Laura A Wyness

Background: Pomegranate extract (PE) provides a rich and varied source of biophenols, which can act as powerful antioxidants. The most abundant being ellagitannins, anthocyanins, and ellagic and gallic acid derivatives.. Evidence suggests that pomegranate juice consumption may alleviate cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. This exploratory st...

It is important that the general public and health care professionals are more aware of the impact that diet and lifestyle can have on liver health.

Objective: To assess nutrient intake of children who buy lunch in school, outside school, or bring a packed lunch to school, and compare this with the nutrient standards. Methods: Secondary school pupils aged 11-14 years (n 332) from two secondary schools in Fife, Scotland, were asked to complete food diaries for a period of five days (Monday to Fr...

Red meat has been an important part of the human diet throughout human evolution. When included as part of a healthy, varied diet, red meat provides a rich source of high biological value protein and essential nutrients, some of which are more bioavailable than in alternative food sources. Particular nutrients in red meat have been identified as be...

A healthy diet around pregnancy and breastfeeding, which provides adequate nutrients for the mother and her developing baby, is important to ensure optimal health for both. Suboptimal nutrient intakes-or intakes that are too high-can have a detrimental impact on the mother and her infant in both the short and long term. Even with a healthy diet, su...

There has been a growing interest in fatigue as an early marker of age-related decline in health and functional abilities (1). Fatigue has been associated with poor functional performance and has been shown to be predictive of functional decline in older adults (2) , however there is little published research linking fatigue to sarcopenia and resul...

Background: Pomegranate extract (PE) provides a rich and varied source of biophenols, which can act as powerful antioxidants. The most abundant being ellagitannins, anthocyanins, and ellagic and gallic acid derivatives.. Evidence suggests that pomegranate juice consumption may alleviate cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. This exploratory st...

The prevalence of reported cases of asthma and allergic disease has seen a marked increase throughout the world since the 1960s, particularly in more developed, westernised countries. A key focus of research in this area has been the possible adverse effects of foetal and infant exposure to food allergens. There is some evidence that foetal and inf...

Maternal body weight and diet quality, even pre-pregnancy, can affect the uterine environment, birth weight and the baby's subsequent health into adulthood. This article briefly discusses dietary and nutritional advice for women around pregnancy. However, some groups of women may be particularly vulnerable to suboptimal nutrition and therefore may...

A new British Nutrition Foundation (BNF) Task Force report has been published, which looks in detail at the impact of early life nutrition on health and the risk of diseases in later life, including obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, bone health, allergic disease and cognitive function. One of the aspects that the report covers in d...

This Task Force report reviews the evidence that the seeds of many adult diseases are sown in utero and in infancy. The report, written by experts in the field, summarises current knowledge in this area. It illustrates how early life nutrition can bring about changes in organ development and function, thus programming risk of disease in adult life....

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing in the UK and worldwide. Before the onset of T2DM, there are two conditions characterised by blood glucose levels that are above normal but below the threshold for diabetes. If screening for T2DM in introduced, many people with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) will be found and it is n...

Beef-related health scares have, in the past, played a role in decreased consumer confidence in purchasing beef in developed countries. Beef that is safe, nutritious and of good eating quality is of increasing importance to beef consumers. Over the past 5 years, research has been carried out in the ProSafeBeef project to develop technologies and/or...

To describe the UK Food Standards Agency's (FSA) salt reduction programme undertaken between 2003 and 2010 and to discuss its effectiveness. Relevant scientific papers, campaign materials and evaluations and consultation responses to the FSA's salt reduction programme were used. Adult salt intakes, monitored using urinary Na data collected from UK-...

This paper provides an update of a previous review ‘Red Meat in the Diet’ published in the Nutrition Bulletin in 2005. An update on red meat consumption levels in the UK and other countries is provided, and a summary of the nutritional content of red meat in the diet is given. Current evidence on dietary and lifestyle factors associated with red me...

This paper aims to explore hospital consultants' social identification, in terms of perceptions of their position in society, the salient targets for their social identification and how this appears to influence their perceptions of management activities and change. A purposeful sample of 15 hospital consultants from a wide range of specialities an...

SummaryA diet high in fruits and vegetables has been associated with a lower risk of some diseases, including cardiovascular disease. Besides food constituents, such as fibre or beta-carotene, other bioactive plant compounds such as polyphenols have been suggested to contribute to this protective effect. Apples are one of the most popular fruits in...

Water is essential for life and maintaining optimal levels of hydration is important for humans to function well. Water makes up a large proportion of our body weight (60% on average), distributed between the intracellular (inside cells) and extracellular (water in the blood and in between cells) compartments. Water is the major component of body f...

The number of people with type 2 diabetes is increasing at an alarming rate. Almost 4% of the UK population currently have diagnosed diabetes. Non-modifiable risk factors for diabetes include genetic predisposition, some black and ethnic minority groups and increasing age. Type 2 diabetes, (formally known as maturity onset diabetes), used to be a c...

A key constraint to achieving the MDGs is the absence of a properly trained and motivated workforce. Loss of clinical staff from low and middle-income countries is crippling already fragile health care systems. Health worker retention is critical for health system performance and a key problem is how best to motivate and retain health workers. The...

Description of the studies. This table provides a brief description of the studies included in the review.

As part of the REPROSTAT2 project, this systematic review aimed to identify factors associated with teenage pregnancy in 25 European Union countries. The search strategy included electronic bibliographic databases (1995 to May 2005), bibliographies of selected articles and requests to all country representatives of the research team for relevant re...

This paper analyses a case study of the re-organization of a regional orthopaedic service. The purpose of the research was to demonstrate the utility of a model of large system change through a retrospective analysis of how the re-organization was planned, managed and implemented. The theoretical framework for the retrospective analysis of the case...

There is growing concern globally at the current flows of nurse migration, particularly from low-income to middle and high-income countries. Recruitment practices of many countries such as Ireland are thought to be fuelling this rate of migration. This paper aims to establish the perceptions and opinions of those involved in the recruitment process...

A nutritional assessment method that is quick and easy to conduct would be extremely useful in a complex emergency, where currently there is no agreed practical and acceptable method. Hair pluckability has been suggested to be a useful method of assessing protein nutritional status. The aim was to investigate the reliability of the trichotillometer...

Decisions in Complex Emergencies: Methodology Towards Sufficient Valued Evidence - Volume 20 Issue S1 - P. Simkhada, J. Knight, L. Wyness, G. Reid

Assessing Adult Malnutrition during Complex Emergencies - Volume 20 Issue S1 - L. Wyness, J. Knight, G. McNiell

Conventional total hip replacement (THR) may be felt to carry too high a risk of failure over a patient's lifetime, especially in young people. There is increasing interest in metal on metal hip resurfacing arthroplasty (MoM) as this offers a bone-conserving option for treating those patients who are not considered eligible for THR. We aim to evalu...

Search strategies. The search strategies used to search electronic databases to identify studies relevant to this review.

This paper discusses the use of diary-keeping as part of an evaluation of a complex, community-based health promotion initiative, using the Mobile Information Bus (MIB) as an example. The MIB was designed to provide health and related information for living adolescents in rural areas of Northeast Scotland. The general strengths and limitations of d...

Injections of bulking agents can reduce stress incontinence, although it can cause complications and other options might be better Stress incontinence is losing urine when coughing, laughing, sneezing or exercising. Usually, muscles and tissue form a cushion supporting the pressure balance around the bladder. If they do not, artificial cushioning c...

To evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) in comparison with the standard surgical interventions currently used. Literature searches were carried out on electronic databases and websites for data covering the period 1966--2002. Other sources included references lists of relevant articles; selected exper...

The Grampian Mobile Information Bus (MIB) is a community-based intervention that provides health and related information for young people aged 1218 years living in rural areas in the north-east of Scotland. The MIB is a partnership project involving health and local authorities and voluntary organisations, and operates as a mobile outreach service...