Kristin M. Perrone

Ball State University · Department of Counseling Psychology Social Psychology and Counseling

Recent advances in the field of neuroscience have dramatically changed our understanding of brain-behavior relationships. In this article, we illustrate how neuroscience can provide a conceptual and methodological framework to understand our clients within a transdiagnostic developmental perspective. We provide directions for integrating neuroscien...

In the present study, we examined group differences in Error-Related Negativity (ERN) based on perfectionism and emotional intelligence (EIQ). ERN is an ERP component that is generated in the anterior cingulate cortex and peaks 60–150 ms after making an error response on a task. The amplitude of the ERN after making a mistake reflects individual di...

The purpose of this article is to serve as a guide for counseling psychologists to learn about a neuroscience methodology that can be used to study psychotherapy change processes. Event-related potential (ERP) is a specific type of electroencephalography that can be time-locked to a stimulus and thus allows researchers to examine neural responses t...

We investigated how attachment anxiety and empathy for pain influence female participants’ attention to negative social stimuli, measured with the Event-Related Potentials technique. Participants underwent a cold-bottle pain stimulation task, and were given a manipulated empathy rating from a falsified observer. They then completed an oddball discr...

Introduction In order to understand implicit biases, we examined participants’ preconscious neural activity when viewing photos of differing racial combinations of same-sex male couples. Method P200 amplitudes measured preconscious neural activity while viewing photo stimuli. Result Participants engaged in preconscious categorization of all three...

Presentation of experimental lab study to examine neural activity underlying an attentional control task and the potential changes in this neural activity after the completion of a mindfulness exercise. Mindfulness was induced using a virtual reality exercise. Poster includes literature, hypotheses, and methods given the project was delayed due to...

In this chapter, we provide a historical view of the field of counseling psychology, including a history of the ways in which neuropsychological research has informed interventions within the field of counseling psychology over the years. We discuss the influence of related fields, such as rehabilitation psychology and counseling health psychology,...

We describe results from an empirical study of neural correlates associated with avoidant and anxious attachment. Participants were given a task designed to produce a high rate of errors while their brain waves were measured using electroencephalography (EEG). In the current study, we examined the relationship of anxious and avoidant attachment to...

Bullying during childhood can have negative effects on mental health that last into adulthood and can manifest as shame, but little is known about factors that could attenuate the relationship between bullying in childhood and shame in adulthood. Three hundred twenty-two college students completed surveys regarding bullying and cyberbullying in chi...

Previous studies about romantic relationships have shown that the reciprocal influence between partners occurs not only at the behavioral and socio-emotional levels, but also at the psychophysiological level. This reciprocal influence is expressed in a pattern of physiological synchrony between partners (i.e., coordinated dynamics of the physiologi...

The ability to regulate our own physiological arousal when dealing with the emotional expression of our partner is crucial for satisfactory and stable intimate relationships. In previous physiological studies of marital interactions, researchers have found greater levels of psychophysiological arousal for members of the couple in conflictual intera...

The importance of a college degree is underscored by higher unemployment rates of individuals who have not completed college (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2014). Academic and career self-efficacy influence students' completion of college, and 1st-generation college students and those under financial strain may experience decreased self-efficacy (Woh...

The current study is a quantitative exploration of the relationships between attachment security, childhood sexual trauma, sexual self-esteem, and subjective well-being. It was predicted that higher levels of secure attachment, lower presence of childhood sexual trauma and higher levels of sexual self-esteem would contribute to higher levels of sub...

Abstract Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a condition that can have diverse and wide-ranging effects. Individuals who sustain TBIs often experience a unique constellation of symptoms with cognitive, emotional, and physical sequelae. These symptoms can have deleterious effects on romantic relationships. Despite this potential impact on romantic funct...

This study compares the behavioral and attitudinal career commitment of college students, then examines the influences of parental attachment and separation on career commitment. Undergraduates (N = 195) from 3 academic programs were surveyed: a combined degree program that accepts students simultaneously into bachelor's and medical programs, preme...

Recent advances in the field of cognitive neuroscience have led to a call for counsellors to translate new knowledge about brain-mind relationships into counselling practice. In this article, we address how counsellors can bring neuroscience into their practice with clients across developmental life stages by utilizing interventions that promote po...

This study focuses on intellectual and emotional overexcitabilities and their relationship to emotional intelligence and subjective well-being. Dabrowski’s (1964) theory of positive disintegration (TPD), which proposes that optimum personality development involves the breaking down of current psychological structures, in which individuals conscious...

A sample of 791 college students between the ages of 18 and 25 years were administered a series of measures to determine their sexual identity development status (MoSEIC), global self-esteem (RSES), global psychological distress (OQ-45), sexual-esteem and sexual distress. A 4 X 2 MANOVA (Sexual Identity Development Status X Sexual Orientation) was...

In this study, we examined interrelationships among emotional overexcitability, perfectionism, emotion regulation, and subjective well-being. Dabrowski and Piechowski’s theoretical conceptualization of overexcitabilities and J. J. Gross and John’s constructs of emotion regulation strategies provided a framework to guide hypotheses in the present st...

The purpose of this study was to utilize Event-related potential (ERP) techniques to understand the effects of emotional intelligence (EIQ) and perfectionism on Error-related negativity (ERN), an ERP component that is generated in the anterior cingulate cortex (e.g., Dehaene, Posner, & Tucker, 1994) and peaks 60-110 milliseconds after making an err...

The current study is a qualitative exploration of the adjustment experiences of Saudi women students in the United States, using quotes of the participants to demonstrate the variety and complexity of responses. Participants included 25 Saudi women international students who were attending colleges and universities across the United States. Grounde...

This study focused on prenatal and perinatal factors related to Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). We hypothesized that mothers who exposed their infants to intrauterine toxicity or who had complications with labor or delivery would be more likely to give birth to individuals with lower IQ scores, higher scores on a measure of ASD, and lower scores on...

Long-term exposure to transmeridian flights has been shown to impact cognitive functioning. Nevertheless, the immediate effects of jet lag in the activation of specific brain networks have not been investigated. We analyzed the impact of short-term jet lag on the activation of the default mode network (DMN). A group of individuals who were on a tra...

Multiple factors influence the ways in which men and women combine work and family roles. Career counselors and other career development professionals must be cognizant of the cultural shifts in gender roles and the unique perspectives of younger generations regarding work–family interface. Workplace characteristics, economic trends, and personal v...

The integration of attachment theory with social cognitive career theory provided a clear and comprehensive theoretical framework for this study. Results from structural equation modeling indicated that perceived support and career barriers mediated the relationship between attachment and efficacy in students (N = 486). Participants who were more s...

The present research builds upon the extant literature as it assesses psychophysiological factors in relation to empathy, conflict resolution, and romantic relationship satisfaction. In this study, we examined physiological reactivity of individuals in the context of emotionally laden interactions with their romantic partners. Participants (N = 31)...

The present research builds upon the extant literature as it assesses psychophysiological factors in relation to empathy, conflict resolution, and romantic relationship satisfaction. In this study, we examined physiological reactivity of individuals in the context of emotionally laden interactions with their romantic partners. Participants (N = 31)...

Spousal giftedness, dual-career status, and gender were studied in relation to marital and life satisfaction among gifted adults. The data for the present study were collected twice over a 5-year period in order to examine the stability of the findings over time. Results indicated that marital satisfaction was significantly related to life satisfac...

Spousal giftedness, dual-career status, and gender were studied in relation to marital and life satisfaction among gifted adults. The data for the present study were collected twice over a 5-year period in order to examine the stability of the findings over time. Results indicated that marital satisfaction was significantly related to life satisfac...

In this study, major life decisions of gifted adults were examined in relation to life satisfaction. Participants were 57 gifted adults who have been participating in a longitudinal study over the last two decades. Qualitative data were collected via written and online surveys, and were analyzed by a research team using phenomenological, postpositi...

Men are choosing to enter nontraditional careers with greater frequency. In this article, the authors examine nontraditional career choices made by men and review current empirical literature relevant to this topic. Gottfredson's (1981, 1996) theory of circumscription and compromise and Holland's (1997) career choice theory are used as frameworks t...

The focus of this study was on gifted adults' perceptions of multigenerational giftedness in their families. Participants have been surveyed annually since their high school graduation in 1988. The purpose of the longitudinal study is to gain insight into the career and life development of gifted individuals post-high school. For the present follow...

The study examined interrelationships between attachment, social self-efficacy, career decision-making self-efficacy, and life satisfaction. Social cognitive career theory and attachment theory were integrated to provide a framework for this study. A conceptual model was proposed and tested to determine if social self-efficacy and career decision s...

The purpose of this study was to examine career expectations and outcomes for individuals who were identified as academically talented high school students. Data for this study were collected at two different time periods: 10 years and 20 years after participants’ high school graduation. A decade after graduation from high school, participants desc...

The purpose of this study was to learn about gifted adults' experiences in advanced classes and attitudes about advanced classes or gifted programs for their children. Participants were 88 adults (33 men and 55 women) who have been participating in a longitudinal study of academically talented individuals since their high-school graduation in 1988....

In this article, we examine traditional and nontraditional gender roles and work—family interface for men and women. Recent empirical literature is reviewed and implications for career counselors are discussed. We discuss changing gender roles in career, marriage, and parenting and provide strategies for helping clients to cope with work—family rol...

There has been a significant amount of research investigation focused on the construct of attachment, and also a significant amount of research investigation using the social cognitive career theory (SCCT). More recently, researchers have investigated the influence of attachment on career-related variables. Studies that focus on both attachment and...

Definitions of giftedness and self‐perceptions of abilities were examined among adults who have been participating in a longitudinal study of academically talented students since their high‐school graduation in 1988. For the present study, participants answered open‐ended questions and completed scales measuring adult giftedness and adult self‐perc...

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between parental attachment and satisfaction with work and family roles, as well as the relationship of these variables to life satisfaction. Results from a multiple regression analysis indicated that satisfaction with work and marriage, but not parenting satisfaction or parental attachment,...

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship of spirituality to work and family roles and life satisfaction among gifted adults. Satisfaction with work and family roles was examined in combination with spiritual well-being in order to study the contribution each makes to variance in life satisfaction. Both quantitative and qualitative...

The current study examines marital satisfaction from the perspective of a well spouse who is responsible for caregiving a spouse with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Forty spouses of individuals with MS completed questionnaires. A multiple regression analysis was conducted to determine the relationship of love, satisfaction with physical intimacy, communi...

The objective of this study is to achieve a better understanding of the interrelationships between work and family commitment, work-family conflict, coping, and satisfaction with work and family roles. Super's life-span, life-space theory provides a framework for the study. Participants (N= 154) are married, employed, college graduates who complete...

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship of spirituality to work and family roles and life satisfaction among gifted adults. Satisfaction with work and family roles was examined in combination with spiritual well-being in order to study the contribution each makes to variance in life satisfaction. Both quantitative and qualitative...

The impact of role congruence and role conflict on work, marital, and life satisfaction was studied using Super's life-span, life-space theory. A conceptual model of relationships between these variables was proposed, and gender differences were examined. Participants were 35 male and 60 female college graduates who completed surveys by mail. Resul...

The author highlights information for career counselors to consider when addressing work-family interface with individuals who are members of same-sex, dual-earner couples or families. D. E. Super's (1990) lifespan , life-space theory is the framework used to organize the literature review and discussion of current trends. Issues related to the rol...

The author highlights information for career counselors to consider when addressing work-family interface with individuals who are members of same-sex, dual-earner couples or families. D. E. Super's (1990) life-span, life-space theory is the framework used to organize the literature review and discussion of current trends. Issues related to the rol...

The authors examined the relationships among life role salience, role strain, coping efficacy, and life satisfaction for adults (N = 125) who combine multiple life roles. Causal modeling procedures were used to test hypotheses based on D. E. Super's (1980, 1990) life-span, life-space theory and the social cognitive career theory (R. W. Lent, S. D....

Perceived barriers to and supports of the attainment of career and family goals were examined. Participants were adults taking part in a longitudinal study of academically talented students. Qualitative data yielded information regarding participants' goals as well as perceived barriers to and supports of goal attainment. Quantitative data were use...

Chronic illness impacts all members of the family particularly when the person with the illness requires caregiving assistance. Although caregiver research has focused previously on older adults, the emphasis of this literature review is on younger and middle-aged individuals in caregiver marriages. For this population, the number of roles that nee...

In addition to pervasive negative social attitudes toward people with disabilities, research has also shown that a hierarchical order of social acceptance of disabilities exists. Within this hierarchical order of social desirability, mental retardation and mental illness have consistently been identified as the least accepted disabilities in social...

The purpose of this study was to develop and test a short form of the Adult Career Concerns Inventory (ACCI; D. E. Super, A. S. Thompson, & R. H. Lindeman, 1988), a measure of career stage that is based on D. E. Super's (1990) theory of career development. Participants were 260 college students who completed surveys. Examination of Cronbach's alpha...

In this article, the ecological model of career development (E. P. Cook, M. J. Heppner, & K. M. O'Brien, 2002) is applied to a case example. The individual described in the case example faces issues of sexual harassment in the workplace as well as challenges related to being part of a dual-career marriage. The author suggests career counseling stra...

The purpose of this study was to examine barriers to and facilitators of career goals among college students in the framework of the Social Cognitive Career Theory (R. W. Lent, S. D. Brown, & G. Hackétt, 1994). Questionnaires were completed by 2,743 college freshmen. Chi-square tests and MANOVA were used to analyze the data. The authors found gende...

The purpose of this study was to examine barriers to and facilitators of career goals among college students in the framework of the Social Cognitive Career Theory (R. W. Lent, S. D. Brown, & G. Hackett, 1994). Questionnaires were completed by 2,743 college freshmen. Chi-square tests and MANOVA were used to analyze the data. The authors found gende...

In the present study, the authors proposed and tested a model of marital quality among individuals (52 men, 55 women) in dual-career marriages. The model was constructed within a social role framework and includes variables that positively influence marital quality, those that negatively influence marital quality, and those that mediate the relatio...

In the present study, the authors proposed and tested a model of marital quality among individuals (52 men, 55 women) in dual-career marriages. The model was constructed within a social role framework and includes variables that positively influence marital quality, those that negatively influence marital quality, and those that mediate the relatio...

The purpose of this study is to examine group cohesiveness and client satisfaction for clients in homogenous and heterogenous counseling groups. Social identity theory provides a conceptual framework for this research. Questionnaires were completed by 32 group counseling clients at a university counseling center. Results showed a significant relati...

The authors examined self-efficacy and perceived importance of several career counseling competencies among counselors in school settings (N = 567). The social cognitive career theory was used as a conceptual framework. Participants completed a modified version of the Career Counseling Self-Efficacy Scale (CCSES) that also included an importance ra...

A study guided by Super's Life Span, Life Space approach included a survey of 119 women and 66 men about sacrifices made in life and work roles to achieve balance and satisfaction. Differences in sacrifices and satisfaction were related to the combination of life roles they occupied. (SK)

Strategic hope-focused relationship enrichment is a brief, eclectic, research-based program to enhance couples' relationships. Couples ( N = 51; 16 married, 24 cohabiting, 11 engaged) completed 5 sessions of enrichment counseling ( n = 26) or 3 written assessments ( n = 25) from 1 of 12 counselors. Couples receiving enrichment counseling had higher...