Laszlo T. Koczy

Budapest University of Technology and Economics · Department of Telecommunications and Media Informatics

Freeway networks, despite being built to handle the transportation needs of large traffic volumes, have suffered in recent years from an increase in demand that is rarely resolvable through infrastructure improvements. Therefore, the implementation of particular control methods constitutes, in many instances, the only viable solution for enhancing...

This paper deals with a novel fuzzy aggregation operator. This aggregation operator is suggested to such fuzzy signatures, where the correlation between the leafs or branches can not be handled by classical operators as weighted relevance aggregation operator or weighted generalized mean, more with fuzzy rules. This paper presents the suggested Fuz...

Scheduling and management of material handling in functional production system are among the biggest challenges of logistics. Among several methods, linear programming gives exact solution to these kinds of problems, however, linear programming is rigid and requires specially trained personnel to operate. Fuzzy logic based systems—besides they work...

In this paper we present our initial experiments with the Discrete Bacterial Memetic Evolutionary Algorithm for solving the Cumulative Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem. The algorithm was tested on instances proposed in the literature. However our method was able to find the optimal solution for small (around 50 nodes) instances, but its converge...

What is the role of symmetry in the seemingly far away topics of solving complex applied problems by approaches offered by Soft Computing and Computational Intelligence [...]

Similarity between two fuzzy values, sets, etc., may be defined in various ways. The authors here attempt introducing a general similarity measure based on the direct extension of the Boolean minimal form of equivalence operation. It is further extended to hierarchically structured multicomponent fuzzy signatures. Two versions of this measure, one...

Hybrid vehicles are gaining increasing global prominence, especially in the military, where unexpected breakdowns or even power deficits are not only associated with greater expense but can also cost the lives of military personnel. In some cases, it is extremely important that all battery cells and modules deliver the specified amount of capacity....

The aim of the present paper is to develop an integrated method that provides assistance to decision makers during packaging system planning, design, operation and evaluation from an environmental perspective. The role of the packaging system is to provide a cover for the handling and communication functions surrounding the product. Single-use and...

In this paper we analyze the efficiency of three TSP solver methods: the best-performing exact Concorde algorithm, the state-of-the-art inexact Helsgaun’s Lin–Kernighan heuristic and our Discrete Bacterial Memetic Evolutionary Algorithm (DBMEA). In our analysis the run time predictability was also taken into account, not only the tour quality and t...

Fuzzy Cognitive Maps are widely applied to support decision making tasks. It is often hard for experts to create the model of a system that provides the required accuracy but simple enough to easily use in practice. In general, it is better to create complex models first, because they can be computationally reduced later until they preserve the req...

In our paper we compare discrete memetic evolutionary metaheuristics (and other algorithms) which are applicable (also) for the widely studied and industrially applied (symmetric, Euclidean) NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem called Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) such as DBMEA (Discrete Bacterial Memetic Evolutionary Algorithm), DMTLBO (D...

In many real physical systems based fuzzy inference systems the rulebase is sparse thus interpolation or the change of the shape of the rules become necessary if the rulebase parameters are selected according to physical parameters of the systems. Often measurements contain noise and outlines which can draw the statistics of the measured data. In t...

Fuzzy cognitive maps are recurrent neural networks, applied for modelling and simulation of complex dynamic systems. They have been successfully applied to many engineering problems. The conclusion about the system depends on the mathematical behaviour of an iteration, namely, a first-order recursion. The first-order dynamics have some limitations...

Various Optical Character Recognition (OCR) methods, especially, machine learning models, work towards the solution of recognizing patterns in intelligent ways from data that is originally not available in digital format. These patterns are converted into data that a machine can recognize (by the proper algorithm) and can further manipulate for var...

In this paper we propose an image-based fingerprint recognition system. The method is based on Local Binary Pattern features extracted from the region of the fingerprint image around the core point. The experiments on the FVC2002 fingerprint databases show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Complex problems and systems, which prevail in the real world, cannot often be tackled and solved either by traditional methods offered by mathematics or even the traditional computer science (CS) and and artificial intelligence (AI)..). What is the way out of this dilemma? Advanced methodologies, and tools and techniques, „mimicking” human reasoni...

In the scientific community, the topic of traffic control for promoting sustainable transportation in freeway networks is a relatively new field of research that is becoming increasingly relevant. Sustainability is a critical factor in the design and operation of mobility and traffic systems, which impacts the development of freeway traffic control...

There are many factors that affect the performance of the evolutionary and memetic algorithms. One of these factors is the proper selection of the initial population, as it represents a very important criterion contributing to the convergence speed. Selecting a conveniently preprocessed initial population definitely increases the convergence speed...

The process of traffic control systems significantly relies on the immediate detection of breakdown states. As a result of their crisp (non-fuzzy) based calculation procedures, conventional traffic estimators and predictors cannot effectively model traffic states. In fact, these methods are characterized by exact features, while traffic is defined...

Complex systems can be effectively modelled by fuzzy cognitive maps. Fuzzy cognitive maps (FCMs) are network-based models, where the connections in the network represent causal relations. The conclusion about the system is based on the limit of the iteratively applied updating process. This iteration may or may not reach an equilibrium state (fixed...

Fuzzy cognitive maps (FCM) have been broadly employed to analyze complex and decidedly uncertain systems in modeling, forecasting, decision making, etc. Road traffic flow is also notoriously known as a highly uncertain nonlinear and complex system. Even though applications of FCM in risk analysis have been presented in various engineering fields, t...

The increase of the classification accuracy level has become an important problem in machine learning especially in diverse data-set that contain the outlier data. In the data stream or the data from sensor readings that produce large data, it allows a lot of noise to occur. It makes the performance of the machine learning model is disrupted or eve...

This paper deals with the flow shop scheduling problem. To find the optimal solution is an NP-hard problem. The paper reviews some algorithms from the literature and applies a benchmark dataset to evaluate their efficiency. In this research work, the discrete bacterial memetic evolutionary algorithm (DBMEA) as a global searcher was investigated. Th...

Traffic congestion causes significant economic and social consequences. Instant detection of vehicular traffic breakdown has a pivotal role in intelligent transportation engineering. Common traffic estimators and predictors systems need traffic observations to be classified in their binary-set-nature computation methods which are unable to be an ef...

The creation of the initial population is an essential part of the population based evolutionary algorithms. An appropriate initial population could lead to much faster convergence speed; in contrast, an inappropriate initial population could even cause getting stuck in a local optimum. In this paper, we will propose a new efficient heuristic metho...

In the following study the effects of two image preprocessing methods, namely Gaussian filtering and Wiener filtering, is studied on the results of a fuzzy inference method previously developed by the authors, for determining whether a colonoscopy picture segment contains any colorectal polyp. As earlier results show that less blurry, less compress...

The authors have already presented their method for reducing oversized FCM models, and also have analyzed the prediction error of the reduced models. These investigations assumed that models have a single fixed-point attractor. The novelty of this paper is that it deals with the stability behavior of the fixed-point attractor value of original-redu...

The automatic detection of colorectal polyps could serve as a visual aid for gastroenterologists when screening the population for colorectal cancer. A fuzzy inference based method was developed for determining whether a segment of an image has polyps. Its antecedent dimensions were the mean pixel intensity, the intensity’s standard deviation, the...

In our fast-growing world, we need to create increasingly efficient systems to ensure further growth and sustainability. This also applies to transportation, where a key limitation is the bottle-necks of road network capacity. To eliminate, or at least, to moderate these bottlenecks, they must first be localised. In this case study, a model is prop...

Fuzzy signatures have been used for various applications, including medical diagnosis, communication of robots based on intention guessing, and residential building evaluation. However, there exist many questions about this research topic which have not been addressed in the literature. One of the most important aims is to formally define a family...

Globalization and its challenges for organizations led to the understanding that employees can be a critical factor contributing to the organization’s performance. Therefore, various studies sought to understand employee’s behaviour that in itself encompasses various forms of engagement. One of the constructs defining engagement is citizenship beha...

Atanassov’s intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) described the uncertainty of real-life events with the help of a membership and a non-membership degree. However, human opinion cannot be restricted to yes or no but there is some abstinence and refusal degree as well. In such cases, picture fuzzy set (PFS) is a suitable solutioin which described the absti...

In modern logistics, companies and packaging engineers have to make decisions to find the optimal sustainable product-packaging system with adequate protection. The decision most often involves a decision option between disposable (single-trip) and reusable (returnable) packaging solutions. In practice, in most cases, this decision is based on hist...

Fuzzy cognitive maps are recurrent neural networks, where the neurons have a well-defined meaning. In certain models, some neurons receive outer input, while other neurons produce the output of the system. According to this observation, some neurons are categorized as input neurons and the others are the state neurons and output neurons. The output...

This study compares three fuzzy based model approaches for solving a realistic extension of the Time Dependent Traveling Salesman Problem. First, the triple Fuzzy (3FTD TSP) model, where the uncertain costs between the nodes depend on time are expressed by fuzzy sets. Second, the intuitionistic fuzzy (IFTD TSP) approach, where including hesitation...

Fuzzy grey cognitive maps (FGCMs) are extensions of fuzzy cognitive maps (FCMs), where the causal connections between the concepts are represented by so-called grey numbers. Just like in classical FCMs, the inference is determined by an iteration process, which may converge to an equilibrium point, but limit cycles or chaotic behaviour may also sho...

In this paper we revisit the memetic evolutionary family of metaheuristics, called Discrete Bacterial Memetic Evolutionary Algorithm (DBMEA), whose members combine Furuhashi's Bacterial Evolutionary Algorithm and various discrete local search techniques. These algorithms have proven to be efficient approaches for the solution of NP-hard discrete op...

This study proposes a new model and approach for solving a realistic extension of the Time-Dependent Traveling Salesman Problem, by using the concept of distance between interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets. For this purpose, we developed an interval-valued fuzzy degree repository based on the relations between rush hour periods and traffic re...

The evaluation of data obtained from responses given to questionnaires in humanities and social sciences, such as management, linguistics, etc. is a complex task with the necessity of dealing with the inherent subjectivity and vagueness in such data. In this paper, a method based on fuzzy signatures (FSigs), suitable for analyzing questionnaires wi...

The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is an NP-hard graph search problem. Despite having numerous modifications of the original abstract problem, Time Dependent Traveling Salesman Problem (TD TSP) was one of the most realistic extensions under real traffic conditions. In TD TSP the edges between nodes are assigned higher costs (weights), if they wer...

Fuzzy grey cognitive maps (FGCMs) are extensions of fuzzy cognitive maps (FCMs), applying uncertain weights between the concepts. This uncertainty is expressed by so-called grey numbers. Similarly to FCMs, the inference is determined by an iteration process, which may converge to an equilibrium point, but limit cycles or chaotic behaviour may also...

In this paper we present our test results with our memetic algorithm, the Discrete Bacterial Memetic Evolutionary Algorithm (DBMEA). The algorithm combines the Bacterial Evolutionary Algorithm with discrete local search techniques (2-opt and 3-opt).

In the field of logistics packaging (industrial-, or even customer packaging), companies have to take decisions on determining the optimal packaging solutions and expenses. The decisions often involve a choice between one-way (disposable) and reusable (returnable) packaging solutions. Even nowadays, in most cases the decisions are made based on tra...

If the antecedents of a fuzzy classification method are derived from pictures or measured data, it might have too many dimensions to handle. A classification scheme based on such data has to apply a careful selection or processing of the measured results: either a sampling, re-sampling is necessary or the usage of functions, transformations that re...

Residential buildings can be qualified and ranked based on many viewpoints. For the intervening decision-supporting survey of old residential buildings in the course of our former researches we have created a fuzzy signature based model which defines status evaluation and ranking of buildings on the basis of the condition of load-bearing structures...

In the measurement of microgeometrical surfaces it is useful if the same location can be found on a surface for two or more different and independent measurements, as in this case not only statistical parameters of the measurements can be compared, but direct differences can be calculated. Honing is a typical surface processing method resulting in...

In the field of logistics packaging (industrial-, or even customer packaging), companies have to take decisions on determining the optimal packaging solutions and expenses. The decisions often involve a choice between one-way (disposable) and reusable (returnable) packaging solutions. Even nowadays, in most cases the decisions are made based on tra...

Fuzzy Cognitive Maps are network-like decision support tools, where the final conclusion is determined by an iteration process. Although the final conclusion relies on the assumption that the iteration reaches a fixed point, it is not straightforward that the iteration will converge to anywhere, since it can produce limit cycles or chaotic behaviou...

A set of answers to questions to employees of various companies in Lithuania may refer to various positive and negative aspects of the attitudes of employees. These are called Organizational Citizenship Behavior (positive) and Counterproductive Work Behavior (negative). The components in the answers may be grouped by expert knowledge, and by statis...

This book highlights a broad range of modern information technology tools, techniques, investigations and open challenges, mainly with applications in systems research and computational physics. Divided into three major sections, it begins by presenting specialized calculation methods in the framework of data analysis and intelligent computing. In...

This book combines computational intelligence and mathematics to solve theoretical and real-world problems. The real challenges of engineering and other applied sciences, e.g. economics and management, the social sciences, etc., and even everyday life, are increasingly raising complex problems – both in the usual sense, but also in the mathematical...

In this paper we analyze the efficiency of the state-of-the-art methods for solving two TSP variants, the Traveling Salesman Problem with Time Windows and one-commodity Pickup-and-Delivery Traveling Salesman Problem. Three models (polynomial, exponential, square-root exponential) were fitted to the mean run times of each method. The parameters of t...

Fuzzy cognitive maps (FCMs) are recurrent neural networks applied for modelling complex systems using weighted causal relations. In FCM-based decision-making, the inference about the modelled system is provided by the behaviour of an iteration. Fuzzy grey cognitive maps (FGCMs) are extensions of fuzzy cognitive maps, applying uncertain weights betw...

FuzzyRuleInterpolation(FRI)providesaninterpretabledecisioninsparsefuzzyrulebasedsystem.Theobjectiveofthisworkistoestablishamathematicaldemonstrationofthepat-ternofexistingfuzzyrulebaseusingfuzzygeometry.Thoughseveralauthorscontributedonfuzzyrulebaseinterpolationbutthereisaneedtogenerateclosedmathematicalformofinterpolatingpattern.Thepresentworkisan...

The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is one of the most extensively studied NP-hard graph search problems. Many researchers published numerous approaches for quality solutions, applying various techniques in order to find the optimum (least cost) or semi optimum solution. Moreover, there are many different extensions and modifications of the origin...

Fuzzy cognitive maps (FCMs) are recurrent neural networks applied for modelling complex systems and structures. In this method, the system is represented by a weighted, directed digraph, where the nodes of the network represent the main characteristics of the modelled system, while the weighted and directed edges correspond to the direction and str...

INES 2019 conference 23rd IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Engineering Systems 2019 April 25-27 2019 Gödöllő, Hungary

To interpret and to process the answers to questionnaires with large amount of questions may be not easy task. They are multidimensional data, sometimes with high dimensionality (in the hundreds). Therefore, it is necessary that some data reduction approach should be employed. On the other hand, answers to specific questions in questionnaires are i...

Protein phase transition can generate non-membrane bound cellular compartments, which can convert from liquid-like to solid-like states. While the molecular driving forces of phase separation have been largely understood, much less is known about the mechanisms of material-state conversion. We apply a recently developed algorithm to describe the we...

This paper is part of research in developing a competency-based assessment system for mathematics in Indonesian elementary school environment. An essential task is to accurately classify questions based on competency and difficulty level. Thus, an expert system is needed to classify those questions since competency information is often manually def...

In our paper we compare discrete memetic evolutionary metaheuristics what are applicable for the widely studied and industrially applied (symmetric, euclidean) NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem called Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) such as DBMEA (Discrete Bacterial Memetic Evolutionary Algorithm), DMTLBO (Discrete Memetic Teaching-Learni...

Polyps in the colorectal part of the bowel appear often, and in many cases these polyps can develop into malign lesions, such as cancer. Colonoscopy is the most efficient way to study the inner surface of the colorectum, and doctors usually are able to detect polyps on a motion picture diagnostic session. However, it is useful to have an automated...

In this paper we present a population based metaheuristic for solving the Minimum Latency Problem, which is the combination of bacterial evolutionary algorithm with local search techniques. The algorithm was tested on TSPLIB benchmark instances, and the results are competitive in terms of accuracy and runtimes with the state-of-the art methods. Exc...

The aim of the present paper is to develop an integrated method that provide assistance to decision makers during system planning, design, operation and evaluation. In order to support the realization of Circular Economy (CE) it is essential to evaluate local needs and conditions that help to select the most appropriate system-components and resour...

Fuzzy Cognitive Map (FCMs) is an appropriate tool to describe, qualitatively analyze or simulate the behavior of complex systems. FCMs are bipolar fuzzy graphs: their building blocks are the concepts and the arcs. Concepts represent the most important components of the system, the weighted arcs define the strength and direction of cause-effect rela...