Lakhveer Singh

Sardar Patel University, Mandi, HP

Algae Based Bioelectrochemical Systems for Carbon Sequestration, Carbon storage, Bioremediation and Bioproduct Generation explores the integration of carbon capture, storage and sequestration technologies with bioelectrochemical fuels cells (BEFC), showing how conventional technologies can be renovated to aid in the reduction in GHG emissions and s...

Herein, the synthesis, characterization, and adsorption performance of a novel green sulfur-doped carbon nanosphere (S-CNs) is studied to eliminate Cd (II) ions from water effectively. S-CNs characterization using techniques, including Raman spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron mic...

The mismanagement of consumer-discarded plastic waste (CDPW) has raised global environmental concerns about climate change. The COVID-19 outbreak has generated ∼1.6 million tons of plastic waste per day in the form of personal protective equipment (masks, gloves, face shields, and sanitizer bottles). These plastic wastes are either combustible or o...

Wastewater pollution is a worldwide concern, and wastewater treatment is gaining growing global attention. Electro-Fenton is a promising method for the treatment of wastewater containing organic pollutants. This work offers an overview and bibliometric analysis of research on electro-Fenton treatment of wastewater. The literatures, consisting of 18...

Herein, the synthesis, characterization, and adsorption performance of a novel green sulfur-doped carbon nanosphere (S-CNs) is studied to eliminate Cd (II) ions from water effectively. S-CNs characterization using techniques, including Raman spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron mic...

As the demand for sustainable energy sources continues to rise, the need for efficient and reliable energy storage systems becomes crucial. In order to effectively store and distribute renewable energy, new and innovative solutions must be explored. This review examines the deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as a green, safe, and affordable solution for...

Heavy metals represent a considerable threat, and the current study deals with synthesizing a novel MOF nanocomposite by intercalating graphene oxide (GO) and linker UiO-66-NDC. It was shown that UiO-66-NDC/GO had enhanced the removal efficiency of Pb (II) ions at pH 6. The adsorption kinetics data followed the PSO (Type 2) representing chemisorpti...

Green hydrogen, which is produced by using renewably generated electricity that splits water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen, holds significant promise to meet global energy demand while contributing to climate action goals. Currently, the production of green hydrogen is not yet economical or efficient enough. The key to solving this problem is...

Landfilling is the globally adopted, low cost approach for disposing municipal solid waste. Landfilling contributes to environmental deterioration due to the emission of landfill gases especially methane (CH4), and release of hazardous organic and inorganic substances in the form of landfill leachate (LL). Proliferation of LL in the environment deg...

In the present study, a simple and sensitive method for detecting bisphenol A (BPA) in various environments, including groundwater, was described using a widespread electrochemical method. BPA is well-known for its endocrine-disrupting properties, which may cause potential toxicological effects oon the nervous, reproductive, and immune systems. A n...

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) produce renewable energy from organic matter in presence of electrochemically active anaerobes at the anode and cathode oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The ORR catalyst is pivotal for power generation and the overall cost of constructing an MFC. This study uses a synthesized novel LaFeO3 perovskite electrocatalyst as an...

Multifaceted Bio-sensing Technology introduces different types of biosensors, their construction materials, configurations, production methods, and uses in bioelectrochemical fuel cells (BEFC). The book focuses on recent progress in the production of biosensing platforms/interfaces, their integration, design and fabrication, and their multifaceted...

In the present study, a simple and sensitive method for detecting bisphenol A (BPA) in various environments, including groundwater, was described using a widespread electrochemical method. BPA is well-known for its endocrine-disrupting properties, which may cause potential toxicological effects oon the nervous, reproductive, and immune systems. A n...

The integration of hydrogen in the primary energy mix requires a major technological shift in virtually every energy-related application. This study has attempted to investigate the techno-economic solar photovoltaic (PV) integrated water electrolysis and waste incineration system. Three different strategies, i.e., (i) PV + Battery(Hybrid mode with...

In the last few decades, monumental concerns have grown in society for the sustainable development of biofuels, biomaterials, and biochemicals eventually addressing critical issues like climate change, carbon emissions, inclusive economic growth, among others. Woody biomass is an excellent feedstock in the world due to its high energy density, high...

Triclosan (TCS) is an antimicrobial agent used widely in pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs). The extensive use of TCS in PPCPs has increased over the past few decades and its sizeable production and consumption are causing adverse effects on the environment and humans. TCS has been made into the list of emerging micropollutants (EMPs...

Pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs) are a concern owing to their toxicity to the aquatic environment. Several studies have investigated the removal of PhACs from wastewater by employing various treatments. However, hospital wastewater, a primary source of PhACs in wastewater, has yet to gain attention. Hence this study was conducted to investig...

MXenes, a novel family of 2D transition metal carbide, nitride and carbonitride materials, have been gaining tremendous interest in recent days as potential electrocatalysts for various elec-trochemical reactions, including hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). MXenes are characterized by their etchable metal layers, excellent structural stability, ve...

The first hypothetical hydrogen (H2) production from biological means was proposed in the early of nineteenth century. However, the biological H2 production technology did not received much attention until the anticipation of H2 production was practically reported through anaerobic digestion of cellulose using microbes present in the ruminant tract...

The extraction of municipal solid waste (MSW) provides a significant opportunity to manage MSW while bolstering energy security. As a result, research in this area has gained traction over the last few decades. It appears that this route carries the potential to reshape the future of energy and environmental management. However, the technological,...

Microplastics are a silent threat that represent a high degree of danger to the environment in its different ecosystems and of course will also have an important impact on the health of living organisms. It is evident the need to have effective treatments for their treatment, however this is not a simple task, this as a result of the behavior of mi...

Biomimicking ruminant digestion strategies (RDSs) into anaerobic digestion (AD) enables efficient bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass. Understanding RDSs is essential to translate their features into designing and developing bioprocesses and bioreactors. Here, we discuss insights into recently developed bioinspired bioprocesses, bioreactors, a...

There have been significant advancements in catalysis today, especially with the aid of artificial intelligence (AI). Understanding the relationship between the descriptors and catalytic performance and underlying principles is crucial for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysis. As of today, the usage and application of machine learning (ML) a...

Macrocyclic ligand chemistry is seen by a growing number of scientists as a tool for designing new mole- cules with inherently selective properties. Metal coordinated macrocyclic rings are featured with excep- tionally stable p-conjugated cyclic systems containing the metal ion in the central cavity. The cyclic tetra dentate framework of the four c...

Oxygen reduction reactions (ORRs) are unanimously a key factor of system performances in bioelectrochemical systems (BESs), low-temperature fuel cells, and generally in several electrochemical platforms. Platinum (Pt)-based catalyst is the finest electrocatalyst for ORR in BESs; however, it is constrained by its low abundance, high price, and poor...

In the present laboratory scale experiment, we report the fabrication of chlorophyll sensitized (BiO)2CO3/CdWO4/rGO (BCR) photo-catalyst. The green approach has been adopted for boosting the optical activity by chlorophyll as a sensitizer. The functionality, nature and surface compositions of synthesized photo-catalyst have been identified by FTIR,...

Sustainable management through recycling of the food waste into animal feedstock is one of the promising approaches to overcome the food wastage-related issues. However, this action has been limited in some developed countries due to the lack of safety and security issues. Food waste contains high moisture content and it causes the spread-out of ba...

The leather-making process necessitates large amounts of water and consequently generates tons of liquid waste as leather tannery wastewater (TWW) is disposed of directly in the open environment. Open disposal of untreated TWW into the natural environment causes an accumulation of various polluting compounds, including heavy metals, dyes, suspended...

Nanocomposites derived from biorenewable sources have emerged as an important material for applications as diverse as energy storage, medicine, and environmental remediation. These nanocomposites have a high surface-to-volume ratio, facilitating easy fabrication, useful mechanical properties, and high thermal stability. As part of a two-volume set...

Nanocomposites derived from biorenewable sources have emerged as an important material for applications as diverse as energy storage, medicine, and environmental remediation. These nanocomposites have a high surface-to-volume ratio, facilitating easy fabrication, useful mechanical properties, and high thermal stability. As part of a two-volume set...

2D transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbo‐nitrides, known as MXenes, have emerged as a versatile class of nanomaterials. MXenes are hailed as remedies to a plethora of global problems. Some of the remarkable ideal properties of MXenes that can transcend the boundaries of current technology, particularly in the field of sensors, include meta...

Plastic, a non-biodegradable material has always been a concern to the environment and people. This single-use item generates waste to landfills and it persists for centuries once disposed. The urge of transforming such material into a highly valuable product has sought attention from many researchers. This study emphasizes on a nanotechnological a...

In the electrocoagulation wastewater treatment process, extremely polluted water treatment requires an effective technique, and using high current is one of those. This study aims to optimize electrocoagulation parameters such as operation time, electrodes gap and the initial pH by applying high current intensity to treat palm oil mill effluent (PO...

As a powerful tool, nanoenzyme electrocatalyst broadens the ways to explore bioinspired solutions to the world's energy and environmental concerns. Efforts of fashioning novel nanoenzymes for effective electrode functionalization is generating innovative viable catalysts with high catalytic activity, low cost, high stability and versatility, and ea...

Sugarcane bagasse is an abundantly available agricultural waste having high potential that is still underutilized and mostly burnt as fuel. There are various processes available for bagasse utilization in improved ways and one such process is anaerobic digestion (AD) of bagasse for biogas production. The complex structure of biomass is recalcitrant...

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are biochemical systems having the benefit of producing green energy through the microbial degradation of organic contaminants in wastewater. The efficiency of MFCs largely depends on the cathode oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). A preferable ORR catalyst must have good oxygen reduction kinetics, high conductivity and dur...

Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) are highly evolved and sophisticated systems that produce bioenergy via exoelectrogenic microbes. Artificial intelligence (AI) helps to understand , relate, model, and predict both process parameters and microbial diversity, resulting in higher performance. This approach has revolutionized BESs through highly advan...

MXenes are novel transition‐metal‐carbide‐ and/or nitride‐based 2D materials that attract considerable attention in the field of energy storage and conversion because of their unique layered structures, electronic properties, and surface chemistries, which facilitate various electrochemical reactions. MXenes have been rarely investigated as probabl...

High commercial electricity consumption is one of the disadvantages in the operation of lengthy electrocoagulation processes. To cater to this problem, this study develops an integrated photovoltaic-electrocoagulation system in treating oil palm mill effluent (POME). This system has successfully reduced 23,837 mg/L of chemical oxygen demand (COD) a...

Addressing Pollution Issues with MOFs. Metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as highly customizable catalysts based on their unique features. Recent studies have developed specific MOFs for many applications. As part of a three-volume set (1393−1395), this volume provides an overview on MOFs used in environmental remediation, including synth...

Applications for Biomass Conversion and CO2 Capture. Metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as highly customizable catalysts based on their unique features. Recent studies have developed specific MOFs for many applications. As part of a three-volume set (1393−1395), this volume provides an overview on MOFs used in electrochemical applications...

Quantifying Contaminants with MOFs. Metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as highly customizable catalysts based on their unique features. Recent studies have developed specific MOFs for many applications. As part of a three-volume set (1393−1395), this volume provides an overview on MOFs used in environmental sensing, including synthesis, c...

Single-atom catalysts are promising heterogeneous catalysts, having significant characteristics including selectivity, stability, and higher atomic efficiency. The maximized atomic efficiency and geometric and electronic structures of single-atom catalysts has led to broader applications including electrochemical CO 2 reduction. Single-atom catalyt...

Microbial electrochemical processes are primary platforms for generating electricity or value-added products by relying on the interaction between electroactive microorganisms and electrodes by utilizing electron carriers like hydrogen and enzyme through the oxidation–reduction reactions. Microbial electrosynthesis (MES), initially introduced as el...

In this work we report the fabrication of novel magnetic ternary PANI/LaFeO3/CoFe2O4 (PLC) heterojunction through in situ polymerization of aniline. As fabricated photo catalyst has been characterized by using FT-IR, XRD and XPS. The surface as well as internal morphologies has been studied by SEM and TEM. The optical activities have been investiga...

Global warming, management of soil health, remediation of contaminated wastewater, and sustainable alternate source of energy are the major challenges of the 21 st century. Biochar has an enormous potential in addressing these global issues and can act as a catalyst in achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs). Biochar produced from waste biom...

In the current scenario, alternative energy sources are the need of the hour. Organic wastes having a larger fraction of biodegradable constituents present a sustainable bioenergy source. It has been reported that the calorific value of biogas generated by anaerobic digestion (AD) is 21e25 MJ/m3 with the treatment which makes it an excellent replac...

In present study, a simple, effective and rapid green method using leaf extract of Melia azedarach was explored for the synthesis of Cu-ZnO nano heterojunction particles. The leaf extract of Melia azedarach acts as a reducing agent and prevents the agglomeration of nanoparticles. Different standard analytical techniques were used to study the morph...

Maintaining high current densities is a key challenge in scaling-up microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) reactors. In this study, a novel 10 L MEC reactor with a total electrode surface area > 1 m² was designed and evaluated to maximize the current density and H2 recovery. Performances of the reactor suggest that the longitudinal structure with parall...

This study aims to investigate the effect of the ultrasonic, microwave, and combined ultrasonic-microwave pretreatment of palm oil mill effluent (POME) sludge before fermentation to analyze hydrogen (H2) production and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency in batch fermentation. Experimental results showed that the pretreatment of sludge...

As a renewable energy carrier, hydrogen gains international recognition, with the ability to substitute fossil fuels. A state-of-the-art technology called a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) can produce viable, clean hydrogen energy and also treat wastewater using various renewable carbon sources. The key substrates tested include wastewater, ferme...

The bioelectroactive fuel cells (BFC) or bioelectrochemical systems (BES) are regarded as a potent source for producing green and sustainable energy. The two major BFCs studied extensively are the enzymatic fuel cells and the microbial fuel cells. The main difference between them is the bioactive source that catalyzes the electrochemical reaction i...

Wastewater treatment and reduction of metal pollutants are potent applications of bioelectroactive fuel cells (BFC) to reduce waste and reuse otherwise unavailable resources. This method is considered to be much simpler and faster compared with the conventional wastewater treatment in treatment plants which requires a rigorous physical, chemical, a...

Waste from fish-processing units have been customarily disposed of through dumping at landfill sites or water bodies. Disposing of fish waste can be considered unbefitting waste management practice because the fish waste represents a valuable source of nutrient and energy. This chapter aims to summarize the microbial fuel cell approaches used for t...

Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) convert chemical energy into electrical energy using metabolic activities of microorganisms. This technology has gained tremendous interest and it is evolving not only for bioremediation of different wastewaters but also for production of bioenergy. The main aim of this chapter is to introduce the principles of the...

Application of electroactive extremophiles as a biocatalytic agent inside microbial electrochemical systems (MES) holds promises for worldwide practical implementation with improved/enhanced performance under extreme environmental conditions. The MES are microbe catalysed electrochemical platforms that can turn the chemical energy stored inside org...

Heavy-metals removal and recovery from wastewater is a sustainable approach for wastewater treatment and environmental sustainability. This is also helpful to meet the strict effluent discharge norms. Acknowledging that wastewater presents a useful resource and the value of precious, semi-precious and heavy-metals has made it interesting to recover...

Phthalates are a group of emerging xenobiotic compounds commonly used as plasticizers. In recent times, there has been an increasing concern over the risk of phthalate exposure leading to adverse effects to human health and the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to not only understand the current status of phthalate pollution, their sources, e...

Biogas production from anaerobic co-digestion (ACoD) of palm oil mill effluent (POME) and cattle manure (CM) is getting a lot of attention due to its wide availability and relatively simple energy conversion technology. The ACoD process is extremely complex to model with conventional mathematical modeling methods and requires the use of advanced co...

2D nanomaterials, or graphene equivalents, possess an exceptional array of characteristics due to their unique structure, configuration, and properties. Such materials have gained attention for countless applications due to their progression into wide varieties of crystallographic structures via abundant elemental compositions. These characteristic...

Currently, water sources across the world are highly contaminated by pollution with heavy-metal contaminants, synthetic dyes, and other hazardous materials emitted by large industries rather than usual domestic waste. This contamination requires sufficient control for the protection of natural water bodies. There are numerous methodologies for trea...

The present study embarked on investigating the photo-fermentative bio-H2 production kinetics and statistical optimization of operational parameters using immobilized inoculum from dark fermented palm oil mill effluent (DPOME). The statistical optimized values of initial pH, inoculum-substrate percentage (ISP), and light intensity were achieved by...

Palm oil mill effluent has become a serious concern to society, which needs intensive care and treatment for the environmental pollution removal and preservation of the inadequate water source. The electrocoagulation treatment process has earned special attention in treating palm oil mill effluent (POME) because it has great versatility and ecologi...

Recent bioinspired efforts of designing novel nanoenzyme-based electrocatalysts are driven by the urgency of making bioelectrofuels more affordable and efficient. Unlike natural enzymes, nanoenzyme-modified electrodes with large surface areas enclose numerous biomimicking active sites to facilitate enhanced microbial growth followed by increased re...

The energy sector is currently the most important area of research due to the depleting petroleum resources, the ever-increasing world population, and the need to solve the problem of climate change by reducing the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs). These necessitate the search for an energy source that is environmentally sustainable and can help...

Bioreactors: Sustainable Design and Industrial Applications in Mitigation of GHG Emissions presents and compares the foundational concepts, state-of-the-art design and fabrication of bioreactors. Solidly based on theoretical fundamentals, the book examines various aspects of the commercially available bioreactors, such as construction and fabricati...

In the current global scenario, the problems of the depletion of fossil reserves, increasing waste generation, climate change, and the need for energy security are matters of prime concern. All these issues are inevitable in any economy today due to the absolute reliance on fossil fuels for fulfilling energy requirements. A global movement toward c...

Bioelectrochemical systems evolved from microbial fuel cells that generate electricity from catalytic electrode (both anodic and cathodic) processes. The paramount potential of such systems is the range of materials (nature and type) of the catalytic materials that are increasingly used with varied substrates for energy recovery coupled with waste...

The presence of homoacetogenesis and hydrogen production-consumption loop significantly hinders the efficient hydrogen recovery in single chamber microbial electrolysis cells (MECs). However, no effective inhibition method has been proposed against homoacetogens hitherto. In this study, we demonstrated the effectiveness of chloroform as a homoaceto...

Water resources are gradually decreasing and most of water is polluted by different pollutants from household, agricultural and industrial sources. Previously, the main focus of bioremediation treatment technologies was on the use of free microbial cells. Recently, immobilized microbial cells for the bioremediation of pollutants from wastewater hav...

The present study intends to evaluate the potential of co-digestion for utilizing Organic fraction of Municipal Solid Waste (OFMSW) and sewage sludge (SS) for enhanced biogas production. Metagenomic analysis was performed to identify the dominant bacteria, archaea and fungi, changes in their communities with time and their functional roles during t...

Present 21st century world has started facing several challenges (such as waste management, bioresource scarcity, food/and energy security, climate change, global warming and health risks) as a heavy price of reckless usage/or exploitation of natural resource. In such a scenario, the implementation of circular economy model (based on use, produce,...

During electrocoagulation of palm oil mill effluent (POME), operating parameters as electrolysis time, current intensity, inter-electrode distance and initial pH have a profound influence on floc growth and structure. These characteristics can be determined by microscopical and particle size analysis. The microscopical analysis revealed pollutant p...

The book also emphasizes on nafion modified electrode surface, its selective bioelectrocatalytic H2O2 reduction and sensing function in addition to novel bioelectrocatalytic strategies based on immobilized redox metalloenzymes on tailored electrodes. This book will aid in understanding the critical constraints of the conventional electrode materia...

In view of the rapidly depleting fossil reserves, towering environmental pollution, coupled with economic and diplomatic problems owing to limited fossil reserves and uneven distributions. There is a global concern to ascertain alternative energy sources and to tackle voluminous waste generated. In this context, there has been a heightened interest...

Extensive use of fossil fuels for energy have negatively contributed to the environment owing to the emission of carbon dioxide and other harmful gases as serious atmospheric pollutants and particulates, and has resulted in soaring global warming. At the same time, various waste products from domestic, agricultural, animal facilities, refineries an...

Pretreatment is significant for the bioenergy yield enhancement by anaerobic co-digestion (ACoD) process. Oxidization by hydrogen peroxide (OHP) had substantial impacts on biological break down through pretreatment of substrate and bioenergy production by ACoD methods. It is considered as an environmentally friendly and economical pretreatment meth...

In an era of electronics, recovering the precious metal such as gold from ever increasing piles of electronic-wastes and metal-ion infested soil has become one of the prime concerns for researchers worldwide. Biological mining is an attractive, economical and non-hazardous to recover gold from the low-grade auriferous ore containing waste or soil....

The key objective of this research was to investigate the potential of the co-digestion of palm oil mill effluent (POME) with cattle manure (CM) in a solar-assisted bioreactor (SABr) to produce enhanced biogas. The solar panel first converted solar radiation into electricity, which then warmed up the POME and CM mixture to maintain the required rea...

Globally population explosion and food security have resulted in increased use of various toxic pesticides to prevent cash food crops from various diseases and yield loss. These xenobiotic compounds have a hazardous effect on human health as well as our surrounding environments. The current chapter aims to channelize the innate ability of soil micr...

This paper investigates the production of hydrogen (H2) and methane (CH4) from palm oil mill effluent (POME) using an integrated approach of thermophilic continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) and mesophilic microbial electrolysis cell (MECs). CSTR reactor was operated at pH 5.5, 80rpm, 2 days HRT, 60g COD L-1 d-1 organic loading rate (OLR) and 55°...

This chapter highlights the role of biocathodic microorganisms that is, electrotroph in biocommodities production through bioelectrochemical systems, such as microbial fuel cells and microbial electrolysis cells. However, electrotrophic biofilms on cathode which are capable of reducing CO2 are more difficult to grow, and consequently make it harder...

The distribution of internal resistance in most microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) remains unclear, which hinders the optimization and scaling up of the technology. In this study, a method for quantifying the effects of design and operation decisions on internal resistance was applied for the first time to MECs. In typical single chamber MECs with...