László Hajba

University of Pannonia, Veszprém · Research Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering

This review summarizes the fundamental principles, basic methodologies, strength and weaknesses of capillary gel electrophoresis of proteins by providing both a short historical overview and highlighting new developments and applications in biopharmaceutical, biomedical as well as food and agriculture fields. The subsets of the method including nat...

Micropollutants are persistent and hazardous materials in low concentrations (ng L⁻¹–μg L⁻¹), including substances such as pharmaceuticals, personal care products and industrial chemicals. The advancement of analytical chemistry has allowed for the detection of micropollutants; however, an efficient and economical treatment solution is yet to be in...

This chapter discusses the instrumentation details including sample introduction methods, detection systems, and the effects of operation variables. In addition to the regularly used electrokinetic and hydrodynamic injection methods, sample stacking techniques and injection-related artifacts are also conferred. The most often used capillary electro...

This chapter is devoted to the basic principles of capillary gel electrophoresis with the corresponding theoretical treatments on the fundamentals of the electromigration process of biopolymers. Efficiency, selectivity, and resolution terms are all thoroughly conferred. Band broadening in capillary gel electrophoresis is an important issue influenc...

The application chapter gives numerous examples of the use of capillary gel electrophoresis (CGE) of nucleic acids, proteins, and complex carbohydrates also having a capillary affinity gel electrophoresis section. Separation examples of single- and double-stranded DNA molecules include DNA sequencing applications and restriction fragment analysis,...

This chapter provides a deep dive into separation matrix and capillary column technology. First, gels and polymer network systems are discussed, paying close attention to the structures and properties of cross-linked (chemical) gels as well as transitionally cross-linked sieving matrices. Another important approach in capillary gel electrophoresis...

Capillary electrophoresis-related microseparation techniques include ultrathin-layer gel electrophoresis and microchip gel electrophoresis. Since this latter can be a subject of another book, in this chapter we only discuss the former one. Analysis of DNA molecules was accomplished by ultrathin-layer gel electrophoresis in early sequencing applicat...

Micropollutants are persistent and hazardous materials in low concentrations (ng·L − 1 – µg·L − 1 ), including substances such as pharmaceuticals, personal care products and industrial chemicals. The advancement of analytical chemistry has allowed for the detection of micropollutants; however, an efficient and economical treatment solution is yet t...

In order to explain the different catalytic activity in hydrogenation of two new intermetallic Ni/Ga clusters, [Ga7](NiCp*)6 (1A) and [NiGa6](NiCp*)6 (1B) (Cp* = C5Me5), investigations of structure–function relationship have been performed based on Raman and infrared (IR) spectroscopy and theoretical (density functional theory [DFT] and normal coor...

Capillary Gel Electrophoresis and Related Microseparation Techniques covers all theoretical and practical aspects of capillary gel electrophoresis. It also provides an excellent overview of the key application areas of nucleic acid, protein and complex carbohydrate analysis, affinity-based methodologies, micropreparative aspects and related microse...

The market segment of new biological drugs (monoclonal antibodies, fusion proteins, antibody-drug conjugates and new modality protein therapeutics) is rapidly growing, especially after the patent expiration of the original biologics, initiating the emergence of biosimilars. N-glycosylation of therapeutic proteins has high importance on their stabil...

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is one of the most promising viral gene delivery vectors with long-term gene expression and disease correction, featuring high efficiency and excellent safety in human clinical trials. During the production of AAV vectors, there are several quality control (QC) parameters that should be rigorously monitored to comply wi...

Capillary electrochromatography (CEC) is a powerful hybrid separation technique that combines capillary electrophoresis and capillary chromatography, capable to address the analytical challenges of proteomics and glycomics. The focus of this paper is to review the recent developments in capillary electrochromatography of proteins and carbohydrates....

Absztrakt A krónikus obstruktív tüdőbetegség (COPD) világszerte előkelő helyet foglal el a morbiditási és mortalitási statisztikákban. A COPD megelőzhető és kezelhető betegség, kialakulásáért döntően a dohányzás tehető felelőssé. A prevenció kulcsfontosságú, de korlátozottan kivitelezhető, így a rizikó meghatározása és a korai noninvazív diagnoszti...

Vibrational spectroscopic study of crystalline copper hexacyanoferrate complexes of composition K4CuII6 [FeII(CN)6]4·nH2O (1) and CuII6[FeIII(CN)6]4·nH2O (2) with -Cu-N≡C-Fe- bridging structures have been performed. The cubic Fm m (Oh⁵) unit-cells contain ideally 4 Fe and 4 Cu ions which were calculated by periodic density functional theory (DFT) (...

Lung adenocarcinoma is one of the leading causes of mortality among cancer patients worldwide and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is also high in death statistics. In addition, patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have high risk for developing primary lung cancer. Prevention, risk estimation and a non-invasive dia...

New complexes of Pd(II) with cationic phthalimido-functionalized N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC), the cis-Diacetonitrile(chloro)[1-(2'-phthalamidoethyl)-3-methylimidazolin-ylidene]palladium(II) Hexafluorophosphate (and its CD3CN derivative) had been successfully used as catalyst in the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. This complex have been stu...

The carbohydrate moieties on the polypeptide chains in most glycoprotein based biotherapeutics and their biosimilars play essential roles in such major mechanisms of actions as antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, complement-dependent cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory functions and serum clearance. In addition, alteration in glycosylation m...

The recent expiration of several protein therapeutics opened the door for biosimilar development. Biosimilars are biologic medical products that are similar but not identical copies of already-authorized protein therapeutics. Critical quality attributes (CQA), such as post-translational modifications of recombinant biotherapeutics, are important fo...

The effect of air plasma exposure time on the surface energies and acid-base characteristics of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) particles was studied. Polymerized PDMS powder was radio frequency induced air plasma irradiated for 2–10 s with the power of 500 W. The efficiency of the plasma treatments was investigated by a new generation inverse gas chro...

Continuous-flow processing in the manufacturing of modern biotherapeutics represents a great potential and could significantly improve productivity and product quality as well as reduce operating costs. Microfluidic perfusion systems are not only capable for producing therapeutic proteins but also suitable for organ-on-a-chip based drug testing and...

New composite materials based on clay minerals had been prepared by reductive calcination. These materials exhibit very strong infrared (IR) emission at quite low temperatures. The structural properties and emission capabilities of the new materials have been studied by various theoretical and experimental methods. In addition, a brief overview of...

As a continuation of our previously published work, this paper presents a detailed evaluation of a microfabricated cell capture device utilizing a doubly tilted micropillar array. The device was fabricated using a novel hybrid technology based on the combination of proton beam writing and conventional lithography techniques. Tilted pillars offer un...

Capillary coatings effectively improve the separation performance of proteins in capillary electrophoresis, mainly by reducing protein adsorption onto the inner capillary wall and by regulating the electroosmotic flow (EOF) to accommodate the separation problem in hand. In the first part of this review the newest trends in dynamic and permanent cap...

Comprehensive carbohydrate analysis of glycoproteins from human biological samples and biotherapeutics are important from diagnostic and therapeutic points of view. This review summarizes the current state-of-the-art liquid phase separation techniques used in N-glycosylation analysis. The different liquid chromatographic techniques and capillary el...

Surface modification of the inner capillary wall in CE of proteins is frequently required to alter electroosmotic flow and to prevent protein adsorption. Manual protocols for such coating techniques are cumbersome. In this paper an automated covalent linear polyacrylamide coating and regeneration process is described to support long term stability...

The utilization of continuous-flow biochemical reactors, including biocatalysis, biotransformation, and biochemical interaction based flow-analytical systems, and enzyme reactors are recently the focus of attention to produce fine biochemicals and also show great potential in bioanalytical applications. Continuous-flow biochemical processes impleme...

Design, fabrication, integration and feasibility test results of a novel microfluidic cell capture device is presented, exploiting the advantages of proton beam writing to make lithographic irradiations under multiple target tilting angles and UV lithography to easily reproduce large area structures. A cell capture device is demonstrated with a uni...

A more general mass transport model of pressure retarded osmosis has been developed and will be presented in this lecture. Essential of this model is that it does not have any simplifications and/or neglects for description of the mass transport process. It takes into account the effect of the external boundary layers on both sides of the membrane,...

A microfluidic cell capture device was designed, fabricated, evaluated by numerical simulations and validated experimentally. The cell capture device was designed with a minimal footprint compartment comprising internal micropillars with the goal to obtain a compact, integrated bioanalytical system. The design of the device was accomplished by comp...

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the bloodstream are considered good indicators of the presence of a primary tumor or even metastases. CTC capture has great importance in early detection of cancer, especially in identifying novel therapeutic routes for cancer patients by finding personalized druggable targets for the pharmaceutical industry. Recen...

The polarization layer can strongly affect the separation process by pervaporation. This paper defines the overall mass transfer rates, involving the effect of both the polarization and the membrane layers, in cases of constant diffusion coefficient, variable diffusion coefficient and application of the Flory–Huggins theory. These rate equations en...

Novel organic–inorganic hybrid nanotubes containing silica and ethane (EtSNT), ethylene (ESNT) and acetylene (ASNT) units, as well as brominated ESNT (Br-ESNT) and glycine-modified Br-ESNT (Gly-ESNT) have been studied by IR and Raman spectroscopy. The results are compared with the spectral features for conventional silica nanotubes (SNT) and amorph...

The L-cysteine zwitterions in the orthorhombic crystal structure and in aqueous solution, including the deuterated isotopologues HSCD2CH(NH3 )COO, DSCH2CH(ND3 )COO, and DSCD2CH(ND3 )COO, have been studied by mid-infrared, far-infrared, and Raman spectroscopy. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed for an equilibrium molecular g...

The energy used for distillation in bioethanol production reaches the 40 % of the total energy demand. The pervaporation is an important alternative process to distillation that can be applied as a hybrid process or even as a single process to produce high quality biofuel. It will be shown how the energy demand, MJ/kg(Ethanol) energy, can be saved...

[Tetraamminecadmium(II)] bis(permanganate) (1) was prepd. and its crystal structure was elucidated with XRD-Rietveld refinement and vibrational spectroscopic methods. Compd. 1 has a cubic lattice consisting of a 3D hydrogen-bonded network built as four by four distorted tetrahedral blocks of [Cd(NH3)4]2+ cations and MnO4- anions, resp. The other fo...

Fuels from renewable sources such as biodiesel or bioalchohols are getting more attention also as blending components to fossil fuels and because of their less environmental impact. Stability and physico-chemical properties of different dieselalcohol blends were investigated by different composition. The solubility properties of the alcohols are ma...

Mid-infrared, far-infrared, and Raman vibrational spectroscopic studies were combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations and normal coordinate force field analyses for N,N′-dimethylurea (DMU), N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylurea (TMU), and N,N′-dimethylpropyleneurea (DMPU: IUPAC name 1,3-dimethyltetrahydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one). The equilibrium...

Cerium(III) fluoride (CeF3) nanoparticles were produced in aqueous solution by precipitation using cerium(III) excess and sulphate ions in order to assist the aggregation. This process was studied by dynamic light scattering in the solution. The nanonparticles (NPs) were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XR...

IR, Raman measurements, and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations have been carried out to describe and understand the structural and dynamic behavior of hydrated Pt2+ ion in water. The experiments have revealed strong red-shifted O–H bond frequencies and blue-shifted ligand deformation bands. The simulations have showed that the presence of the...

Mid infrared, far-infrared and Raman spectroscopic studies, combined with force field analyses, were performed for the hydrated platinum(II) and palladium(II) ions and cis-diammineplatinum(II) complex in acidic aqueous solutions. Simplified Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were made for the equatorial plane of the platinum complexes. Ca...

Cadmium(II) cysteinate compounds have recently been recognized to provide an environmentally friendly route for the production of CdS nanoparticles, used in semiconductors. In this article, we have studied the coordination for two cadmium(II) cysteinates, Cd(HCys)(2) x H(2)O (1) and {Cd(HCys)(2) x H(2)O}(2) x H(3)O(+)ClO(4)(-) (2), by means of vibr...

The strongly hydrogen bonded species (CH3)2SO...H3O+ formed in concentrated hydrochloric acid displays a new low energy feature in its sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectrum. Density Functional Theory-Transition Potential (DFT-TP) calculations reveal that the strong hydrogen bonding decreases the energy of the transitio...

Some seashells of the Philippine venus species and sea coral of Porites sp. were studied by means of FT-Raman, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Far-FTIR spectroscopic methods. The Raman spectra show that both Porites sp. and P. venus are of aragonite-structured CaCO3. Detailed spectral analysis, however, reveals some small differe...

Acetonitrile is easily oxygenated at ambient reaction conditions to copper(II) oxalate [Cu(bpy)(ox)] n mediated by copper(I) chloride in the presence of 3,5-di-tert-butylcatechol and 2,2'-bipyridine. In the case of other nitriles (e.g., propionitrile), instead, the unusual and selective 1,4-extradiol cleavage of 3,5-di-tert-butylcatechol occurs to...

Vibrational spectroscopic and force field studies have been performed of 15 related copper(II) chloride and copper(II) bromide compounds, including hydrated salts crystallizing in ternary aqueous systems with alkali and ammonium halides. For halocuprates with distorted octahedral coordination characteristic stretching Raman wavenumbers, correspondi...

Infrared, far-infrared and Raman spectra of Re2(O2CCH3)4X2 (X=Cl, Br) and Re2(O2CCD3)4Cl2 have been recorded. Assignments of the vibrational spectra of Os2(O2CCH3)4Cl2 and its deuterated derivative have been completed together with the Re complexes on the basis of normal-coordinate analysis. Force constant calculation was made for the acetate ion a...

Three generations of alpha,gamma-diaminobutyric acid modified poly(propyleneimine) dendrimers [DAB(AM)n, n = 4, 8, 16] containing 4, 8, 16 free amino groups were coupled with Boc-protected alpha,gamma-diaminobutyric acid (DABA) moieties in high yields. These modified dendrimers were deprotected and the chiral dendritic amines with 8, 16 and 32 amin...

Surface corrosion of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) based microwave digestion vessels was monitored by reflection FTIR and FT-Raman techniques. Samples were taken from digestion vessels after 0 (new), 50, 100, and 200 digestion cycles of milk powder. The spectrum of the new (unused) sample was subtracted from the spectra of used vessels in order to...

Infrared (IR), far-infrared (far-IR) and Raman spectra have been recorded of the hydrated lanthanide(III) trifluoromethanesulfonates, [Ln(OH2)9](CF3SO3)3, (Ln=La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu), and also for the deuterated [La(OD2)9](CF3SO3)3 compound. This has enabled complete assignments of all seven metal-oxygen stretching modes...

Vibrational spectra (IR, Raman, inelastic neutron scattering) were measured of natural wardite (ideal formula NaAl3(OH)4(PO4)2·2 H2O) from Trauira, Brazil, with the main impurities Fe and Ca. The spectra are discussed on the basis of a symmetry analysis restricted to one layer in the four-layer structure. The band pattern in the ν(OH) region is due...

Far-infrared spectra of the hexaaqua complexes, [M(OH2)6]n+, of divalent (MII=Mg, Zn, Cd and Hg) and trivalent (MIII=Al, Ga, In and Tl) metal ions in aqueous solution have been recorded. Together with existing or remeasured Raman spectra this has enabled a complete assignment for all six MO6 fundamentals for the first time. Force constant calculati...

Both neutral and ionic platinum complexes of (R)-N,N-bis(2-diphenylphosphinoethyl)-1-phenyl-ethylamine (PNP) were synthesised. In the reaction of PtCl2(PhCN)2 and PNP cis-PtCl2(η2-P,P-PNP) (1) was formed coordinating PNP as a P,P-bidentate ligand. Diastereotopic phosphorus atoms were observed in 31P NMR upon addition of SnCl2 to the parent complex...

Reaction of Re-2{mu-O2CC(CH3)(3)}(4)Cl-2 with [(CO)(5)M-CN]Na (M = Cr, Mo, W) leads to tetranuclear complexes of formula Re-2{mu-O2CC(CH3)(3)}(4)[-NC-M(CO)(5)](2) (M = Cr, Mo, W). These complexes were characterized by H-1-, C-13-, and Mo-95-NMR, IR and Raman spectroscopy, elemental analysis and examined by cyclic voltammetry. The applied methods sh...

however, an extra band at 1050 cm -1 (shoulder) starts to grow up. (After oven experiment of fresh bone a well defined splitting at 1047 and 1038 cm -1 occurs, presumably due to apatite transformation.) The relative intensities of 1102/1043 cm -1 and 604/565 cm -1 are also changed. Far-FTIR measurements also reveal changes in the lattice structure...

Vibrational spectra of (M(NCCH3)6) 2+ complexes (where M=Mn 2+ and Cu 2+ ) have been recorded involving (Mn(NCCD3)6) 2+ species. Complete assignments and force constant calculations have been performed. An interesting and useful phenomenon in coordination chemistry is the alteration of ligand vibrations upon coordination to different metal ions. In...