les possibilités d'amélioration des capacités argumentatives d'élèves de niveau baccalauréat dans le cadre d'un dis...
The Université des Lycéens (University of High-School Students) was set up in France in order to make scientific knowledge more relevant to students and to combat a growing lack of interest in science among students. The scheme involves a series of lectures to students by scientists, each followed by a debate. The organisers hope that putting stude...
The purpose of this case study was to evaluate the changes in opinion of a group of future teachers on the danger of mobile
telephones. The opinions were determined before and after epistemological work and role-playing in a form of a legal suit.
This activity was part of pre-service teachers’ initial training in a one-week module dedicated to prep...
In a previous paper on the lack of motivation for ecology by most pupils of agricultural schools in France, Magro et al. (2001) suggested that this problem exists because teaching is not changing at the same pace as the "scientific knowledge". Furthermore, they have shown that teaching is based on descriptions and definitions and is therefore not v...
Les échanges langagiers sont nécessairement inscrits dans un contexte déterminé. Ici nous abordons l'argumentation dans les débats en classe sur des questions socialement vives. Après avoir défini ce que nous entendons par questions socialement vives dont font partie les biotechnologies à vocation agricole, nous illustrons notre propos par l'analys...
The objectives discussed in this paper were to test research methods used to analyse student debates, to report on them, and to compare students’ arguments in role-playing and debating situations on the topic of animal transgenesis. Analyses were made from different perspectives, from microscopic analysis of debate episodes to macroscopic analysis...
Les professeurs de Biologie-Ecologie de l’Enseignement Agricole français considèrent que
l’écologie est difficile à enseigner et se sentent souvent frustrés car ils ont peine à motiver
leurs élèves. Depuis 1999 un projet de recherche est développé à l’ENFA pour essayer de
comprendre et résoudre ce problème. Ces difficultés découleraient, à notre av...
Biotechnology applications are used in many different fields, from the chemicals industry to agriculture andfrom medical diagnoses to the pharmaceuticals and environmental sectors, and their repercussions are the subject of much debate. Argumentation is a key to the build-up of knowledge and is a crucial aspect of democratic scientific education. T...
Dans le cadre de la mise en place de nouveaux programmes dans les filières de l'enseignement agricole, l'enseignement scientifique doit permettre aux élèves de réfléchir à des questions de société où la science est impliquée. Il est conseillé aux enseignants de mettre en oeuvre de nouvelles pratiques pédagogiques. Pour cerner les attitudes des ense...
The teaching of ecology in the agricultural secondary curricula in France is relatively new. The displaying of the curricula has been causing some problems to the teachers (general frustration and difficulties to motivate their pupils). In order to identify the cause of the problems, analysis of curricula, teachers conceptions about ecology and the...
This paper compares the impact of a role-play and a conventional discussion on students' argumentation on an issue involving animal transgenesis. Students were confronted with an imaginable but fictional situation. They had to decide whether or not to approve a giant transgenic salmon farm being set up in a seaside village. Students received the sa...
Les biotechnologies ont des champs d'application très variés, de l'industrie chimique à l'agriculture, et du diagnostic médical et de l'industrie pharmaceutique à l'environnement. Leurs répercussions sont sujettes à débats. L'argumentation est au coeur de la construction des savoirs; elle doit avoir un rôle central en éducation scientifique dans un...
The teaching of ecology in the agricultural secondary curricula in France is relatively new. The displaying of the curricula has been causing some problems to the teachers (general frustration and difficulties to motivate their pupils). In order to identify the cause of the problems, analysis of curricula, teachers conceptions about ecology and the...
Biotechnology uses genetically modified bacteria or viruses. Students' conceptions about 'microbes' tends to condition their understanding of biotechnology. This study focuses on the reasoning behind their conceptions. It is assumed that students' conceptions are themselves conditioned by the status given to diseases, by a hygiene-oriented culture,...
Socio-professional identity of teachers may have an impact on their way of teaching biotechnology. Livestock and crop production teachers have been trained according to the intensive agriculture model. They have been affected by the emergence of limits to this model; an identity crisis has appeared due to the gap between their disciplinary culture...
Les opinions vis-à-vis des applications biotechnologiques sont la clé de voûte des représentations sociales sur les biotechnologies. La construction identitaire des individus marque leurs représentations sociales. Les enseignants en productions animales et végétales ont été formés sur le modèle de l'agriculture intensive. Pour identifier l'influenc...
En: Alambique : Didáctica de las Ciencias Experimentales Barcelona 2000, n. 25, julio ; p. 27-44 Este artículo presenta un método de análisis de estrategias didácticas para favorecer la argumentación sobre las biotecnologías entre el alumnado. El análisis, que toma como base cinco ejemplos, se centra sucesivamente en las características sociales y...
The museographic transposition of scientific knowledge leads notably to the preparation of exhibition posters. This is a delicate operation, on account of the constraints imposed by space, language, concepts and the text. These difficulties are even greater in the case of bovine reproduction biotechnologies, such as cloning, where knowledge is not...
Cette recherche concerne l'élaboration de panneaux de préfiguration scriptovisuels d'une exposition scientifique sur les biotechnologies de la reproduction bovine, en particulier sur le clonage. S'inscrivant dans une tentative d'épistémologie critique, l'analyse de l'histoire de la construction des savoirs étaye le choix des connaissances à présent...
