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March 2017 - present
August 2001 - April 2004
January 2007 - August 2012
Publications
Publications (66)
The spatio–temporal development of a meandering river is controlled by its channel morphodynamics. In regions of rapid channel evolution, understanding the driving factors of meander migration is crucial in forecasting the rate and extent of morphological change. Sediment supply and fluvial discharge are the primary influences on migration rate, ho...
The spatio-temporal development of a meandering river is controlled by its channel morphodynamics. In regions of rapid channel evolution, understanding the driving factors of meander migration is crucial in forecasting the rate and extent of morphological change. Sediment supply and fluvial discharge are the primary influences on migration rate, ho...
Tidal channels exert a crucial control on sediment transport and drive geomorphic changes in the tidal environment. Despite their ubiquitous occurrence, long-term morphodynamics and processes driving the morphologic changes remain less well understood than fluvial counterparts. Spanning from straight to dendritic, Korean tidal channels become more...
Historical trends of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contamination were reconstructed from eleven sediment cores located in intertidal zones of the Yellow and Bohai seas for a period encompassing the last 80 years. The analysis encompassed 15 traditional PAHs (t-PAHs), 9 emerging PAHs (e-PAHs), and 30 halogenated PAHs (Hl-PAHs), including 1...
Recent global warming triggered pronounced geomorphic changes such as coastal retreat and delta progradation along the coastlines of the Arctic regions. Coastal morphodynamics and associated sediment transport at the Arctic fjord head remain relatively unexplored due to the logistically limited accessibility to the field area, especially at short-t...
The regulating ecosystem services, such as water purification, that tidal flats provide by nitrogen (N) burial are being increasingly recognized; yet, quantitative estimates remain limited. Here, we first present nationwide evaluation of total N stocks and burial rates in the Korean tidal flats, based on a 3 year long monitoring assessment combined...
The morphodynamics of tidal flats responds mainly to the nonlinear interaction between tides and seasonal wave activity. Man-made activities such as reclamation further complicate the morphodynamics by disturbing physical processes acting on the tidal flats. Decoupling the anthropogenic influence from the natural forcing on the tidal-flat morphodyn...
The morphodynamics and sedimentology of tide-dominated estuaries are controlled by the interaction of tidal currents and river processes. Decoupling tidal and river processes is challenging and rarely documented for the distal part of the estuary, where river influences are cryptic due to the large tidal prism. Dendritic blind tidal channels drain...
The Yellow and Bohai seas have long been contaminated by persistent toxic substances (PTSs) from numerous (un)known anthropogenic sources. In this study, we used Vibrio fischeri bioassay to evaluate ecotoxicological profiles associated with sedimentary PTSs contamination at a large marine ecosystem (LME) scale. A total of 125 surface sediments coll...
Blue carbon science requires the estimates of organic carbon stock and sequestration rate; however, holistic data analysis remains limited in South Korea. The present study reports current organic carbon stocks and sequestration rates in the coastal areas of West Sea, South Sea, and East Sea of South Korea, encompassing entire intertidal areas usin...
Waves and tidal currents are considered the main processes that govern the tidal-flat morphodynamics; however, meteorological control such as rainfalls remains less constrained. To quantify the tidal-flat morphodynamics over hundreds of thousand square meters, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) surveys augmented with sedimentological and hydrodynamic da...
The inner part of a tide-dominated estuary is often typified by a tight meander bend, where bedload transport from both upstream by river flows and downstream by flood tidal currents merges to establish a bedload convergence (BLC) with the weakest energy condition in the estuary. Despite the potential significance in evaluating relative importance...
Derelict fishing gear (DFG) is increasingly common in the Korean tidal flats due to intensive fishing activity and the lack of monitoring system to remove the DFG from the tidal flats. Despite the widespread occurrence of DFG in the tidal flats, little is known about DFG in terms of quantity, types, distribution, and the impact on the benthic ecosy...
Soils in coastal areas of the land-sea interface are vulnerable to heavy metal (HM) accumulation and subsequently to human health risk. However, few studies have investigated the HM pollution and risk in soils along the coastal areas of the Yellow Sea Large Marine Ecosystem (YSLME), in an international perspective. This study is the first comprehen...
For decades, in response to industrialization and urbanization, environmental qualities of estuarine and coastal areas of the west coast of Korea have been deteriorating. Long-term changes in concentrations of persistent toxic substances (PTSs) in sediments, including PAHs, styrene oligomers, nonylphenols, and metals and their potential toxicities...
The Yellow Sea Large Marine Ecosystem (YSLME) is an important socioeconomic zone in Asia, but has been deteriorated by various environmental pollutants over the last half century. However, comprehensive coastal pollution assessments, particularly for heavy metals (HMs), have been limited from an international perspective. Here, we first evaluate co...
The effects of dike construction on the geomorphology and sedimentary processes of tidal flats were investigated using high-precision topographic profiling, short cores, and unmanned aviation vehicle (UAV)-assisted photogrammetry to understand their adverse consequences on the benthic ecosystem. Tidal flats at the south of Shinsi Island near one of...
The drastic land cover change and its impacts in the Yellow Sea have long been significant issues in terms of coastal vulnerabilities, but holistic data analysis is limited. The present study first reports 40 years long geographical changes of the Yellow Sea coasts including all three neighboring countries of China, North Korea, and South Korea. We...
A long-term study on a benthic community was conducted in two different localities, one in semi-enclosed bay of Jinhae (n = 10, south coast) and the other in open sea area of Samcheok (n = 10, east coast), Korea, respectively. We aimed to identify the spatiotemporal patterns of macrozoobenthos and the environmental variables influencing such patter...
The SSF funded project “Sediment flux from source to sink – the Coastal Link” is an international, multi-disciplinary research project aiming at understanding and quantifying sediment distribution patterns in Svalbard fjords. The current project (2016-2017) focuses on Kongsfjorden and Dicksonfjorden as representatives for glacially and non-glaciall...
Abstract In this study, spatiotemporal dynamics of macrofaunal assemblages and their associations with environmental conditions were examined in Jinhae Bay (10 sites), where the obvious sources of pollution including industries, oyster farms (hanging cultures), and municipal discharges has surrounded. The survey had performed over five consecutive...
The Han, like all tide-dominated and strongly tide-influenced deltas studied to date, exhibits the following key traits: a large subaqueous delta whose clinoform is the main subtidal locus of mud deposition in the system; gently inclined (<1°) heterolithic clinoform deposits that record deltaic progradation; and a high degree of channelization in t...
The moderate-sized, steep Han River debouches into a wide-mouthed bay along the rocky west coast of Korea. The climate is monsoonal, floodplains are limited, and summer storms are intense, resulting in rapid transfer of sediment to the basin. The sediment is reworked by tides, which are extreme (9 m maximum; speeds of 2 m/s common). Wave energy is...
Basinward dipping (0.2°) clinoform reflections within the large tidal bars indicate that the subaqueous delta platform has prograded at least 75 km out onto the shelf. At the same time, the large tidal bars that make up the platform have broadened. This is causing the intervening large tidal channels to gradually fill in. The outer progradational c...
Most subenvironments in the Han River delta, including the tidal–fluvial transition, the sandbar–swatchway (mouthbar) zone, the open-coast tidal flats adjacent to the river mouth, and even subaqueous delta platform, are highly channelized due to the significant tidal flux in and out of the coastal zone. Seismic data show that the channels commonly...
A thick (>100 m) succession of sediment overlies bedrock at the mouth of the Han River. Seismic and core data suggest it consists of at least two sequences, one Late Pleistocene and one postglacial/Holocene. Each of these sequences has a similar internal organization that records (1) pedogenesis and fluvial incision during lowstand; (2) onlapping o...
The Han River bifurcates around bedrock islands into several distributary channels. Point bars are present in these channels, which fall in the tidal-fluvial transition. Distributaries pass basinward through an area of mutually evasive flow to large tidal channels. The large tidal channels broaden and deepen basinward, eventually bottoming out at t...
The main database for this study consists of short cores, long cores, and seismic data collected from the subaqueous delta platform and shelf during the 1990 and 2000s. Previous work on the open coast tidal flats and deltaic distributary channels is also incorporated. The nature of the database is tabulated here.
To fill a significant gap in our understanding of tide-dominated deltas, this book presents a multi-faceted exploration of the Han River Delta, located on the east coast of the Yellow Sea, Korea. Topics covered are the geologic and process setting, delta morphology, the distribution of surficial sediment types, the facies present in short and long...
Valleys and fjords are the key transport and storage systems for sediments and biogeochemical elements from high arctic landscapes to the ocean. Sediment and nutrient fluxes are important for the biochemical cycle in the fjords and eventually in the ocean, and are important input data to earth system models. At present, high latitude systems are un...
The morphodynamics and hydrodynamics of intertidal dunes were investigated to understand their controls on the stratigraphic architecture of the dunes on the open-coast macrotidal tributary channel and channel bank in the northern Gyeonggi Bay, west coast of Korea. Simple dunes migrate seaward as fast as 1–4 m/day on the tributary channel that is e...
Tidal dunes with well-defined rhythmic tidal bundles are documented from the lower intertidal zone of an open-coast macrotidal environment in Gyeonggi Bay, Korea. Based on combined morphologic, sedimentologic and hydrodynamic datasets, this study aims to characterize the factors that govern the temporal and spatial variability of tidal bundles in a...
The sedimentary facies and architecture of Late Campanian fluvial–tidal channels and channel belts of the Neslen Formation are described from the Floy area of the upper Book Cliffs in northeastern Utah using outcrop data. Vertical sedimentary sections in multiple closely spaced canyons, combined with photomosaics and LIDAR data, describe in detail...
ABSTRACT An extensive dataset (cores, seismic data) was collected by a government–industry consortium in the mid 2000s to study several ~25 km wide, ~100-km long, ~25 m high sediment fingers (“large tidal bars”, LTBs) that extend offshore of the Han River, Korea. The dataset compliments previous work on tidal flats near the river mouth and the tida...
Morphodynamics and hydrodynamics of tidal channels in macrotidal Gomso Bay were investigated to understand the architecture of inclined heterolithic stratification (IHS) formed in a tide-dominated channel. Channel sinuosity increases notably during summertime rainy season, when abrupt morphologic changes such as meander-bend cutoff by chute channel...
Morphodynamics of intertidal channels were monitored in order to understand their implication on the architecture of inclined heterolithic stratification (IHS) in the open-coast Yeochari macro tidal flat on southern Ganghwa Island in Gyeonggi Bay, west coast of Korea. The tidal flat is divisible into narrow salt marshes in the upper intertidal zone...
Simple and compound dunes are developed on the intertidal tributary channel and channel bank of Yeochari macrotidal flat in the northern Gyeonggi Bay, west coast of Korea. Dunes are asymmetrical with the majority of their steeper lee faces and master bedding surfaces dipping toward the ebb current direction. Dunes consist of cross-bedded medium to...
The Tide-Dominated Han River Delta provides a thorough analysis of a river delta in which tidal currents have reworked the river-borne sediment, generating characteristic geomorphological and sedimentological signatures in the process. Such "tide-dominated" deltas are common in the modern ocean, forming the substrate upon which entire populations a...
Tidal flats constitute a unique and extensive depositional system encompassing the entire west coast of Korea. Tidal flats are classified into three types on the basis of morphologic setting, open-coast, embayment, and channel-margin. Macrotidal regime and highly indented coastlines favored tidal current-induced sedimentation, resulting in seaward...
As defined in this chapter, an estuary forms during a shoreline transgression and then fills during a progradational phase that is transitional to a delta. The spatial distribution of processes, grain sizes and facies within tide-dominated estuaries is predictable in general terms. Tidal currents dominate sedimentation along the axis, with wave-dom...
The Sukmo Channel is one of the distributary channels of the tide-dominated Han River delta, and is flanked by a narrow and steep channel bank. In these areas the bank consists of tripartite subdivisions with a gently sloped upper intertidal salt marsh, steep middle intertidal zone, and gently sloped lower intertidal sand flat. A 7-m-thick successi...
Well-developed tidal rhythmites are documented from the intertidal point bar of sinuous tidal channel in Gomso Bay, west coast of Korea. Associated with inclined heterolithic stratification, rhythmites constitute the upper part of fining-upward succession formed by the lateral migration of a point bar. Occurring between mean sea-level and mean high...
To investigate the paleo-depositional environments, sediment cores YJ1 and YJ2 from a tidal flat of the eastern Yellow Sea were analyzed for the vertical variations of metal concentrations, particle size, clay mineralogy, magnetic properties, and total organic carbon content (TOC). Fe (and Mn) concentrations determined by both partial and total aci...
The petroleum system of the Kunsan Basin in the Northern South Yellow Sea Basin is not well known, compared to other continental rift basins in the Yellow Sea, despite its substantial hydrocarbon potential. Restoration of two depth-converted seismic profiles across the Central Subbasin in the southern Kunsan Basin shows that extension was interrupt...
Well-developed rhythmic climbing-ripple cross-lamination (RCRL) was described from estuarine tidal channels in Gomso Bay, west coast of Korea. Associated with upper intertidal point bars of closely spaced meandering channels, RCRL occurs between mean sea level and mean neap high-water level. RCRL is typically less than 40 cm thick, and constitutes...
Sea waters are important reformation factors for coastal relief. Mainly waves, but also tides have a significant weathering
and erosive activity and create various coastal landforms. The material produced by weathering and erosion is carried by the
waves to great distances depending on their transportation capacity level.
Most tide-dominated estuarine and deltaic deposits accumulate in the fluvial-to-marine transition zone, which is one of the most complicated areas on earth, because of the large number of terrestrial and marine processes that interact there. An understanding of how the facies change through this transition is necessary if we are to make correct pal...
Up to 32 m thick late Quaternary deposits are developed in the Kimpo tidal flat, Kyonggi Bay, west coast of Korea. The deposits consist of six lithofacies units that are grouped into three unconformity-bounded sequences, which formed in response to late Quaternary sea-level fluctuations. The lowermost sequence (S3) consists of late Pleistocene fluv...
Based on cone penetration tests with pore pressure measurements (CPTUs) and standard penetration tests (SPTs), the geotechnical properties of five lithostratigraphic units were determined during the construction of Incheon international airport on reclaimed macrotidal flats in Kyonggi Bay, Korea. Two late Pleistocene non-marine units (unit V and un...
Late Pleistocene and early Holocene paleosols are described from construction pits and boreholes in the northern Kyonggi Bay, west coast of Korea. Thin-section petrography, chemistry, clay mineralogy and geotechnical properties of the paleosols were examined to infer relative sea-level fluctuations during the late Quaternary. Relict laminae and gra...
Up to 40 m of tidal deposits occur in the inner part of Kyonggi Bay, west coast of Korea (Yellow Sea). A prominent paleosol in the upper part of the succession separates two depositional sequences, of late Pleistocene and Holocene age. Identical tidal facies, including tidal rhythmites, occur within both sequences. The rhythmites in the late Pleist...
An occurrence of inclined heterolithic stratification (IHS) is described from a tidal point bar in a 40-m-deep distributary of the macrotidal (tidal range 3.6-7.8 m), Han River delta, Korea. The channel bank demonstrates a convex-upward profile with intermittent presence of wave-formed scarps and terraces near the low-water level. The vertical succ...
Siderite concretions are recovered from both freshwater (Unit II) and tidal (Unit I) deposits in the Holocene macrotidal flat of Kyunggi Bay, west coast of Korea. Siderites from both units show a spherulitic and well-rounded texture and well-developed equant rhombs on the external surfaces. The size of the concretions in Unit II (50–150 μm in diame...
The coastal deposits developed in the macrotidal basin between Youngjong and Yongyou Islands off the western coast of Korea are interpreted to be formed in response to sea-level fluctuationsduring the late Pleistocene and Holocene. Based on detailed analyses of lithofacies and geotechnical properties, these mixed sandy and muddy deposits can be gro...
Late Pleistocene silty tidal rhythmites in Kyunggi Bay, west coast of Korea, demonstrate various rhythmicities in lamina thickness associated with hierarchical tidal cycles ranging from semidiurnal to monthly (anomalistic) tidal variation. Such rhythmicities are very similar to those of modern tidal cycles in Kyunggi Bay, implying that late Pleisto...
Macrotidal muddy coastal deposits around Youngjong Island (west coast of Korea, eastern Yellow Sea) comprise four lithostratigraphic units (unit I, unit II, unit III and unit IV). Overlain unconformably by unit I of modern muddy intertidal sediments, Unit II of early-Holocene age (ca. 8000 yr BP) is characterized by a distinct color, peat fragments...
Late Pleistocene silty tidal rhythmites, developed in the macrotidal flat between Youngjong and Yongyou Islands, demonstrate hierarchical tidal cycles ranging from daily to monthly variations associated with synodic, tropical and anomalistic cycles. On the basis of rhythmicities and textural composition, the rhythmites were likely deposited in an u...
