Kost Elisevich

Michigan State University | MSU · Department of Surgery

Purpose: We assess whether alterations in the convolutional anatomy of the deep perisylvian area (DPSA) might indicate focal epileptogenicity. Materials and methods: The DPSA of each hemisphere was segmented on MRI and a 3D gray-white matter interface (GWMI) geometrical model was constructed. Comparative visual and quantitative assessment of the...

The ventral precuneal and posterior cingulate area (VP-PC) represents a distinct but topographically variable mesial parietal site of epileptogenicity that may manifest as a common temporal lobe-mediated ictal expression. In a review of records of 62 presumptive epilepsy surgery cases, two cases of primary epileptogenicity expressed within the VP-P...

The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in patients with treatment-refractory trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and examine the utility of neuroimaging methods in identifying markers of such efficacy. Six patients with classical TN refractory to maximal medical treatment, underwent tDCS (three c...

Purpose: A prospective study of individual and combined quantitative imaging applications for lateralizing epileptogenicity was performed in a cohort of consecutive patients with a putative diagnosis of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE). Methods: Quantitative metrics were applied to MRI and nuclear medicine imaging studies as part of a comprehen...

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine if corticothalamic responsive stimulation targeting the centromedian nucleus of the thalamus (CMT) is a potential treatment for neocortical epilepsies with regional onsets. Methods: We assessed efficacy and safety of CMT and neocortical responsive stimulation, detection, and stimulation programmin...

Objective: To investigate the application of graph theory with functional connectivity to distinguish left from right temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Methods: Alterations in functional connectivity within several brain networks - default mode (DMN), attention (AN), limbic (LN), sensorimotor (SMN) and visual (VN) - were examined using resting-state...

Objective To investigate the pattern and severity of hippocampal subfield volume loss in patients with left and right mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) using quantitative MRI volumetric analysis.MethodsA total of 21 left and 14 right mTLE subjects, as well as 15 healthy controls, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. A publically availabl...

Segmentation of brain structures in a large dataset of magnetic resonance images (MRI) necessitates automatic segmentation instead of manual tracing. Automatic segmentation methods provide a much-needed alternative to manual segmentation which is both labor intensive and time-consuming. Among brain structures, the hippocampus presents a challenging...

K-Means is one of the most popular clustering algorithms that partitions observations into nonoverlapping subgroups based on a predefined similarity metric. Its drawbacks include a sensitivity to noisy features and a dependency of its resulting clusters upon the initial selection of cluster centroids resulting in the algorithm converging to local o...

Background and objective Multimodal data analysis and large-scale computational capability is entering medicine in an accelerative fashion and has begun to influence investigational work in a variety of disciplines. It is also informing us of therapeutic interventions that will come about with such development. Epilepsy is a chronic brain disorder...

Background: Leukoaraiosis has been shown to impact functional outcomes after acute ischemic stroke. However, its association with domain specific recovery after ischemic stroke is uncertain. We sought to determine whether pre-existing leukoaraiosis is associated with short-term motor and cognitive recovery after stroke. Methods: We retrospective...

The current study examines algorithmic approaches for analysis of multimodal attributes in localization-related epilepsy (LRE), specifically, their impact on the selection of patients for surgical consideration. Invasive electrographic data is excluded here to concentrate upon the localized anatomical landmarks and identified/initialized brain stru...

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199137.].

Background: Neuromodulatory applications such as vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) and responsive neurostimulation (RNS) are safe and effective strategies for medically intractable epilepsy secondary to complex partial seizures, but researchers have yet to compare their efficacies. Objective: The goal of this study is to compare VNS and RNS efficacy...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE This study evaluates the contribution of an automated amygdalar fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) signal analysis for the lateralization of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE). METHODS Sixty‐nine patients (27 M, 42 F) who had undergone surgery and achieved an Engel class Ia postoperative outcome were identified as...

Purpose This study systematically investigates the predictive power of volumetric imaging feature sets extracted from select neuroanatomical sites in lateralizing the epileptogenic focus in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) patients. Methods A cohort of 68 unilateral mTLE patients who had achieved an Engel class I outcome postsurgically was stu...

Real-time detection of seizure activity in epilepsy patients is critical in averting seizure activity and improving patients' quality of life. Accurate evaluation, presurgical assessment, seizure prevention, and emergency alerts all depend on the rapid detection of seizure onset. A new method of feature selection and classification for rapid and pr...

Developing a Brain-Computer Interface~(BCI) for seizure prediction can help epileptic patients have a better quality of life. However, there are many difficulties and challenges in developing such a system as a real-life support for patients. Because of the nonstationary nature of EEG signals, normal and seizure patterns vary across different patie...

Developing a Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) for seizure prediction can help epileptic patients have a better quality of life. However, there are many difficulties and challenges in developing such a system as a real-life support for patients. Because of the nonstationary nature of EEG signals, normal and seizure patterns vary across different patie...

Background Epilepsy patients have distinct immune/inflammatory cell profiles and inflammatory mediator levels in the blood. Although the neural origin of inflammatory cells and mediators has been implied, few studies have measured these inflammatory components in the human brain itself. This study examines the brain levels of chemokines (8), cytoki...

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a noninvasive imaging method for measuring the diffusion properties of the underlying white matter tracts through which epileptiform activity is propagated. This study investigates the structural abnormalities quantified by DTI in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE). Fiber tracts passing through 54 anatomical site...

Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a noninvasive imaging method for localization of focal epileptiform activity in patients with epilepsy. This study investigates the cerebral functional abnormalities quantified by MEG coherence laterality in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE). Resting state MEG data was analyzed using MEG coherence source imaging (...

A prerequisite of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) surgery is to lateralize the disease. Recent studies have shown the capability of diffusion weighted MRI (DWMRI) in lateralizing TLE patients. This has been achieved by analyzing diffusion parameters of specific white matter tracts or regions known to be involved in the disease; however, other brain re...

The current study examines algorithmic approaches for analysis of nonimaging (i.e., clinical, electrographic and neuropsychological) attributes in localization-related epilepsy (LRE), specifically, their impact on the selection of patients for surgical consideration. Both invasive electrographic and imaging data are excluded here to concentrate upo...

Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a noninvasive imaging method for localization of focal epileptiform activity in patients with epilepsy. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a noninvasive imaging method for measuring the diffusion properties of the underlying white matter tracts through which epileptiform activity is propagated. This study investigates...

Purpose: Segmentation of the hippocampus from magnetic resonance (MR) images is a key task in the evaluation of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) patients. Several automated algorithms have been proposed although manual segmentation remains the benchmark. Choosing a reliable algorithm is problematic since structural definition pertaining to mult...

Purpose: To develop lateralization models for distinguishing between unilateral and bilateral mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) and determining laterality in cases of unilateral mTLE. Background: mTLE is the most common form of medically refractory focal epilepsy. Many mTLE patients fail to demonstrate an unambiguous unilateral ictal onset. Intr...

The hippocampus is a seminal structure in the most common surgically-treated form of epilepsy. Accurate segmentation of the hippocampus aids in establishing asymmetry regarding size and signal characteristics in order to disclose the likely site of epileptogenicity. With sufficient refinement, it may ultimately aid in the avoidance of invasive moni...

This study investigates the predictive power of feature sets extracted from different brain structures for lateralization of the epileptogenic focus in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) patients based on imaging features. To this end, volumes of multiple brain structures are extracted from preoperative images of 68 unilateral mTLE patients. Our...

Aim: Ictal onset patterns in bilateral mesial temporal lobe epilepsy have not been comprehensively studied. A retrospective review of intracranial electrographic data was undertaken to establish whether it is possible to distinguish between unilateral and bilateral mesial temporal lobe epilepsy based on ictal onset patterns, including periodic pre...

Resective surgery is considered an effective treatment for refractory localization-related epilepsy. Most studies have reported seizure and psychosocial outcomes of 2–5 years postsurgery and a few up to 10 years. Our study aimed to assess long-term (up to 15 years) postsurgical seizure and psychosocial outcomes at our epilepsy center. The Henry For...

Purpose: Multiple modalities are used in determining laterality in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE). It is unclear how much different imaging modalities should be weighted in decision-making. The purpose of this study is to develop response-driven multimodal multinomial models for lateralization of epileptogenicity in mTLE patients based upon...

We have developed response-driven multinomial models, based on multivariate imaging features, to lateralize the epileptogenicity in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients. To this end, volumetrics and statistical quantities of FLAIR intensity and normalized ictal-interictal SPECT intensity on left and right hippocampi were extracted from preoperativ...

Purpose To analyze the utility of a quantitative uncertainty analysis approach for evaluation and comparison of various MRI findings for lateralization of epileptogenicity in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE), including novel diffusion-based analyses. Methods We estimated the hemispheric variation uncertainty (HVU) of hippocampal T1 volumetry a...

Purpose: To develop a Bayesian averaged multinomial model for lateralization of epileptogenicity in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients based upon features extracted from preoperative T1-weighted and FLAIR imaging. Methods: A retrospective cohort of seventy-six TLE patients with surgical outcome of Engel class I was quantitatively analyzed to ext...

Introduction: Localization-related epilepsy is a significant concern for the middle-aged and older population given the lesser cognitive reserve and the greater likelihood of adverse systemic antiepileptic drug effects. Epilepsy surgery for this age group has the potential for greater postoperative morbidity and mortality, a protracted rehabilitat...

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common type of human refractory epilepsy and can cause widespread impairments in brain functionality. Previous studies show functional and structural abnormalities in different regions of TLE patients' brain in comparison with normal subjects. However, limited studies have been done on connectivity abnormali...

Purpose. Contradictory scalp electroencephalographic (sEEG) and discordant imaging features are common in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). We assessed the relative importance of sEEG features and their relation to quantitative magnetic resonance (MR) imaging measures in regard to surgical outcome. Methods and materials. Patients with a putative TLE un...

In medical domains with low tolerance for invalid predictions, classification confidence is highly important and traditional performance measures such as overall accuracy cannot provide adequate insight into classifications reliability. In this paper, a confident-prediction rate (CPR) which measures the upper limit of confident predictions has been...

Ictal nonspeech vocalizations have been described as manifestations of either frontal or temporal epileptogenicity originating mainly from the dominant hemisphere. Ictal barking, particularly, has been considered a manifestation of mesial frontal epilepsy. A 42-year-old right-handed male with posttraumatic drug-resistant complex partial epilepsy ma...

Prior to neurosurgical resection of abnormal brain tissues in mTLE patients, focal points of the seizure should be identified via a set of examinations. Once decisive evidence is not present in noninvasive clinical profile of mTLE patients, extraoperative Electrocorticography (ECoG) is required which is the practice of using electrodes placed direc...

White matter (WM) microstructure can be evaluated by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Tract-based spatial statistical (TBSS) analysis provides a means of assessing alterations in WM tracts. In this paper, both voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and TBSS are examined using DTI data of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients and nonepileptic subjects. In add...

This study examines whether magnetoencephalographic (MEG) coherence imaging is more sensitive than the standard single equivalent dipole (ECD) model in lateralizing the site of epileptogenicity in patients with drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). An archival review of ECD MEG analyses of 30 presurgical patients with TLE was undertaken with...

This study assesses the utility of compartmental analysis of SPECT data in lateralizing ictal onset in cases of a putative mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE). An institutional archival review provided 46 patients (18M, 28F) operated for a putative mTLE who achieved an Engel class Ia postoperative outcome. This established the standard to assure a...

The hippocampus has become the focus of research in several neurodegenerative disorders. Automatic segmentation of this structure from magnetic resonance (MR) imaging scans of the brain facilitates this work. Segmentation techniques must be evaluated using a dataset of MR images with accurate hippocampal outlines generated manually. Manual segmenta...

Development of a feature ranking method based upon the discriminative power of features and unbiased towards classifiers is of interest. We have studied a consensus feature ranking method, based on multiple classifiers, and have shown its superiority to well known statistical ranking methods. In a target environment such as a medical dataset, missi...

A consensus feature-ranking approach has been applied to the study of localization-related temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) in order to evaluate the relative discriminative power of individual attributes. Cases were selected on the basis of a postoperative outcome free of disabling seizures (i.e., Engel class I) in order to establish a definitive later...

Many informative aspects of medical datasets may be extracted from comparative study of features discriminative power. Recently, consensus feature rankings have been proposed to achieve robust, unbiased and reliable rankings of attributes. We have studied the effect of classifier inclusion in a consensus feature ranking method for a medical dataset...

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The hippocampus has been the primary region of interest in the preoperative imaging investigations of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE). Hippocampal imaging and electroencephalographic features may be sufficient in several cases to declare the epileptogenic focus. In particular, hippocampal atrophy, as appreciated on T1-weighted (T1W) magnetic r...

Standard magnetic resonance (MR) imaging analysis in several cases of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) either fail to show an identifiable hippocampal asymmetry or provide only subtle distinguishing features that remain inconclusive. A retrospective analysis of hippocampal fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MR images was performed in c...

The insular lobe is a functionally complex structure, harbouring peculiar anatomical and vascular features and specific neuronal connectivity with surrounding cerebral structures. It is situated in the depth of the Sylvian fissure and can be affected by either low-grade or high-grade gliomas. Because of its complexity, surgery of insular tumours ha...

Objectives: To investigate the plasticity potential of dominant insular lobe through intraoperative functional mapping and integrate functional data in the surgical strategy for gliomas of left insuloopercular region. Methods: 10 right-handed patients presented with phasic troubles in 8 cases, regressive in 5 before surgery, motor deficits in two a...

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has complementary spatiotemporal resolution compared to Electroencephalography (EEG) as well as Magnetoencephalography (MEG). Thus, their integrated analysis should improve the overall resolution. To integrate analysis of E/MEG and fMRI, we extend our previously proposed integrated E/MEG and fMRI neural...

The integrated analysis of the Electroencephalography (EEG), Magnetoencephalography (MEG), and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) are instrumental for functional neuroimaging of the brain. A bottom-up integrated E/MEG and fMRI model based on physiology as well as a method for estimating its parameters are keys to the integrated analysis....

This paper describes Data Modeling for unstructured data of Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI). Data Modeling is an essential first step for data preparation in any data management and data mining procedure. Conventional Entity- Relational (E-R) data modeling is lossy, irreproducible, and time-consuming especially when dealing with unstructured image d...

Tinnitus is the conscious experience of sound without an external acoustic source. Many years of research effort have contributed to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying tinnitus, including the neural correlates of tinnitus. Our laboratory has been investigating the modulatory effects of somatosensory and cortical electrical stimulat...

A common post-traumatic location of epileptogenesis is the medial temporal lobe despite evidence of associated diffuse or remote cerebral injury. We undertook a review of post-traumatic medial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) patients as part of an overall post-traumatic epilepsy population to assess the extent of cerebral injury sustained by this sub...

The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of electrical stimulation of the auditory cortex in patients with tinnitus. Nonrandomized clinical trial. Two patients with debilitating tinnitus refractory to conventional therapies were treated. Patients were evaluated with validated questionnaires and psychoacoustic measures to determine the f...

Essential information is often conveyed in illustrations in biomedical publications. A clinician's decision to access the full text when searching for evidence in support of clinical decision is frequently based solely on a short bibliographic reference. We seek to automatically augment these references with images from the article that may assist...

Data Modeling is an essential first step for data preparation in any data mining procedure. Conventional entity-relational (E-R) data modeling is lossy, irreproducible, and time- consuming especially when dealing with unstructured image data associated with complex systems like the human brain. We propose a methodological framework for more objecti...

We present a novel and efficient method for localization of human brain structures such as hippocampus. Landmark localization is important for segmentation and registration. This method follows a statistical roadmap, consisting of anatomical landmarks, to reach the desired structures. Using a set of desired and undesired landmarks, identified on a...

The filtering of sensory information, also referred to as "sensory gating", is impaired in various neuropsychiatric diseases. In the auditory domain, sensory gating is investigated mainly as a response decrease of the auditory evoked potential component P50 from one click to the second in a double-click paradigm. In order to relate deficient sensor...

The purpose of the study was to determine the efficacy of magnetoencephalography (MEG) in establishing the cortical sites for electrical stimulation in patients with tinnitus. Two patients with debilitating tinnitus refractory to conventional therapies were treated. Each patient was evaluated with validated questionnaires and psychoacoustic measure...

A retrospective review was carried out on epilepsy surgery patients with at least 2 years of post surgical outcome data who had MEG scans to localize epileptic foci to determine whether or not MEG had a significant impact on localization and improving likelihood of a seizure free outcome. Brain activity was recorded with 148-channel MEG system and...

Functional imaging techniques have demonstrated a relationship between the intensity of tinnitus and the degree of reorganization of the primary auditory cortex. Studies in experimental animals and humans have revealed that tinnitus is associated with a synchronized hyperactivity in the auditory cortex and proposed that the underlying pathophysiolo...

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of long-term continuous cerebrocortical electrical stimulation in the treatment of partial epilepsy. The authors review the case of a 44-year-old man with medically intractable postencephalitic localization-related epilepsy with ictal onset in the primary motor cortex. For 5 years he was treated us...