Laure Vieu

• PhD
• Directrice de Recherche at Toulouse Institute of Computer Science Research

Au croisement des tâches « cohérence » et « formation des enseignants » de l’ANR ECalm, cette contribution porte sur la cohérence de textes d’élèves d’école primaire et de début de collège. Elle met en regard des annotations discursives prenant appui sur une extension de la SDRT (Segmented Discourse Representation Theory) permettant l’annotation de...

Cet article traite de la question de la cohérence dans des productions écrites d’élèves d’école et collège. Le corpus analysé est issu du corpus RESOLCO, il est constitué de 36 textes d’élèves d’école primaire et de collège (CE2, 6ème et 3ème) produits selon une même consigne d’écriture, une tâche-problème demandant aux élèves la production d’un te...

CHRONOS is a series of international conferences dedicated to current research on the semantics and pragmatics of tense, aspect, actionality, and modality/evidentiality and also their morphology and syntax. The CHRONOS conferences welcome presentations from scholars who conduct linguistic research on diverse languages from different perspectives an...

DOLCE, the first top-level (foundational) ontology to be axiomatized, has remained stable for twenty years and today is broadly used in a variety of domains. DOLCE is inspired by cognitive and linguistic considerations and aims to model a commonsense view of reality, like the one human beings exploit in everyday life in areas as diverse as socio-te...

dolce, the first top-level (foundational) ontology to be axiomatized, has remained stable for twenty years and today is broadly used in a variety of domains. dolce is inspired by cognitive and linguistic considerations and aims to model a commonsense view of reality, like the one human beings exploit in everyday life in areas as diverse as socio-te...

Cet article présente le processus d’annotation en Relations de Discours (RD) de textes d’élèves du corpus RésolCo (Garcia-Debanc et al. 2017) produits selon une même consigne d’écriture. Nous procédons à une segmentation en Unités de Discours Élémentaires qui sont ensuite reliées entre elles par des RD lors de l’annotation. Le jeu de RD choisi est...

Forests, cars and orchestras are very different ontological entities, and yet very similar in some aspects. The relationships they have with the elements they are composed of is often assumed to be reducible to standard ontological relations, like parthood and constitution, but how this could be done is still debated. This paper sheds light on the...

In this paper we report on the efforts of three projects to annotate texts and dialogues with discourse structure. We provide a theoretical discussion of various alternatives and then present our approach to discourse structure annotation, along with some applications of the resources that we have developed.

This paper investigates an issue at the interface between language and ontology. It is argued that the phenomenon of 'inherent polysemy' observed in lexical semantics for nouns such as book or country actually is a deeper phenomenon grounded on specific ontological relations involving the entities referred to. It is shown that this phenomenon emerg...

The meaning of spatial expressions has attracted a growing interest over the last three decades. Even since first studies in the late sixties, the semantic modelling of locative adpositions has favoured geometrical concepts such as regions. Yet, a different approach to spatial adpositions appeared at the beginning of the eighties, which emphasizes...

In this paper we report the results of four experiments conducted to extract lists of nouns that exhibit inherent polysemy from corpus data following semiautomatic and automatic procedures. We compare the methods used and the results obtained. We argue that quantitative methods can be used to distinguish different classes of polysemous nouns in the...

English. In this paper we argue that the account of the notion of complex type based on copredication tests is problematic, because copredication is possible, albeit less frequent, also with expressions which exhibit polysemy due to coercion. We show through a distributional and lexico-syntactic pattern-based corpus analysis that the variability of...

*Texte en ligne* http://fr.calameo.com/books/002992780a270b7422b67 Lorsqu’en février 1939, il fuit, avec ses parents, la Catalogne prise par les franquistes, rien ne paraissait destiner Mario Borillo (1934-2013) au parcours qui sera le sien. Après une jeunesse entre Ariège et Comminges et des études à Toulouse (ingénieur ENSEEIHT 1958), il devient...

*Texte en ligne* http://fr.calameo.com/books/002992780a270b7422b67 Lorsqu’en février 1939, il fuit, avec ses parents, la Catalogne prise par les franquistes, rien ne paraissait destiner Mario Borillo (1934-2013) au parcours qui sera le sien. Après une jeunesse entre Ariège et Comminges et des études à Toulouse (ingénieur ENSEEIHT 1958), il devient...

The Asfalda project aims to develop a French corpus with frame-based semantic annotations and automatic tools for shallow semantic analysis. We present the first part of the project: focusing on a set of notional domains, we delimited a subset of English frames, adapted them to French data when necessary, and developed the corresponding French lexi...

Dès les années 1960 et 1970, les premiers travaux sur les prépositions spatiales ont tenté de saisir leur contenu sémantique à travers des outils et notions géométriques. Ce mode opératoire s’est poursuivi dans les décennies qui ont suivi – et jusqu’à nos jours –, le cadre théorique de la "sémantique conceptuelle" mis sur pied par Jackendoff en éta...

In this paper, we describe the architecture and collaborative approach adopted for the development of Senso Comune (SC), an open knowledge base for the Italian language that combines lexicographic, linguistic, ontological and textual data in a web-based collaborative platform. Senso Comune aims at integrating lexicographic data from users and legac...

We aim to show that far-related primates like humans and the capuchin monkeys show interesting correspondences in terms of artifact characterization and categorization. We investigate this issue by using a philosophically-inspired definition of physical artifact which, developed for human artifacts, turns out to be applicable for cross-species comp...

Senso Comune is an open knowledge base for Italian language, available through a Web-based collaborative plaftorm, whose construction is in progress. The resource integrates dictionary data coming from both users and legacy resources with an ontological backbone, which provides foundations for a formal characterization of lexical semantic structure...

We describe a dialogue model and an implemented annotation scheme for a pilot corpus of annotated online chats concerning bargaining negotiations in the game The Settlers of Catan. We will use this model and data to analyze how conversations proceed in the absence of strong forms of cooperativity, where agents have diverging motives. Here we concen...

We describe the Annodis corpus of discourse structures for French. The corpus joins two perspectives on discourse on a variety of textual genres: a bottom-up approach and a top-down approach. The bottom-up view builds incrementally a structure from elementary discourse units, while the top-down view focuses on the selective annotation of multi-leve...

Synthese: An International Journal for Epistemology, Methodology and Philosophy of Science

Selected papers based on the presentations at the workshop, TIDIAD, August 16–20, 2010 organized during the European summer school on logic, language and information, ESSLLI, Copenhagen, Denmark

We propose to study the discourse contribution of enumerative structures involving the prepositional phrase pour deux raisons. We would like to highlight the contribution of the textual information conveyed by enumerative structures and the prepositional phrase both to the discourse structure and the discourse content within the SDRT model. We will...

Senso Comune is an open-knowledge base for the Italian language, available through a Web-based collaborative platform, whose construction is in progress. The resource integrates dictionary data coming from both users and legacy resources with an ontological backbone, which provides foundations for a formal characterization of lexical semantic struc...

Starting from a general characterization of roles, we focus on the ways in which roles are specified, we examine the formal constraints on their definitions, and propose definitional schemas motivating different kinds of roles. This classification, in addition to clarify the notion of role itself, helps us to reconsider the two standard solutions t...

This paper focuses on the improvement of the conceptual structure of FrameNet for the sake of applying this resource to knowledge- intensive NLP tasks requiring reasoning, such as question answering, information extraction etc. Ontological analysis supported by data-driven methods is used for axiomatizing, enriching and cleaning up frame relations....

This chapter examines the field of applied ontology and the characterization of the notion of artefact within this same domain. It begins with a brief discussion of the basic issues that are of special relevance to formal ontology before then going on to present the main existing systems and emphasize their differences. The situation regarding the...

Les théories cherchant à capturer la cohérence discursive (Mann & Thompson, 1987; Asher & Lascarides, 2003) offrent des cadres théoriques stimulants pour analyser de nombreux phénomènes discursifs. Ils peinent parfois cependant à fournir des définitions de relations combinant précision et robustesse pour des travaux d'annotation à grande échelle pe...

Le projet ANNODIS vise la construction d'un corpus de textes annotés au niveau discursif ainsi que le développement d'outils pour l'annotation et l'exploitation de corpus. Les annotations adoptent deux points de vue complémentaires : une perspective ascendante part d'unités de discours minimales pour construire des structures complexes via un jeu d...

Backgrounding relations play a crucial role in discourse and occur frequently in both written and oral corpora. These relations come in two flavors: either the background is introduced after or before the foreground (respectively Backgroundbackwardand Backgroundforward). In Segmented Discourse Representation Theory or SDRT (Asher, Lascarides, 2003)...

The purpose of this paper is to examine different modelling strategies available in a multiplicative formal ontology, and the principles that drive their choice. This study is based on the results of recent work aiming at extending the foundational ontology DOLCE to grasp two quite different notions, that of artefact and that of role. These results...

This paper analyzes systematic cases of revision of the discourse structure entailing a modification of the right frontier. We show that the coordinating or sub- ordinating nature of discourse relations plays a major role in this revision, examining in particular a rela- tion typical in narratives, Result, as well as a family of dialogues relations...

Despite a growing interest for space in language, most research has focused on spatial markers specifying the static or dynamic relationships among entities (verbs, prepositions, postpositions, case markings…). Little attention has been paid to the very properties of spatial entities, their status in linguistic descriptions, and their implications...

The aim of this paper is to propose two formal solutions to a well- known problem in the recent philosophical literature called the Video Game puzzle. The Video Game puzzle was introduced by Michael Bratman in the 80's and then became a challenge for any theory of intention and action. A few approaches to this puzzle have been dis- cussed in philos...

That language hosts a multiplicity of part-whole relations is largely accepted, but no complete formal account is currently available. We first show how most distinctions between part-whole relations can be explained by considering the ontological categories of the arguments. We then focus on “Component-integral whole” (CIW), a most important but f...

This chapter presents the results from a pointing task that examined French adult’s processing of Internal Localization Nouns (ILNs), with particular attention to avant ('front') and devant ('front surface'). Performance in this task shows that the parameters governing the frontal orientation(s) implied by these markers ("static function", "dynamic...

Context a?ects a wide range of activities in humans and animals as well as in arti?cialagentsandothersystems.Theimportanceofcontextiswidelyackno- edged, and “context” has become an area of study in its own right, as evidenced bynumerousworkshops,symposia,seminars,andconferencesonthisarea.CON- TEXT,theoldestconferenceseriesfocusing oncontext,is uniq...

As far as we know, there is no multi-agent system allow- ing to talk both about choices of agents or groups of agents, strate- gies, and about sufficiently rich actions. This paper aims at offering a path towards a new more expressive logical framework by mix- ing a STIT-like logic of agency with a PDL-like logic of action. We present the syntax an...

A variety of disciplines and research areas have separately studied the no- tions of action, agents and agency, but no integrated and well-developed formal ontol- ogy for them is currently available. This paper is a first atte mpt at bridging this gap, focusing especially on the relationship between agency and action. The departure point is STIT lo...

This article analyses Locating Adverbials (LAs) such as unpeuplustard, cematin, deuxkilomètresplusloin (, , ) when they are dislocated to the left of the sentence (IP Adjuncts cases). Although not discourse connectives, in such a position, they seem to play an important part in structuring discourse. It is this contribution of LAs to discourse that...

This paper studies the distinction between subordinating and coordinating discourse relations, a distinction that governs the hierarchical structure of discourse. We provide linguistic tests to clarify which discourse relations are subordinating and which are coordinating. We argue that some relations are classified as subordinating or coordinating...

In this paper we present and compare two different approaches to the notion of relational role and connected issues. Both approaches are based on the introduction of the notion of qua-individual and on the reification of relations. We use a classical problem in the literature on roles, namely the counting problem, as testbed, and we show how the tw...

While previous linguistic and psycholinguistic research on space has mainly analyzed spatial relations, the studies reported in this paper focus on how language distinguishes among spatial entities. Descriptive and experimental studies first propose a classification of entities, which accounts for both static and dynamic space, has some cross-lingu...

This paper offers two main contributions. On the one hand, it establishes a general formal framework for developing a foundational ontology of socially constructed entities, in the broadest sense of this notion; on the other hand, it further contributes to understanding the ontological nature of roles. The key choice here is to put all social entit...

This paper deals with the way temporal connectives affect Temporal Structure as well as Discourse Structure in Narratives.

This paper considers natural language dialogue from the analysis point of view, by combining a formal semantics approach to a rhetorical analysis of discourse. Dynamic formal semantics allows us to study utterances in context. We can thus deal with problems also found in monologues such as anaphoric references. Moreover it helps explain how common...

This paper was written as part of the `Sources and Streams of Information' project, sponsored by the Dutch Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). I would like to thank Maria Aloni for her comments. 1

This paper deals with the way temporal connectives affect Temporal Structure as well as Discourse Structure in Nar-ratives. It presents a contrastive study of French connectives puis (then, after-wards) and un peu plus tard (a bit later) within the framework of Segmented Discourse Representation Theory. It shows that puis is a marker of the Narra-t...

This study examines the properties of French locating adverbials at several levels. The syntactic structure of these elements is analyzed just as the complex interactions between their position in the sentence and their semantic contribution. Focusing on the position of adjunct of the verb phrase, we show that the semantic content of the considered...

In qualitative spatial reasoning, the last ten years have brought a lot of results on theories of spatial properties and relations taking regions of space as primitive entities. In particular, the axiomatization of mereotopologies has been extensively studied. However, properties of space such as divisibility, density and atomicity haven’t attracte...

Space, like time, is one of the most fundamental categories of human cognition. It structures all our activities and relationships with the external world. It also structures many of our reasoning capabilities: it serves as the basis for many metaphors, including temporal, and gave rise to mathematics itself, geometry being the first formal system...

Space, like time, is one of the most fundamental categories of human cognition. It structures all our activities and relationships with the external world. It also structures many of our reasoning capabilities: it serves as the basis for many metaphors, including temporal, and gave rise to mathematics itself, geometry being the first formal system...

In this chapter, we assume that systematically studying spatial markers semantics in language provides a means to reveal fundamental properties and concepts characterizing conceptual representations of space. We propose a formal system accounting for the properties highlighted by the linguistic analysis, and we use these tools for representing the...

Mereological and topological notions of connection, part, interior and complement are central to spatial reasoning and to the semantics of natural language expressions concerning locations and relative positions. While several authors have proposed axioms for these notions, no one with the exception of Tarski [18], who based his axiomatization of m...

Cet article décrit une approche dynamique de l'interprétation du discours qui s'intéresse plus particulièrement au calcul de la structure spatio-temporelle des textes. Le cadre théorique choisi est la Théorie des Représentations Discursives Structurées, une extension de la DRT qui rend compte à la fois de la sémantique et de la pragmatique du disco...

It is essential that models of physical processes express the available knowledge as faithfully as possible, without enforcing any artificial precision that may induce arbitrariness in the resulting inferences or decisions. Some relatively recent tools developed in artificial intelligence specifically address the representation and treatment of spa...

In this paper, we present a theory of space as a framework for spatial reasoning. We believe this formalism is useful for representing geographic space, at least when two constraints are present: a necessity to reason qualitatively over spatial information, and a lack of precise, homogeneous spatial data. This theory is based on mereology, an axiom...

This paper proposes some formal tools for representing the semantic content of French expressions referring to space. These tools consist of first, a relational --or qualitative--geometry encompassing topology, distance notions and projective geometry, as well as temporal notions, thus constituting a rather complete theory of naive space-time; and...

This paper proposes some formal tools for representing the semantic content of French expressions referring to space. These tools consist of first, a relational –or qualitative– geometry encompassing topology, distance notions and projective geometry, as well as temporal notions, thus constituting a rather complete theory of naive space-time; and s...

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Este trabajo tiene como objetivo la elaboración de una semántica formal de las expresiones del Lenguaje Natural referidas al espacio. La semántica de las expresiones espaciales del LN tiene que integrar los diferentes aspectos que concurren a la formación de su significado. Como ponemos de relieve en el análisis de las preposiciones ‘dans’ (en) y ‘...

It is well known that verb phrases can be classified into lexical as-pectual classes, the most popular ones being: activity (e.g., run), state (e.g., sit), accomplishment (e.g., climb a mountain) and achievement (e.g., reach the summit). Although existing formal theories and logics of actions only consider telic actions, that is, accomplishments an...