Kristin V Carson-Chahhoud

Kristin V Carson-Chahhoud
University of South Australia | UniSA · School of Health Sciences

Doctorate in Medicine (PhD), Masters of Science in Public Policy and Management (MSPPM)

About

185
Publications
30,831
Reads
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5,796
Citations
Introduction
A/Prof Kristin Carson-Chahhoud is an Associate Research Professor and NHMRC Fellow with a particular interest in using novel technologies such as augmented reality, holographic technology and virtual reality, as a mechanism to deliver evidence-based medicine. Additional broad research interests include: translational health research, respiratory medicine, Aboriginal health, mental health, cardiovascular diseases and tobacco avoidance. A/Prof Carson-Chahhoud has extensive experience producing evidence through Cochrane systematic analyses, qualitative research and multi-centre randomised controlled trials. However, she places greater emphasis on what happens to research evidence after it is produced, through dissemination of information into policy, practice and for the public.
Additional affiliations
November 2012 - present
The Queen Elizabeth Hospital
Position
  • Blinded, placebo controlled RCT of paroxetine for the treatment of anxiety in COPD patients
Description
  • A blinded, placebo controlled, RCT is underway across 5 hospitals in South Australia to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of Paroxetine (a SSRI) for the treatment of anxiety in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
February 2010 - present
University of Adelaide
Position
  • Indigenous tobacco cessation and prevention research (world wide)
Description
  • We are currently evaluating the existing evidence around tobacco cessation and prevention initiatives world wide, which are culturally tailored for Indigenous populations
February 2010 - present
University of Adelaide
Position
  • Barriers and facilitators around improving Aboriginal health
Description
  • Through mixed method research we are evaluating barriers and facilitators for culturally tailored tobacco cessation and prevention iniatitives, doctor visits, participation in research and health improvement programs for Aboriginal Australians
Education
January 2016 - July 2018
Carnegie Mellon University Australia
Field of study
  • CMU-A Scholar (part-time) and University Ambassador
February 2011 - July 2015
University of Adelaide
Field of study
  • Medicine (part-time student)
February 2004
Training and Further Education South Australia - TAFE SA
Field of study
  • Diploma Laboratory Medicine

Publications

Publications (185)
Article
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Introduction Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-limiting autosomal recessive genetic condition. It is caused by mutations in the gene that encodes for a chloride and bicarbonate conducting transmembrane channel. X-ray velocimetry (XV) is a novel form of X-ray imaging that can generate lung ventilation data through the breathing cycle. XV technology has...
Preprint
At the beginning of the current pandemic, it was believed that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection would induce lifelong immunity and that reinfections would be unlikely. However, after several cases of reinfection were documented in previously infected patients, this was understood to be a false assumption, and t...
Article
Introduction: Educational interventions for asthma inhaler technique have been identified as successful in improving technique in children, yet inhaler technique has not improved over time. New approaches should be considered, including the use of technology-based interventions such as smartphone and tablet applications. Adoption and implementatio...
Article
Remdesivir has appeared to be the most effective medication against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and is broadly administered to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients around the world. Remdesivir is an RNA polymerase inhibitor with a broad spectrum of antiviral activities against RNA viruses in in...
Preprint
BACKGROUND The following co-design research method details the iterative process developed to identify health professional recommendations for the graphical user interface (GUI) of an artificial intelligence (AI) enabled risk prediction tool. Driving the decision to include a co-design process is the belief that choices regarding the aesthetic and...
Article
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Background: This co-design research method details the iterative process developed to identify health professional recommendations for the graphical user interface (GUI) of an artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled risk prediction tool. Driving the decision to include a co-design process is the belief that choices regarding the aesthetic and functio...
Article
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Abstract Background Lower respiratory infections (LRIs) cause substantial mortality and morbidity. The present study reported and analysed the burden of LRIs in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region between 1990 and 2019, by age, sex, etiology, and socio-demographic index (SDI). Methods The data used in this study were sourced from the Glo...
Article
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Objective To report the global, regional, and national burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its attributable risk factors between 1990 and 2019, by age, sex, and sociodemographic index. Design Systematic analysis. Data source Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Main outcome measures Data on the prevalence, deaths, and disa...
Article
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Background To report the burden of cancers attributable to high fasting plasma glucose (HFPG) by sex, age, location, cancer type and Socio-demographic Index (SDI) over the period 1990 to 2019 for 204 countries and territories. Methods Using the Comparative Risk Assessment approach of Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2019, the burden of cancers...
Article
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Background Inhaled medications or inhalers provide first-line pharmacotherapeutic treatment for patients with asthma for both acute symptomatic relief and long-term management to keep symptoms under control. A good technique requires only basic instruction and training; however, a recent study identified that 92% of children do not follow all corre...
Article
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Background: Smartphone and tablet apps that deliver health care education have been identified as effective in improving patient knowledge and treatment adherence in asthma populations. Despite asthma being the most common chronic disease in pediatrics, there are few apps that are targeted specifically for children. Only half of children with asth...
Preprint
BACKGROUND Smartphone and tablet apps that deliver health care education have been identified as effective in improving patient knowledge and treatment adherence in asthma populations. Despite asthma being the most common chronic disease in pediatrics, there are few apps that are targeted specifically for children. Only half of children with asthma...
Article
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Background: Cancers are leading causes of mortality and morbidity, with smoking being recognized as a significant risk factor for many types of cancer. We aimed to report the cancer burden attributable to tobacco smoking by sex, age, socio-demographic index (SDI), and cancer type in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Methods: The b...
Article
Study question: What is the global, regional and national burden of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), by age and socio-demographic index (SDI), over the period 1990-2019? Summary answer: In 2019, the global age-standardized point prevalence, incidence and years lived with disability (YLD) of PCOS were 30.4, 29.5 and 29.9 per 100 000 population,...
Article
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The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has led to the infection of many people across the globe, over six million deaths, and has placed an unprecedented burden on public health worldwide. The pandemic has led to the high-speed development and production of vaccines against the COVID-19, as vaccines can end the pandemic. At the beginning of the program, vacci...
Preprint
Full-text available
Remdesivir has appeared to be the most effective medication against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and is broadly administered to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients around the world. Remdesivir is an RNA polymerase inhibitor with a broad spectrum of antiviral activities against RNA viruses i...
Article
Full-text available
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has various presentations, of which immune dysregulation or the so‐called cytokine storm syndrome (COVID‐CSS) is prominent. Even though cytokines are vital regulators of body immunoinflammatory responses, their exaggerated release can be harmful. This hyperinflammatory response is more commonly observed durin...
Article
Background: Alcohol consumption is a risk factor for a number of communicable and non-communicable diseases, including several types of cancer. This article reports the burden of cancers attributable to alcohol consumption by age, sex, location, sociodemographic index (SDI), and cancer type from 1990 to 2019. Methods: The Comparative Risk Assess...
Article
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Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity across the globe. Providing comprehensive data on the burden of stroke in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) could be useful for health policy makers in the region. Therefore, this article reported the burden of stroke and its attributable risk factors between 1990 and 2019 by age,...
Article
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Since the start of the pandemic, thrombotic events have been a well‐known and severe complication associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection. Nevertheless, the initiation of vaccination programs brought another rare yet highly fatal thrombotic event, vaccine‐induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopaenia, wh...
Article
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Although cellular and molecular mediators of the immune system have the potential to be prognostic indicators of disease outcomes, temporal interference between diseases might affect the immune mediators, and make them difficult to predict disease complications. Today one of the most important challenges is predicting the prognosis of COVID-19 in t...
Article
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A novel coronavirus, or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was identified as the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In early 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 the sixth public health emergency of international concern. The COVID-19 pandemic has substantially affected many groups wi...
Article
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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a catastrophic contagious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Electrolyte disturbances are common complications of COVID-19. The present article examined the potential mechanisms of hypokalemia and hyperkalemia in patients suffering from COVID-19, in order to raise a...
Preprint
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Background: Australia has one of the highest rates of asthma prevalence worldwide, with almost one in 10 children affected. The mental health and wellbeing of asthmatic children is reported to be significantly more impacted than non-asthmatic peers; affecting both asthma management and their overall quality of life. The relationship between asthma...
Preprint
BACKGROUND Interactive, mixed-reality technologies such as augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR) and holographic technology may provide a novel, low-cost solution to fast-track the translation of evidence into practice; and may help overcome barriers to both mental health and asthma management service uptake. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study...
Article
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Background: Interactive, mixed reality technologies such as augmented reality, virtual reality, and holographic technology may provide a novel solution to fast-track the translation of evidence into practice. They may also help overcome barriers to both mental health and asthma management service uptake, such as cost, availability of appointments,...
Article
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Vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is a crucial step in ending the current worldwide pandemic. However, several particularly vulnerable groups in the population were not included in sufficient numbers in coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid‐19) vaccine trials. Therefore, as science advances, the advice for v...
Article
Background Understanding global trends in the point prevalence, deaths and disability adjusted life years (DALYs) for asthma will facilitate evidence-based decision making. Research Question What is the global, regional and national burden of asthma in 204 countries and territories between 1990 and 2019, by age, sex and socio-demographic index (SD...
Article
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Asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition of the airways with a heterogenous symptom profile. When symptoms are poorly controlled and frequent, asthma sufferers are impacted regularly, with limitations on physical activities and sleep disturbances, significantly impairing quality of life. Asthma is highly prevalent and the leading cause of disease...
Article
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Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide, with a substantial proportion of the asthma population being children and adolescents. Self-management is recognized as a key component to asthma management, with multiple international guidelines emphasizing the need for adequate self-management skills for good asthma control. Unfortunat...
Article
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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Electrolyte disorders particularly potassium abnormalities have been repeatedly reported as common clinical manifestations of COVID-19. Here, we discuss how SARS-CoV-2 may affect potassium balance by impairi...
Article
The last few decades have seen a pandemic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which continues to cause substantial morbidity and mortality. ABO blood groups are anthropological and genetic characteristics of a population whose associations with HIV infection are still controversial. This systematic revie...
Article
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Aims This study aims to identify critically important features of digital type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prevention interventions. Methods A stakeholder mapping exercise was undertaken to identify key end-user and professional stakeholders, followed by a three-round Delphi procedure to generate and evaluate evidence statements related to the cr...
Article
Purpose Overwhelming distress exceeds the capacity of healthy coping strategies to feel better using healthy coping strategies alone, resulting in the use of unhealthy coping strategies. Unhealthy coping strategies may exacerbate asthma symptoms and asthma can contribute to overwhelming distress. This study aimed to review the modifiable drivers of...
Article
BNT162b2 and mRNA‐1273 are two types of mRNA‐based vaccine platforms that have received emergency use authorization. The emergence of novel severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS‐CoV‐2) variants has raised concerns of reduced sensitivity to neutralization by their elicited antibodies. We aimed to systematically review the most recent in vitro stud...
Article
Coronavirus disease (Covid-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is currently the largest health crisis facing most countries. Several factors have been linked with a poor prognosis for this disease, including demographic factors, pre-existing comorbidities and laboratory parameters such as white blood cell co...
Article
Background: Asthma and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) are common medical conditions that frequently co-exist. GORD has been postulated as a trigger for asthma; however, evidence remains conflicting. Proposed mechanisms by which GORD causes asthma include direct airway irritation from micro-aspiration and vagally mediated oesophagobronchi...
Article
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The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is considered a global catastrophe that has overwhelmed health care systems. Since initiation of the pandemic, identification of characteristics that might influence risk of infection and poor disease outcomes have been of par...
Article
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Australia has one of the highest asthma prevalence rates in the world, with this chronic and debilitating condition affecting one in nine people. The health and mental wellbeing of young people with asthma are worse than not only their peers without asthma but also worse than that of people with asthma at other ages. Psychological interventions cou...
Article
Introduction Understanding trends in the annual incidence, mortality and disability adjusted life years (DALYs) for tracheal, bronchus and lung (TBL) cancers globally is important to enable appropriate targeting of resources for prevention, clinical practice improvement, and research. The aim of this study was to determine the global, regional and...
Article
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Objective To report the levels and trends of prevalence, deaths, and disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) due to musculoskeletal disorders, categorized as low back pain, neck pain, osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), gout, and other musculoskeletal disorders, across 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2017 according to age, sex...
Article
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Background: Soy has several beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease (CVD); however, results of clinical trial studies are equivocal. Thus, the present study sought to discern the efficacy of soy intake on blood pressure. Methods: The search process was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, to ascertain studies i...
Article
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Objective To describe the levels and trends of point prevalence, annual incidence, and years lived with disability (YLD) for gout and its attributable risk factors in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2017 according to age, sex, and Sociodemographic Index (SDI; a composite of sociodemographic factors). Methods Data were extracted from the...
Article
Objectives: To describe the level and trends of point prevalence, deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for other musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders, i.e. those not covered by specific estimates generated for RA, OA, low back pain, neck pain and gout, from 1990 to 2017 by age, sex and sociodemographic index. Methods: Publicly available...
Article
Background: Communication with indigenous patients is often a problem for health staff in Australia. Aim: This paper examines the barriers and enablers in communication between health staff and Indigenous carers of paediatric patients in a hospital, about advice to help reduce exposure of children to second-hand smoke (SHS). Methods: Non-indigenous...
Article
Introduction A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials was undertaken to evaluate the effect of diacerein intake on cardiometabolic profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods Electronic databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials...
Article
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The TSANZ develops position statements where insufficient data exist to write formal clinical guidelines. In 2018, the TSANZ addressed the question of potential benefits and health impacts of electronic cigarettes (EC). The working party included groups focused on health impacts, smoking cessation, youth issues and priority populations. The 2018 re...
Article
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Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent disorder which accounts for 90–95% of diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of menaquinone (MK-7) supplementation on glycemic indices, anthropometric indices and lipid profile, among patients with T2DM. Methods In this double-blind placebo-controlled randomized...
Article
Objective The effect of voglibose on metabolic homeostasis is not well characterized. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials assessing the effect of voglibose on metabolic profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Google...
Article
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Introduction Varenicline tartrate is superior for smoking cessation to other tobacco cessation therapies by 52 weeks, in the outpatient setting. We aimed to evaluate the long-term (104 week) efficacy following a standard course of inpatient-initiated varenicline tartrate plus Quitline-counselling compared to Quitline-counselling alone. Methods Adu...
Article
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Background Both genetic and nongenetic factors can predispose individuals to cardiovascular risk. Finding ways to alter these predispositions is important for cardiovascular disease prevention. Methods and Results We used a novel whole‐genome approach to estimate the genetic and nongenetic effects on—and hence their predispositions to—cardiovascul...
Article
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of pharmacological interventions for the treatment of psychological distress in people with asthma. Data sources: Electronic searches were performed in Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed/Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, Health Technology Asses...
Article
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a global leading cause of morbidity and mortality, characterised by acute deterioration in symptoms. During these exacerbations, people are prone to developing alveolar hypoventilation, which may be partly caused by the administration of high inspired oxygen concentrations. Objectives:...
Article
Diabetes mellitus and pre‐diabetes are prevalent endocrine disorders associated with substantial morbidity and premature mortality. Vitamin K is known to have several beneficial effects on complications of diabetes and pre‐diabetes. However, systematic consolidation of evidence is required to quantify these effects in order to inform clinical pract...
Article
Background: Community pharmacists could provide effective smoking cessation treatment because they offer easy access to members of the community. They are well placed to provide both advice on the correct use of smoking cessation products and behavioural support to aid smoking cessation. Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of interventions d...
Article
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This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: Main objectives To determine the efficacy of psychological interventions in modifying health and behavioural outcomes in children with asthma, compared with usual treatment. Secondary objectives To compare efficacy of different types of psychological interventio...
Preprint
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Both genetic and non-genetic factors can predispose individuals to cardiovascular risk. Finding ways to alter these predispositions is important for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention. Here, we use a novel whole-genome framework to estimate genetic and non-genetic effects on, hence their predispositions to, cardiovascular risk and determine wh...
Article
Objectives This study aimed to examine the impact of the ‘ICAN QUIT in Pregnancy’ intervention on individual health providers (HPs) smoking cessation care (SCC) knowledge, attitudes and practices in general, and specifically regarding nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) prescription. Design Step-wedge clustered randomised controlled study. HPs answe...
Article
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Objective: The objective of the review was to identify, critically appraise and synthesize the best available qualitative evidence to understand the lived experiences of parents and carers caring for a child aged 0-18 years with asthma in any setting and managing their condition. Introduction: Asthma affects around 14% of children and despite th...
Article
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Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been recognised as a global health concern, and one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Projections of the World Health Organization (WHO) indicate that prevalence rates of COPD continue to increase, and by 2030, it will become the world's third leading cause of d...
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Background: Studies report that up to 80% of individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may struggle with symptoms of depression. However, this major comorbidity in COPD is rarely managed effectively. A number of recent studies indicate that left untreated, COPD-related depression is associated with worse quality of life, worse...
Article
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Background Currently, there is a lack of guidelines for the use of short-acting bronchodilators (SABD) in people admitted to hospital for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), despite routine use in practice and risk of cardiac adverse events. Aim To review the evidence that underpins use and optimal dose, in terms...
Article
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Background: Many health providers (HPs) lack knowledge, confidence, optimism and skills in addressing smoking with pregnant women. This study aimed to explore the feasibility and acceptability of a) a co-designed multi-component intervention for HPs at Aboriginal Medical Services (AMSs) in culturally-targeted pregnancy- specific smoking cessation...
Article
Rates of anxiety symptoms in patients with COPD range from 13% to 51%, which is higher than rates for patients with other chronic diseases, yet evidence underpinning the effectiveness of the various treatment options is lacking. The aim of this review was to assess the efficacy and safety of both pharmacological and psychological interventions for...