Laetitia Adelard

University of Reunion Island · Laboratory of Physics and Mathematical Engineering for Energy and the Environment (PIMENT)

Cette recherche s’inscrit dans le cadre d’une thèse visant au développement et à la caractérisation d’un matériau isolant à base de Furcraea foetida, une espèce végétale invasive à La Réunion. Ces investigations évaluent le potentiel de l’utilisation des fibres de Furcraea foetida comme renfort dans les matériaux de construction, contribuant ainsi...

Ce travail est mené dans le cadre d'une thèse intitulée « Modélisation, expérimentation et caractérisation des propriétés hygrothermiques d’un matériau à base de fibre végétale et de plâtre recyclé » L’objectif principal est de caractériser les performances d’un nouveau composite, associant plâtre recyclé et fibres de Furcraea foetida comme isolant...

Cet article présente la préparation des fibres de Furcraea foetida en vue d'une utilisation en tant qu'isolant thermique. L'extraction des fibres passe par la récolte manuelle des feuilles. La sélection des feuilles de plus de 80 cm vise à optimiser la conductivité thermique en tant que panneau. Après un rinçage initial, le dimensionnement des feui...

Anaerobic digestion is a widely used process for organic waste treatment and biogas production. It is a complex process involving four main biochemical reactions, four microbial groups, and hydrodynamics phenomena. Research focuses on the development of numerical models based on mass transfer and biochemical reaction kinetics, adapted to a specific...

In Reunion Island, agricultural waste from pineapple cultivation and Furcraea Foetida (a pestilence also known as choka) are not currently valorized. In the construction sector, non-biosourced thermal insulation has a significant environmental impact, despite being essential for reducing the energy consumption of buildings. In this study, we are in...

Building and construction sector have significant impacts on economy and environment. This sector consumes a large part of resources: about 50% of the total use of raw materials, and 36% of the global final energy use. Reunion Island is a DROM, an overseas French territory in the Indian Ocean which is submitted to European and French regulations. I...

À la Réunion, le Furcraea Foetida (communément appelé choka) est une espèce invasive non valorisée. Parallèlement, dans le secteur de la construction, les isolants classiques, telle que la laine de roche, permettent de réduire les consommations énergétiques des bâtiments, mais génèrent des impacts environnementaux négatifs notamment en fin de vie....

A La Réunion, les déchets végétaux issus de la culture de l’ananas ainsi que le Furcraea Foetida (peste végétale aussi connue sous le nom de choka) ne sont actuellement pas valorisés. Dans le domaine de la construction, les isolants thermiques non biosources génèrent des impacts environnementaux importants, bien qu’ils soient essentiels pour la réd...

Anaerobic digestion is a widely used process for organic waste treatment and renewable energy production. This is a complex natural biodegradation of organic matter involving four main biochemical reactions through the action of four microbial groups. The performances of anaerobic digestion (biodegradation and biogas production) depend on the conta...

La raréfaction des matières premières, la dépendance aux importations et la gestion des déchets sont des fléaux majeurs impactant grandement le secteur du BTP (bâtiment et travaux publics) dans les milieux insulaires. Face à ces problématiques, la valorisation des déchets du BTP par le réemploi (avec ou sans transformation) semble être une réponse...

The aim of this work was to evaluate the response of a vinasse mesophilic anaerobic digester to intermittent mixing. Physicochemical analysis were performed on the digestate, and on three samples collected at three different depths, providing a local insight of the digester before and after mixing. The mixing speed varied from 20 to 60 rpm. The bio...

The sugarcane distillery waste water is generated throughout the sugarcane molasses fermentation and distillation. In Reunion Island, a part of the vinasse production is treated by methanisation process. However, the remaining part is diluted then discharged into the sea. The aim of this work is to study the anaerobic treatment of sugar cane vinass...

In the insular French tropical departments, the main method for municipal solid wastes (MSW) disposal is landfilling. However, this land consuming method is inappropriate for insular territories. To adopt a sustainable strategy for MSW management wastes characterisation and life cycle analysis (LCA) are essential steps. The aims of this study were...

Sugarcane Distillery Spent Wash (DSW) is among the most pollutant industrial effluents, generally characterized by high Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), high mineral matters and acidic pH, causing strong environmental impacts. Bioremediation is considered to be a good and cheap alternative to DSW treatment. In this study, 37 strains of yeasts and fila...

Anaerobic digestion is a widely used process for waste treatment and energy production. This natural process takes place in a controlled environment, anaerobic digesters. Mixing is one of the main operating parameters. The understanding of the flows during the agitation of the medium is crucial for the optimization of the process yield. In fact, th...

The sugarcane distillery waste water (vinasse) is generated throughout the sugarcane molasses fermentation and distillation. In Reunion Island, a part of the vinasse production is treated by anaerobic digestion process. However, the remaining part is diluted then discharged into the sea. The aim of this study is to propose an alternative solution i...

The activated sludges and the sugarcane distillery wastewater (vinasse) are two different types of liquid wastes generated throughout the domestic wastewater treatment and sugarcane molasses fermentation and distillation respectively. In Reunion Island, sludge is currently discarded in landfills. Regarding the vinasse, a part of the production is t...

The activated sludges and the sugarcane distillery wastewater (vinasse) are two different types of liquid wastes generated throughout the domestic wastewater treatment and sugarcane molasses fermentation and distillation respectively. In Reunion Island, sludge is currently discarded in landfills. Regarding the vinasse, a part of the production is t...

Anaerobic digestion in insular context can be a good way to treat organic wastes and to dispose of a clean and constant renewable energy. However, insular context implies that waste volumes can be not important enough to provide efficient stocks, so treating mixed wastes is important. In another hand, french regulations obliges big producers of bio...

The study’s ultimate goal consists of modelling and optimising the co-digestion of particulate substrates like sewage sludge, biowaste and vinasse from sugar cane. Given these substrates, the medium is highly heterogeneous and has particular physical characteristics and behaviour. Moreover, anaerobic digestion could be lead in wet-mode or in dry-mo...

Background: Sugarcane distillery waste water (SDW) or vinasse is the residual liquid waste generated during sugarcane molasses fermentation and alcohol distillation. Worldwide, this effluent is responsible for serious environmental issues. In Reunion Island, between 100 and 200 thousand tons of SDW are produced each year by the three local distill...

Sixteen data sets (two of which were measured in this study) with a combined total of 145 measurements of ultimate methane yield (UMY) during mono- and co-digestion of ternary biomass mixtures were used to assess impact of co-digestion on the relative change in UMY (ΔUMY) as a function of biomass mix composition. The data involved 9 biomass materia...

Impact of co-digestion versus mono-digestion on biogas and CH4 yield for a set of five biomass materials (vegetable food waste, cow dung, pig manure, grass clippings, and chicken manure) was investigated considering 95 different biomass mixes of the five materials under thermophilic conditions in bench-scale batch experiments over a period of 65 da...

The impact of co-digestion as opposed to separate digestion, on biogas and methane yield (apparent synergetic effects) was investigated for three biomass materials (pig manure, cow manure and food waste) under mesophilic conditions over a 36 day period. In addition to the three biomass materials (digested separately), 13 biomass mixtures (co-digest...

In building studies dealing about energy efficiency and comfort, simulation software need relevant weather files with optimal time steps. Few tools generate extreme and mean values of simultaneous hourly data including correlation between the climatic parameters. This paper presents the C++ Runeole software based on typical weather sequences analys...

The purpose of our research deals with the description of a methodology for the definition of specific weather sequences and their influence on the energy needs of HVAC system. We'll apply the method on the tropical Reunion Island. The methodological approach based on a detailed analysis of weather sequences leads to a classification of climatic si...

The calculation of airflows is of great importance for detailed building thermal simulation computer codes, these airflows most frequently constituting an important thermal coupling between the building and the outside on one hand, and the different thermal zones on the other. The driving effects of air movement, which are the wind and the thermal...

As part of our efforts to complete the software CODYRUN validation, we chose as test building a block of flats constructed in Reunion Island, which has a humid tropical climate. The sensitivity analysis allowed us to study the effects of both diffuse and direct solar radiation on our model of this building. With regard to the choice and location of...

Cited By (since 1996): 13, Export Date: 10 April 2012, Source: Scopus

This paper deals about the presentation of a new software RUNEOLE used to provide weather data in buildings physics. RUNEOLE associates three modules leading to the description, the modelling and the generation of weather data. The first module is dedicated to the description of each climatic variable included in the database. Graphic representatio...

L'objectif des simulations est d'apporter un appui technique à l'équipe de maîtrise d'œuvre du projet pour l'optimisation du confort hygro-thermique et des consommations énergétiques. Les simulations seront effectuées sur les zones de l'Administration et du bâtiment central avec le logiciel CODYRUN et pour deux périodes de l'année (été et hiver). E...

In order to assess the efficiency of buildings or renewable energy systems, simulation software needs relevant meteorological files. These weather data are generated thanks to statistical methods. Actually, these methods are derived to treat high quality hourly databases or monthly average of the weather parameters. When only inconsistent hourly da...

Climate classification is extremely useful to design buildings for thermal comfort purposes. This paper presents the first work for a climate classification of Madagascar Island. This classification is based on the meteorological data measured in different cities of this country. Three major climatic zones are identified. Psychometric charts for th...

This paper presents a simulation code for the solar drying of sludge. This code is using a model of the drying kinetics of wastewater sludge, and takes into account water transport in the product during drying. An application of the FAST method for the parametric sensitivity test of this code has been used in order to highlight influencial paramete...

Actes disposibles, http://www.esim.ca/2006

This paper deals with the application of Bayesian methods to the estimation of two convective heat-transfer coefficients of a roof-mounted radiant barrier system. As part of an empirical validation of the thermal model of the roofing complex, a parametric sensitivity analysis highlighted the importance of convective coefficients in the thermal beha...

The European research program PV Performance is an integrated project of the FP6. Its main issue is to address the problem of the performances of photovoltaics. In PV performance, the French contribution is a small part of the total budget and a very few French institutes are involved in the project. It has been decided to promote a national resear...

Tanger, Maroc du 15 au 17 Novembre 2005 203 INTRODUCTION Longtemps considéré comme une opération annexe du traitement des eaux, le traitement des boues ne peut plus être défini à la légère. Les boues constituent des déchets volumineux puisqu'elles contiennent généralement entre 95% et 99% d'eau et sont génératrices de nuisances dans la mesure où el...

This paper deals with a global approach in the thermal and airflow design of new dwellings and specially low-cost housing built in the French tropical overseas islands. The sizing of passive cooling techniques has been evaluated thanks to a simulation code. The solutions have been edited in a reference document that serves as work-base for the desi...

Humidity in buildings generates many disorders or disadvantages. A dry-bulb temperature of the air relatively low, strong moisture and wall surface temperatures very low characterize the interior conditions of the highland dwellings in Reunion Island, during the southern winter. This causes many disorders related to phenomena of condensation on wal...

As part of our efforts to complete the software CODYRUN validation, we chose as test building a block of flats constructed in Reunion island, which has a humid tropical climate, ne sensitivity analysis allowed us to study the effects of both diffuse and direct solar radiation on our model of this building. With regard to the choice and location of...

Simulations are conducted using CODYRUN software to evaluate indoor confort conditions in Mauritius Island dwellings

ISBN : 2-84299-200-8 EAN : 9782842992002

Thermal buildings simulation softwares need meteorological files in thermal comfort, energetic evaluation studies. Few tools can make significant meteorological data available such as generated typical year, representative days, or artificial meteorological database. This paper deals about the presentation of a new software, RUNEOLE, used to provid...

The calculation of airflows is of great importance for detailed building thermal simulation computer codes, these airflows most frequently constituting an important thermal coupling between the building and the outside on one hand, and the different thermal zones on the other. The driving effects of air movement, which are the wind and the thermal...

The sky temperature is an important parameter for simulation codes in building studies. A preliminary campaign of validation of a simulation software CODYRUN has demonstrated the misinterpretation of the radiative exchanges of long waves between the building and its environment. A bibliographical research has then led to the use models using dry ai...

This paper presents the theoretical modelling work of an elementary urban units (street), thermal behaviour. The calculation code Codyflow was set up as a way to model the thermal response (structure surface temperature and ambient air temperature) of an urban system to the solicitations of the outside climate. The determination of the air temperat...

Because of its particular geographic situation and relatively high altitude (3069 meters), Reunion Island is composed of a very large amount of micro-climates which have a direct impact on buildings' comfort, energy consumptions and renewable energy system efficiency. In Réunion Island, the industrial engineering laboratory is involved in the regio...