Kristina Øie Kvile

Norwegian Institute for Water Research | NIVA · Section for Marine Biology

Significance Underlying mechanisms behind observed associations between zooplankton dynamics and climate are often unclear. We investigate how drift patterns, temperature, mixed layer depth, and wind influence the biomass of Calanus finmarchicus , a dominant North Atlantic copepod. To address the underlying mechanisms, we include drift modeling res...

Life history strategies such as multi‐year life cycles, resting stages and capital breeding allow species to inhabit regions with extreme and fluctuating environmental conditions. One example is the zooplankton species Calanus hyperboreus, whose life history is considered an adaptation to the short and unpredictable growth season in the central Arc...

The ubiquitous oceanic copepod Calanus finmarchicus is the major link between primary producers and important fish stocks in the North Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas. Despite over a century of research on growth and development of this key species, the effect of predation risk on these processes remains elusive. We tested how food level and chemi...

Aerial drone imaging is an efficient tool for mapping and monitoring of coastal habitats at high spatial and temporal resolution. Specifically, drone imaging allows for time- and cost-efficient mapping covering larger areas than traditional mapping and monitoring techniques, while also providing more detailed information than those from airplanes a...

Hancke K, Hagen AG, Johansen TA, Garrett J, Salberg AB, Kalbekken K, Sample JE, Kvile KØ, Bekkby T, Little L, Poulsen RN, Ghareeb M, Buls T, Ødegaard ØT, Gundersen H. 2023. Drones for mapping benthic habitats and the SeaBee Infrastructure. GeoHab Int. conference. Réunion Island. 10.05.2023. Oral presentation. https://geohab.org/wp-content/uploads/2...

Egge E, Deininger A, Bekkby T, Eikrem W, Mengeot C, Frigstad H, Moyano M, Kvile KØ, Baur AK, Tobiesen A, Harvey TE, Saesin P. 2023. Økokyst - DP Norskehavet sør, Årsrapport 2022. NIVA-rapport 7898, Miljødirektoratet rapport 2595. ISBN: 978-82-577-7634-3

Kvile, KØ, Bekkby T, Rinde E. 2023. Kap. 4 Ålegrasenger i rapporten Kunnskapsstatus Trondheimsfjorden – en kunnskapssammenstilling om miljøtilstanden i Trondheimsfjorden. Trondheim fylkeskommune, 364 s. https://www.trondelagfylke.no/contentassets/3f3e42db94344407941a25ad3c475640/kunnskapsstatus-trondheimsfjorden-hoyopploselig-1.pdf

The world is currently facing a biodiversity and climate crisis which are globally interlinked. Nature-based solutions (NBS), defined as “actions to protect, sustainably manage, and restore natural and modified ecosystems that address societal challenges effectively and adaptively, simultaneously benefiting people and nature” is part of the solutio...

Kelp forests are dynamic coastal habitats that generate large amounts of carbon-rich detritus. The fate of this detritus is largely unknown and considered a missing link in global carbon budgets. Kelp detritus can serve as food for benthic invertebrates and pelagic invertebrate larvae, but we know close to nothing about the role of kelp detritus as...

This report (which is in Norwegian) discusses and proposes variables to determine ecological quality for the marine nature types and units presented in Bekkby et al. (2021). Alternative variables, standardized criteria and threshold values for status and nature diversity have been discussed, and defined where this has been possible. The purpose of...

Kelp forests are productive coastal ecosystems that provide a range of ecosystem services. Mapping the distribution and area occupied by kelp forests is a critical step to identify their ecosystem functions and services, including their role in the carbon cycle, and to detect changes in their distribution. We compiled quantitative data of the domin...

Vi kommer her med innspill til utvikling av metodikk og kriterier for kartlegging og fastsettelse av økologisk kvalitet til et utvalg av marine naturtyper basert på feltundersøkelser. De utvalgte naturtypene er ålegrasenger, sukkertareskog, muslingbunner (både blåskjellbunner og flatøstersbanker), helofytt-saltvannssumper og ruglbunner. Undersøkels...

Overvåkingsprogrammet "Økosystemovervåking i Kystvann – Økokyst" har til hensikt å overvåke miljøtilstanden langs norskekysten i henhold til vannforskriften. Økokyst delprogram Norskehavet Sør dekker kyststrekningen fra Ulsteinvik i sør til Helgeland i nord. Av de 11 vannforekomster som kunne klassifiseres, fikk 1 “svært god” tilstand, 7 «god» tils...

The aim was to acquire knowledge about a selection of marine habitats in the Oslofjord, while also gaining practical experience with the NiN habitat classification system as a tool to meet the needs of management authorities. We also wanted to gain knowledge about changes in habitats previously mapped by the National Program for Mapping Biodiversit...

The vertical migrations performed by zooplankton at daily and seasonal scales are important for marine ecosystem dynamics and biogeochemical cycles. We analysed associations between seasonal variation in abundance and depth distribution of the copepod Calanus finmarchicus and temperature and predation pressure from visual (capelin and herring) and...

During the past decades, many high-latitude marine systems have experienced a strong warming trend with poorly understood consequences for trophic coupling and ecosystem functioning. A key knowledge gap is how timing and magnitude of phytoplankton blooms influence higher trophic levels. We investigated associations between timing and magnitude of p...

Talk at the 2021 ASLO Aquatic Science Meeting

Drift models are commonly used to study the transport of early life stages of fish and other marine organisms. Various approaches may be applied to examine the distribution and variability of ocean trajectory pathways. In the present study, we compare results using passive Eulerian tracers and Lagrangian float trajectories that are embedded in nume...

Formålet med prosjektet har vært å skaffe kunnskap om et utvalg marine naturtyper i Oslofjorden, og samtidig skaffe praktisk erfaring med NiN-systemet som verktøy for å dekke miljøforvaltningens behov. Gjennom feltkartlegging har vi skaffet kunnskap om endringer i naturtyper som er kartlagt tidligere i Nasjonalt program for kartlegging av biologisk...

The aim was to acquire knowledge about a selection of marine habitats in the Oslofjord, while also gaining practical experience with the NiN habitat classification system as a tool to meet the needs of management authorities. We also wanted to gain knowledge about changes in habitats previously mapped by the National Program for Mapping Biodiversit...

This report presents the main findings of the Nordic Blue Carbon Project (2017–2020) on the areal distribution and carbon budget of blue forests (kelp forests, seagrass meadows and rockweed beds) in the Nordic region. We have identified the main ecosystem effects of climate change and other human pressures on Nordic blue forests, tested the effect...

Late developmental stages of the marine copepods in the genus Calanus can spend extended periods in a dormant stage (diapause) that is preceded by the accumulation of large lipid stores. We assessed how lipid metabolism during development from the C4 stage to adult is altered in response to predation risk and varying food availability, to ultimatel...

The survival of fish eggs and larvae, and therefore recruitment success, can be critically affected by transport in ocean currents. Combining a model of early life stage dispersal with statistical stock‐recruitment models, we investigated the role of larval transport for recruitment variability across spatial scales for the population complex of No...

Diapause at depth is considered an integral part of the life cycle of Calanus copepods, but few studies have focused on the Arctic species Calanus glacialis and Calanus hyperboreus. By analyzing a large set of pan-arctic observational data compiled from multiple sources, we show that Arctic Calanus has a broad depth distribution in winter, indicati...

Variations in physical conditions caused by climate change are likely to have large influences on marine organisms, including phytoplankton. Here, we investigated associations between satellite-derived chlorophyll a data from the Barents Sea and 2 key abiotic factors: sea surface temperature and sea-ice concentration. Specifically, we investigated...

Transport with ocean currents affects the spatial distribution and survival of fish eggs and larvae and thereby population connectivity. Biophysical models are commonly used to understand these dynamics. Advancements such as implementing vertical swimming behaviour and higher resolution ocean circulation models are known to improve model performanc...

Despite the importance both in an ecological and management context, much uncertainty remains about the underlying factors controlling spawning ground use in marine fish. Here, we investigate how spawning ground use of Northeast Arctic (NEA) haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) has changed over time. By combining data from a Soviet-Russian egg survey...

As the world’s social-environmental problems increasingly extend across boundaries, both disciplinary and political, there is a growing need for interdisciplinarity, not only in research per se, but also in doctoral education. We present the common pitfalls of interdisciplinary research in doctoral education, illustrating approaches towards solutio...

Predator-mediated apparent competition is an indirect negative interaction between two prey species mediated by a shared predator. Quantifying such indirect ecosystem effects is methodologically challenging but important for understanding ecosystem functioning. Still, there are few examples of apparent competition from pelagic marine environments....

The copepod Calanus finmarchicus is an important part of the diet for several large fish stocks feeding in the Atlantic waters of the Barents Sea. Determining the origin of the new generation copepodites present on the Barents Sea shelf in spring can shed light on the importance of local versus imported production of C. finmarchicus biomass in this...

Mortality is notoriously difficult to estimate for zooplankton populations in the open ocean due to the confounding effect of advection. The vertical life table (VLT) approach is commonly used, but has been shown to be sensitive to both spatial and temporal trends in recruitment. Here, we estimate mortality rates of Calanus finmarchicus copepodites...

Oceans are exposed to anthropogenic climate change shifting marine systems toward potential instabilities. The physical, biological and social implications of such shifts can be assessed within individual scientific disciplines, but can only be fully under- stood by combining knowledge and expertise across disciplines. For climate change related pr...

Marine scientists broadly agree on which major processes influence the sustainability of marine environments worldwide. Recent studies argue that such shared perceptions crucially shape scientific agendas and are subject to a confirmation bias. Based on these findings a more explicit engagement with scientists’ (shared) perceptions of global change...

Temperature is considered one of the major factors shaping marine zooplankton distribution, abundance and phenology. During the past decades, the Barents Sea experienced strong temperature fluctuations, but previous studies have not identified a clear link between temperature and the dynamics of the key copepod species Calanus finmarchicus. We inve...

Fish farming is an important industry along the Norwegian west coast. This industry provides labor opportunities and financial income in areas that are often thinly populated. Fish are subject to diseases carried by pathogens. The value of the fish that are lost due to disease is worrisome, and emergent diseases continue to pose a severe challenge...

This work aims at characterising the seamount physiography and biology in the OSPAR Convention limits (north-east Atlantic Ocean) and Mediterranean Sea. We first inferred potential abundance, location and morphological characteristics of seamounts, and secondly, summarized the existing biological, geological and oceanographic in situ research, iden...

This work aims at characterising the seamount physiography and biology in the OSPAR Convention limits (northeast Atlantic Ocean) and Mediterranean Sea. We first inferred potential abundance, location and morphological characteristics of seamounts, and secondly, summarized the existing biological, geological and oceanographic in situ research , iden...

This work aims at characterising the seamount physiography and biology in the OSPAR Convention limits (North-East Atlantic Ocean) and Mediterranean Sea. We first inferred potential abundance, location and morphological characteristics of seamounts, and secondly, summarized the existing biological, geological and oceanographic in-situ re-5 search, i...

In the last twenty years, several global targets for protection of marine biodiversity have been adopted but have failed. The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) aims at preserving 10% of all the marine biomes by 2020. For achieving this goal, ecologically or biologically significant areas (EBSA) have to be identified in all biogeographic regi...

List of habitat-forming Hexacorallia, Octocorallia and hydroids (adapted from Roberts et al. 2009). In bold the most conspicuous cold-water taxa. (DOCX)

Guidelines for scoring human-induced threats to individual seamounts. (DOCX)

Scoring standards used to assess the information quality regarding the human activities occurring at a seamount. (DOCX)

Description of the information used to evaluate the seamounts’ EBSA likelihood and threats. (DOCX)

Scoring standards used to assess the data quality of the EBSSA indicators. (DOCX)