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Publications (52)
This study examined physiological stress reactions-galvanic skin response (GSR) and heart rate-to an induced state of nomophobia (inability to use one's smartphone). A 2 x 2 experimental design was employed: half the participants received text message smartphone alerts that they could not answer; the other half silenced and put away their phones. H...
Internet and smartphone use has become problematic for teenagers who experience negative emotional, cognitive, and physical states during and after their use. A variety of definitions and classifications exist to explain this phenomenon including dependency, problematic use, and addiction. This chapter covers the extant research on Internet and sma...
Multitasking—or task switching—has become a necessary function of modern life. Multitasking with media is a common practice among young people, who report its ease yet perform worse on individual tasks when they attempt to multitask. Adolescent media multitasking may be both adaptive and maladaptive and include prosocial outcomes and/or negative me...
This study investigated how technology use impacts academic performance. A proposed model postulated that academic performance could be predicted by a cognitive independent variable—executive functioning problems—and an affective independent variable—technological anxiety or FOMO (fear of missing out)—mediated by how students choose to use technolo...
An online game, titled What's Her Face(book), was created and students from an Ivy League campus (as well as adults from the general population) were invited to play as many times as they wished. Each game lasted around 90 s during which individual friends were randomly selected from the participant's Facebook page and their profile photo displayed...
Many recent articles have explored various similarities and differences in work values and beliefs, most comparing two or maybe three generations in specific work domains such as schools, hospitals, and corporate workplaces. This chapter presents data that examine personal values, work values, and technology-related values across a large sample of...
Many recent articles have explored various similarities and differences in work values and beliefs, most comparing two or maybe three generations in specific work domains such as schools, hospitals, and corporate workplaces. This chapter presents data that examine personal values, work values, and technology-related values across a large sample of...
Objectives:
Sleep problems related to technology affect college students through several potential mechanisms including displacement of sleep due to technology use, executive functioning abilities, and the impact of emotional states related to stress and anxiety about technology availability.
Design:
In the present study, cognitive and affective...
Overuse of wireless mobile devices (WMDs) may be associated with a form of psychological dependency, of which a prominent feature may be anxiety arising from separation from these devices. College students, who are among the most avid consumers of WMDs, might be susceptible to the negative effects of WMD overuse. The present study examined anxiety...
Current approaches to measuring people’s everyday usage of technology-based media and other computer-related activities have proved to be problematic as they use varied outcome measures, fail to measure behavior in a broad range of technology-related domains and do not take into account recently developed types of technology including smartphones....
Current approaches to measuring people's everyday usage of technology-based media and other computer-related activities have proved to be problematic as they use varied outcome measures, fail to measure behavior in a broad range of technology-related domains and do not take into account recently developed types of technology including smartphones....
a b s t r a c t Electronic communication is emotionally gratifying, but how do such technological distractions impact academic learning? The current study observed 263 middle school, high school and university students studying for 15 min in their homes. Observers noted technologies present and computer windows open in the learning environment prio...
a b s t r a c t This study systematically tested whether the use of specific technologies or media (including certain types of Facebook use), technology-related anxieties, and technology-related attitudes (including multi-tasking preference) would predict clinical symptoms of six personality disorders (schizoid, narcissistic, antisocial, compulsive...
Studies associate media use with an increasing sleep deficit, but fail to provide an explanatory mechanism. This study proposed a path model to examine potential technological mechanism(s) disrupting sleep, focusing on whether sleep is disrupted biologically through melatonin suppression, psychologically through cognitive processes while viewing me...
Little research has investigated the emotional reactions to computer-mediated communication (CMC) messages. Since much of the emotional content of a message is conveyed through non-verbal cues (e.g., visual, tactile, kinesthetic), video-mediated communication promises a similar level of emotion-related communication as in face-to-face (F2F) interac...
The purpose of this study was to find out if 3D stereoscopic presentation of information in a movie format changes a viewer's experience of the movie content. Four possible pathways from 3D presentation to memory and learning were considered: a direct connection based on cognitive neuroscience research; a connection through immersion in that 3D pre...
The Net Generation has adopted textisms as shortcuts in electronic communication. Two studies investigated whether the reported use of textisms in daily electronic communication is related to the quality of writing. Seven hundred and eighteen young adults were queried about how often they used linguistic and contextual textisms, instant messaging,...
This study investigated whether changes in the technological/social environment in the United States over time have resulted in concomitant changes in the multitasking skills of younger generations. One thousand, three hundred and nineteen Americans from three generations were queried to determine their at-home multitasking behaviors. An anonymous...
Parent and teen MySpace user pairs completed online surveys administered in June (N = 266) and September 2006 (N = 341) to assess relationships between parenting styles and limit setting and monitoring of online behaviors, the prevalence of Internet dangers and pre-teen and teen MySpace behaviors. Cross-comparison measures of MySpace usage, parenti...
Online dating is unique in the pursuit of romance. The bond created between potential partners takes a different path than normal dating relationships. Online dating usually begins with a flurry of e-mail messages, each more intimate than the last. Traditional dating relationships that might take months to develop in the real world, take weeks or e...
A randomly sampled group of 213 California psychologists were interviewed to assess their use of practice technology and their general attitudes toward technology. Results indicated that (a) nearly 3/4 were using a computer in their practice; however, nearly all uses involved little more than word processing; (b) 1/4 had used a modem to connect to...
Adults and teenagers were surveyed to determine their use and ownership of 32 consumer, business, and entertainment technology devices. Demographics, technology experience, and “technophobia” were examined as potential discriminators between Confident Users, Hesitant Users, and Nonusers of each technological device. Results indicated that older, te...
This study compared the construct of computer anxiety in university students across ten countries. A factor analysis of the Computer Anxiety Rating Scale (CARS) produced a three-factor model of computer anxiety (Interactive Computer Learning Anxiety, Consumer Technology Anxiety, and Observational Computer Learning Anxiety) for students in seven uni...
Examined technological sophistication (TS) and technophobia (TP) among 3,392 1st-yr university students (65% female; mean age 20.9 yrs) in 23 countries. TS measures were use of consumer technology, university computing, and computer ownership. TP was assessed by measures of anxiety, cognitions, and attitudes toward computer technology. Age and gend...
Since Time named the microcomputer their “Man of the Year” in 1983 there has been a continued drive for public school teachers to become computer literate. A nationwide study concluded that although teachers have increased computer availability in their classrooms, they are not integrating computers into the standard curricula. The present study ex...
This study describes a longitudinal evaluation of the Computerphobia Reduction Program. This program, aimed at reducing psychological reactions to computers and technology, includes two individualized treatment modules and one group treatment module to fit different types of computerphobics. One hundred and sixty-two students (clients) began one or...
Computerphobics, Uncomfortable Computer Users, and Control Group subjects were interviewed on their retrospective computer and mechanical experiences, personality style, and media influence on the development of computer feelings. Results indicated that psychological reactions to early mechanical and computer experiences differed between the three...
Common beliefs about computerphobia were examined using meta-analytic techniques. Stringent screening criteria yielded 81 research reports with sample populations including college students, adults and business professionals, elementary/secondary students and teachers as well as postsecondary teachers. Results indicated that none of the six common...
Discussion of computerphobia among college students focuses on a model program, the Computerphobia Reduction Program, that was developed to reduce computerphobic reactions among students. Personality factors and computer experience are considered, computerphobia screening measures are described, program results are reported, and future directions a...
A 3-year project was undertaken to develop, implement, and evaluate a program to reduce computerphobic reactions among postsecondary education students. The Model Computerphobia Reduction Program was designed to screen potential computerphobic students in their computer courses at the beginning of a semester and invite them to participate in brief...
Five studies of over 450 university students presented a comprehensive picture of computer-phobia. Three research and clinically
based self-report instruments were developed to measure three nearly independent dimensions of computerphobia-computer anxiety,
computer attitudes, and computer cognitions and feelings. Results indicated that older studen...
The program development and first-year results of a 3-year U.S. Department of Education Fund for the Improvement of Postsecondary
Education (FIPSE) grant are described. The identification of computerphobics and the types of discomfort they experience are
defined. A clinically based 5-week model computerphobia reduction and skills-acquisition progra...
This report provides a comprehensive description and discussion of 5 years of activities supported by the National Institute of Mental Health for the Personnel for Parent Development Program designed to train mental health, social service and educational professionals to deliver specific types of group parent training services. The report details g...
The present paper examined the selection of processing heuristics for choice and judgment across a range of stimuli. Eye fixations
were monitored while six subjects made choices or judgments of pairs of gambles, vacations, or gifts. Each stimulus was represented
by three attributes that varied in the amount of dimensional interdependency. The two h...
Eye fixations were recorded while subjects chose their most preferred of six used cars. Fixation sequences of the form X-Y-X-...
were used to identify pair comparisons. This assumption was validated by verbal protocols and by a comparison between X-Y-X
and X-Y-X-Y-... patterns. The results of three experiments showed: (1) that the multialternative...