Larry D Haugh

University of Vermont | UVM · Department of Mathematics and Statistics

Acute ankle ligament sprains are treated with the use of controlled mobilization with protection provided by external support (eg, functional treatment); however, there is little information regarding the best type of external support to use. There is no difference between elastic wrapping, bracing, bracing combined with elastic wrapping, and casti...

This study explored whether artificial neural networks (ANN) can be used to quantify the motor-sensory relationship during postural disturbance. An ANN model was constructed with seven mechanical stimuli to the visual, vestibular and somatosensory systems (i.e., head angular and linear accelerations, eye-target distance, ankle joint rotation and ve...

To assess in healthy adults the validity and the inter- and intrarater reliability of the Internet-based Shaw Gait Assessment (SGA). Concurrent test-retest reliability and validity study with participants, 4 raters, and the Elite motion analysis system (used as the criterion standard). Motion analysis laboratory in a university physical therapy dep...

Although most would agree that stress radiography is an important research tool to evaluate the integrity of the ankle ligaments in studies of chronic ankle instability, there is little agreement with regard to the best technique to make these measurements. The primary objective of this study was to establish the most reliable method for measuring...

This study examined the possibility of using artificial neural network weights to quantify input–output relationship. We derived a first-order coefficient to calculate the relative contribution from the ith input to the kth output, called Qki. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation suggested that Qki depended on the magnitude, frequency and...

Four conditions (three orthoses, one no orthosis), full cross-over, randomized order, 12 subjects tested 3 months after a lumbar surgical arthrodesis. To assess whole torso and lumbar motions and comfort for each orthoses condition during performance of activities of daily living. Previous noninvasive studies measured whole torso (not just lumbar)...

Bounded-adjustment schemes have been developed to adjust processes subject to stochastic disturbances for the purpose of minimizing a criterion that includes adjustment costs. These schemes were generally formulated under the assumption that the standard deviation of the inherent white-noise component of the disturbances was known. This paper prese...

The Vermont knee laxity device (VKLD) was developed to evaluate anterior-posterior (A-P) displacement of the tibia relative to the femur (A-P laxity) during weightbearing and non-weightbearing conditions. The purposes of this study were to determine the repeatability and reliability of the VKLD measurements of A-P laxity and to compare them with tw...

Randomized controlled trial. To test the ability of an educational pamphlet to improve recovery in terms of pain, work status, and health care utilization after occupational low back injury. Low back pain and disability persist as occupational health problems of epidemic proportions. Because interventions based on biomechanical models have had limi...

Ninety-eight continuous postoperative epidurals were administered to 87 children. The patients were divided into two groups: group I included 63 cases in which a 0.0625-0.25% solution of bupivacaine was continuously administered; group II included 35 cases in which a similar solution of bupivacaine mixed with 2-10 micrograms of fentanyl was adminis...

Ninety-eight continuous postoperative epidurals were administered to 87 children. The patients were divided into two groups: group I included 63 cases in which a 0.0625-0.25% solution of bupivacaine was continuously administered; group II included 35 cases in which a similar solution of bupivacaine mixed with 2-10 mu g of fentanyl was administered....

Back-injured workers with high disability risk scores on a predictive questionnaire participated in a randomized, controlled trial of physician notification, with outcomes follow-up 3 months after injury. To test whether physician intervention improves return to work and self-assessment outcomes for people at relatively high risk for disability. On...

The effect of reconstruction of the anterior talofibular ligament with the Chrisman-Snook procedure on neutral zone laxity (anterior-posterior displacement at low loads) and flexibility (a measure of the nonlinear load-displacement response) of the ankle was investigated in vitro during the anterior drawer test. Neutral zone laxity was defined as t...

Review of the literature shows significant variation in the rates of recovery from an episode of low back pain (LBP). Two hundred and seven workers filing a “First Report of Injury” form with the Vermont Department of Labor and Industry were contacted 3 months post-injury to determine time until first return-to-work, work status, lost workdays, and...

Water content of fresh human lumbar intervertebral discs (with adjacent endplates) was assessed in three studies: 1) after each of seven specimen preparation steps. 2) during exposure to either saline spray or a saline bath, and 3) during exposure to a saline bath and 445 N axial compression, either without or with previous exposure to the bath and...

The rationale and methodology for estimating a mean with a fixed width confidence interval through sampling in three stages are extended to cover the additional problem of testing hypotheses concerning shifts in the mean with controlled Type II error. The coverage probability and operating characteristic function of the confidence interval based on...

In this investigation the complex multi-bundle structure of the cruciate ligaments and their interaction with the tibiofemoral joint was modeled analytically by representing the different regions of the cruciates with ligament elements. A sensitivity analysis was then performed to describe the effect that variations of the model input parameters ha...

An inception cohort design was used to study a consecutive sample of back-injured workers. To refine and to test the Vermont Disability Prediction Questionnaire's ability to indicate an individual's relative risk for chronic disability after occupational low back injury. Although most back-injured workers return to work quickly, the minority who do...

The relationship of Workers' Compensation and litigation to low back pain (LBP) outcome is not established in the literature. Our study investigated the characteristics of disabled persons applying for Worker's Compensation or employing a lawyer, the factors predicting receipt of compensation, and the effects of compensation and litigation on emplo...

Fick hypothesized in 1911 that the erector spinae muscles are not active when the trunk is in the fully flexed position. This effect was later called the flexion-relaxation phenomenon (FRP) and is believed to be the result of the ligaments and other passive elements of the spine taking over the load of the muscles. This study examined the effect of...

Confidence intervals provide a range of parameter values that would not be rejected if they were tested as null hypothesis values. Their length also signifies the precision of estimation. Fixed width confidence intervals are constructed to control the precision of estimation and, at the same time, to maintain a coverage probability close to the nom...

This article has reviewed numerous ways authors have attempted to classify acute LBP for purposes of understanding pathology and cause, managing treatment, and predicting outcomes. Presently, there is no consensus as to which variables should be used in classification or whether variables measuring different attributes should be combined. Of those...

A randomized prospective trial of manipulation, massage, corset and transcutaneous muscle stimulation (TMS) was conducted in patients with subacute low back pain. The authors determined the relative efficacy of chiropractic treatment to massage, corset, and TMS. Although all of these treatments are used for subacute low back pain treatment, there h...

Muscle fatigue and lack of endurance are complaints of persons with chronic low back pain, but there are no standard ways to assess endurance in this population. The purposes of this study were to examine three measures of endurance; to determine relationships of these measures to each other; and to describe effects of gender, obesity, smoking, and...

The authors performed an empirical prospective study of 115 patients referred to physical therapy for low back pain and 112 control subjects of similar age and gender. The authors defined and compared subgroups based on physical tests and described demographic and psychosocial characteristics by group. Prospective studies of intervention for person...

Many investigators who have studied the mechanical behavior of anterior cruciate-ligament grafts have attributed the increase in anterior translation of the tibia relative to the femur (an increase in the anterior laxity of the knee joint) to the temporal changes in the material behavior (strength and elastic properties) of the graft that occur thr...

Treatment outcomes for low back pain have been measured by varying standards of pain, impairment, and disability. This study examines the relationship between these three outcomes and treatment satisfaction in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP). Ninety CLBP patients underwent initial pain (VAS), impairment (PIS), and disability (OPQ) evalua...

A three-dimensional finite element model for a poroelastic medium has been coupled with a least squares parameter estimation method for the purpose of assessing material properties based on intradiscal displacement and reactive forces. Parameter optimization may be based on either load or displacement control experiments. In this paper we present t...

There have been many attempts to relate some aspect of surface electromyographic (EMG) activity with low back pain. Such a relationship might lead to simple, inexpensive, noninvasive screening for low back pain. Until recently, there was little conclusive evidence in the literature regarding a positive relationship of any surface EMG parameter with...

The swelling process that occurs in soft tissue is incorporated into a poroelastic finite element model. The model is applied to a spinal segment consisting of two vertebrae and a single intervertebral disc. The theory is an extension of the poroelastic theory developed by Biot and the model is an adaptation of an axisymmetric poroelastic finite el...

The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of an endurance exercise protocol on the isometric holding time of the trunk extensor muscles (mechanical fatigue measure) and on the recorded median frequency (MF) measurements from the surface electromyogram (physiological fatigue measure). Twenty-eight healthy female volunteers were selected to...

Developing methods for measuring and matching physical abilities of workers and physical requirements of job tasks can help prevent low back injuries and improve return-to-work rates of back-injured workers. The present study concerns the measurement and graphic depiction of isokinetic strength (in terms of force generated) in the sagittal plane. L...

Invasive electromyography (EMG) of the paraspinal muscles is useful in clinical and research settings. No technique for localization of the needle in specific fascicles has been validated. Recent descriptions of the segmented innervation of the multifidus imply that such a technique would add greatly to the EMG determination of root level of a radi...

A needle mounted strain gauge pressure sensor has been developed that has proven to be both accurate and reliable. It is a resistive strain gauge mounted on a pressure diaphragm which is exposed to pressure through a silicone window. The transducer is used in a Wheatstone bridge configuration and incorporates a dummy resister for temperature compen...

In each of eight thoracolumbar human cadaveric vertebrae, a hole was made through one pedicle into the vertebral body with a drill bit and through the contralateral pedicle with a probe. Identical metal screws were implanted into the holes to equal depths, and maximum pull-out force was determined for each screw. Using a paired Student t test, no s...

Nonionic radiographic contrast media are used frequently in diagnostic and interventional angiography. However, there is concern that they may possess thrombogenic properties, and some studies have suggested that patients receiving nonionic contrast media are difficult to systemically anticoagulate with intravenous heparin. To investigate the poten...

In each of eight thoracolumbar human cadaveric vertebrae, a hole was made through one pedicle into the vertebral body with a drill bit and through the contralatera1 pedicle with a probe. Identical metal screws were implanted into the holes to equal depths, and maximum pull-out force was determined for each screw. Using a paired Student t test, no s...

Ten patients with ovarian cancer refractory to conventional therapy were treated with intraperitoneal (i.p.) recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) and lymphokine-activated killer cells (LAK). The 28-day protocol consisted of 6 priming i.p. rIL-2 infusions on days 0, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12. Leukapheresis was performed for mononuclear cell collection on day...

Tasks requiring awkward postures are common in industry and no guidelines have been developed for 'good', or safe, postures. The present study compares nine different postures in terms of subjective assessments of discomfort. Subjects (five men and five women) maintained each of the postures for ten minutes, and provided discomfort ratings on a vis...

Body height changes are known to occur in response to changes in loads acting along the spine, such as those produced by movement from a recumbent to an upright posture. Lack of previously available data is addressed here by body height measurements closely spaced in time of ten normal subjects during 8 hours upright and 4 hours recumbent, with par...

This prospective study identifies physical, behavioral, and psychosocial correlates of subsequent employment status in a sample of low back pain patients. The sample of 150 subjects was drawn from 2 populations of persons with chronic low back pain: 87 individuals who were receiving care at a university low back pain clinic, and 63 individuals who...

Rectus abdominis muscles of young healthy female volunteers were studied to determine both the maximum strength in isometric flexion and the relation between the surface electromyogram (RMS EMG) and torque. Both the upper and lower portions of the abdominal muscle were studied during graded increase and decrease of torque. Repeated testing was perf...

Eighty-seven unemployed subjects with low back pain were recruited from an orthopedic back pain clinic and were given a battery of physical and psychologic tests. Subjects were contacted six months later to determine their current compensation status and whether they had returned to work. Age, length of time out of work, how much they had lifted in...

A community education program was designed to train the individual drinker to self-regulate his or her blood-alcohol concentration (BAC) below a level of impairment (.05 g/dl or 11 mmol/L). Drink calculators (cardboard wheels and wallet cards) were disseminated to customers of bars and licensed beverage outlets; bartenders and counter clerks were t...

The stability of thiocyanate (SCN) concentration in frozen saliva samples stored for up to one year was examined. Fifteen adult smokers and five adult nonsmokers each provided six saliva samples, which were analyzed in duplicate pairs after 0, 2, and 12 months of storage at -20 degrees C in airtight containers. No significant changes in average SCN...

Strain was measured in the normal anterior talofibular ligament (ATF) and the calcaneofibular ligament (CF) using Hall effect strain transducers in five cadaveric ankles. These measurements were made in both ligaments with the ankle in neutral position and with the foot moving from 10 degrees dorsiflexion to 40 degrees plantarflexion in an apparatu...

Trimetrexate (TMQ; NSC 352122) is a potent inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase with good activity against murine i.p.-implanted B16 melanoma and colon 26 tumors. Preclinical antineoplastic activity, demonstrated schedule dependency, and data suggesting effectiveness against methotrexate-resistant cells prompted a Phase I clinical and pharmacokinet...

Comparison was made between simultaneous recordings of the electromyogram (EMG) and acoustic myogram (AMG) signals and the torque produced by the lumbar erectores spinae muscles of three healthy subjects while they performed isometric contractions. Repeatability of each signal was studied. The AMG had a relationship to the torque which was more qua...

Vertebral transpedicular screws provide secure attachment for posterior spinal fixation devices. Screw design details, biomechanics, and implantation safety depend upon anatomic constraints, especially from the pedicle and body. Previous morphometric data were limited; thus, a retrospective study was undertaken using computerized axial tomograms (C...

Spinal motion usually is recorded from subjective observation of the fully flexed trunk using a goniometer or the distance from the fingertips to the floor. To quantify functional improvement in the low-back pain patient, the repeatability of four clinical techniques was studied: the common fingertip-to-floor distance; the modified Schober; the two...

The integrated surface electromyogram (IEMG) of the lumbar erectores spinae and the torque generated were simultaneously recorded from 27 healthy subjects in the standing posture while they pulled isometrically against resistance provided by a harness around the shoulders. The IEMG-torque ratio (efficiency of electrical activity, or EEA) was used t...

The noninvasive oscillometric measurement of blood pressure (BP) in preterm neonates has become a common practice in intensive care nurseries. The method has gained acceptance primarily through its correlation with direct arterial measurement. In this study, the oscillometric method (using Dinamap 1846) was compared with direct intra-arterial BP mo...

Tiazofurin is a novel C-nucleoside with significant antitumor activity in murine tumor models. In a phase I clinical trial, patients received tiazofurin by bolus iv infusion daily for 5 days. Six doses ranging from 550 to 4100 mg/m2/day were evaluated. Thirty-one treatment courses were initiated in 21 patients. Tiazofurin induced multiple, transien...

Weekly concentration data for total phosphorus and total suspended solids, as well as mean weekly flow, were studied for a period of 229 weeks (mid 1979 to late 1983) at one station in the LaPlatte River Watershed of Vermont. the autocorrelation patterns in these data and their stationarity in the mean are described via selection of univariate ARIM...

Thermography is reported to provide objective evidence of physiologic dysfunction in patients with low back pain and sciatica. This diagnostic test is appealing because it is painless, non-invasive, has no known adverse biologic effects, presents comprehensible graphic information, requires only a moderate investment in equipment, and should be an...

A new spinal implant has been designed and biomechanical testing completed, intended for application to "short-segment" spinal defects such as disc degeneration, fracture, spondylolisthesis, or tumor. Major improvements over currently available devices include: only 2-3 vertebrae are spanned, not 5-7 as with Harrington rods; true three-dimensional...

Objective assessment of the delivery of care requires an unambiguous record of all related events and decisions in the care process. Both the handwritten Problem-Oriented Medical Record (POMR) and its computerized successor, the Problem Oriented Medical Information System (PROMIS) have been designed to facilitate audit of care delivery. In this stu...

The assessment of the performance of electronic components in actual use is important to the manufacturers of these parts for many reasons. In this paper, we discuss the complexities involved in statistically estimating the reliability of computer components from field data on systems having different operating times. We also describe the operation...

Previous studies have produced conflicting reports about the possible relationship between the chewing and smoking of tobacco and the incidence of caries. This study identifies the total sugar and the fluoride concentrations of various forms of tobacco from different areas of the United States. This is the first part of an investigation of caries-p...

The clinical retention of a single application of a pit and fissure sealant was evaluated on the teeth of children to determine the influence that this protective coating, or its loss, would have on caries activity during a four-year period. The sealant was fully retained on 50% of all paired permanent teeth at 48 months. Of the 689 pit regions tha...

A time series {Yt} ‘causes’ another time series {Yt}, in the sense defined by C.W.J. Granger, if present Y can be predicted better by using past values of X than by not doing so, other relevant information (including the past of Y) being used in either case. In this paper we (1) classify the possible causality relationships between two series X and...

A time series {Yt} ‘causes’ another time series {Yt}, in the sense defined by C.W.J. Granger, if present Y can be predicted better by using past values of X than by not doing so, other relevant information (including the past of Y) being used in either case. In this paper we (1) classify the possible causality relationships between two series X and...

A methodology is introduced for identifying dynamic regression or distributed lag models relating two time series. First, specification of a bivariate time-series model is discussed, and its relationship to the usual dynamic regression model is indicated. Then, a two-stage identification procedure is presented which involves fitting univariate time...

Sera from seven animal species (rat, cow, cat, dog, human, rabbit, and hamster) were tested and found to inhibit the papain-catalyzed hydrolysis of alpha-N-benzoyl-L-arginine-p-nitroaniline-HCl (L-BAPA). The relative concentration of inhibitor in each serum sample was expressed in terms of its papain inhibitory capacity (PIC) defined as the number...

A double-blind crossover study was performed on 34 adult patients with perennial allergic rhinitis, using an aqueous solution of 4% cromolyn sodium or a placebo substance six times daily over a 4-wk period with daily documentation of both symptoms and use of symptomatic medications. All patients had markedly positive skin test reactions to at least...

A two-stage method is proposed for investigating the independence of two covariance-stationary time series. It involves, first, fitting univariate models to each of the series, and then cross-correlating the two residual series thereby obtained. The asymptotic distribution of such a set of lagged residual cross-correlations is established to be of...

For the study, 479 paired permanent teeth and 20 paired deciduous teeth were coated under controlled clinical conditions with Nuva-Seal. A red dye was added to assist in placement and subsequent evaluation over a two-year period. Eighty-four children (ages 10 to 14) participated in the study. Caries was evaluated 3, 6, 12, and 24 months later with...

The retention and loss of substance of a pit and fissure sealant over two years was evaluated in 84 children. Sealant was completely retained on 92% of all teeth at 3 months and on 69% of all teeth at 24 months. Retention was superior on premolars compared with molars, on second premolars compared with first premolars, and on first molars compared...

Mirofilm copy (positive). Thesis (statistics) - University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1972. Collation of the original: ix, l80a leaves : ill. Vita. Bibliography: leaves 179-180a.