Lars Frantzen

• Master of Science
• Radboud University

This is a preprint of my PhD thesis. It is published as a preprint since it contains new and updated content that has not been published elsewhere so far, and some people want to cite it. The final version will contain several corrections from the reviewers and some additional content. The core theoretical results are all present in this preprint.

This special issue contains the revised and extended versions of three papers presented in the 4th Workshop on Advances in Model-Based Testing (A-MOST 2008). In addition to an executive summary of these three papers, this preface briefly reviews the papers published in the four editions of the A-MOST workshop. We hope that the reader will find this...

Increasing complexity and massive use of current web ser- vices raise multiple issues for achieving adequate service validation while sticking to time-to-market imperatives. For instance: How to automate test case generation and execution for stateful web services? How to realistically simulate web service related operation calls? How to en- sure c...

A Web Service is commonly not an independent software en- tity, but plays a role in some business process. Hence, it depends on the services provided by external Web Services, to provide its own service. While developing and testing a Web Service, such external services are not always available, or their usage comes along with unwanted side ef- fec...

The emergence of the Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is changing the way in which software applications are developed. A service-oriented application consists of the dynamic composition of autonomous services independently developed by different organizations and deployed on heterogenous networks. Therefore, validation of SOA poses several new...

In component-based development, the correctness of a system depends on the correctness of the individual components and on their interactions. Model-based testing is a way of checking the correctness of a component by means of executing test cases that are systematically generated from a model of the component. This model should include the behavio...

The starting point for Model-Based Testing is an implementation relation that formally defines when a formal model representing the System Under Test conforms to a formal model constituting its specification. An implementation relation for the formalism of Labelled Transition Systems is ioco. For ioco several test generation algorithms and test too...

This paper presents a case study on the use of formal methods in specification-based, black-box testing of a smart card applet. The system under test is a simple electronic purse application running on a Java Card platform. The specification of the applet is given as a Statechart model, and transformed into a functional form to serve as the input f...

Classical state-oriented testing approaches are based on simple machine models such as Labelled Transition Systems (LTSs), in which data is represented by concrete values. To implement these theories, data types which have infinite universes have to be cut down to finite variants, which are subsequently enumerated to fit in the model. This leads to...

Smart cards are used in critical application areas. This means that their software should function correctly. Formal methods are indispensable in obtaining high quality systems. This paper presents a case study on the use of formal methods in specification-based, black-box testing of a smart card applet. The system under test is a simple electronic...

A Web Service (WS) is a type of component specifically con- ceived for distributed machine-to-machine interaction. Interoperability between WSs involves both data and messages exchanged and protocols of usage, and is pursued via the establishment of standard specifications to which service providers must conform. In previous work we have en- visage...

The preceding parts of this book have mainly dealt with test theory, aimed at improving the practical techniques which are applied by testers to enhance the quality of soft- and hardware systems. Only if these academic results can be efficiently and successfully transferred back to practice, they were worth the effort.

Complex interactions between Web Services involve coordinated sequences of opera- tions. Clients of the provided services must be aware of the underlying coordination protocol to smoothly participate in such a coordinated setup. In this paper we discuss on a running example how such protocols may also serve as the input for Model-Based Testing of W...