Laura-Theresa Krüger

Universität Passau · Department für Governance und Historische Wissenschaft

As for many, the Arab uprisings of 2010–11 came as a surprise for France. After initial inactivity, followed by last minute support of the Tunisian regime, President Sarkozy took a U-turn by spearheading the military intervention in Libya and both Sarkozy and his successor Hollande announced a re-launch in the Franco-Tunisian relations. Starting fr...

When popular protests started in Tunisia in late 2010, few anticipated the implications these events would have for the entire Arab region. In the following years, this region witnessed deep changes, increased divisions, and even failing states. Meanwhile, Tunisia managed to assert itself as a new democracy. How did this small country manage its de...

Member states of the European Union (EU) often agree on common policies which are not legally binding and for which there is no enforcement. In these cases, policy networks arguably increase the capacity and political leverage for national compliance. Yet, vertical links between levels often remain weak, resulting in limited national adaptation. Ho...

Tunisia, the last survivor of the Arab Spring, succeeded in overcoming the troubles of the transition period. Societal cleavages, remnants of the ancient regime, assassinations, and political violence overshadowed its way, but could be overcome by both a common will to compromise and the political awareness of the civil society. However, did this a...

The Arab Spring challenges Europe as an international actor and puts the redefinition of European policies towards the Southern Mediterranean back on the agenda. To comprehend how European ‘actorness’ in the region has evolved since, we adopt the perspective of the target region. Our ‘perceptionist’ analytical framework draws on concepts of foreign...