Konstantin Yenkoyan

Konstantin Yenkoyan
Yerevan State Medical University | YSMU · Neurosciecne Laboratory and Department of Biochemistry

Professor

About

73
Publications
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Introduction
Konstantin Yenkoyan, MD, PhD, Professor. Currently Vice-rector for Science, Head the Neuroscience Laboratory and Professor of Biochemistry Department of YSMU. Konstantin does research in Neuroscienc and, Biochemistry. Research focus - neurodegeneration and neuronal survival, Alzheimer disease, neurodevelopmental disorders, Autism. PI of Horizon 2020 - COBRAIN Project, Coordinator of YSMU team in HORIZON 2020 SCAUT project.

Publications

Publications (73)
Article
Full-text available
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that gave rise to COVID-19 infection produced a worldwide health crisis. The virus can cause a serious or even fatal disease. Comprehending the complex immunological responses triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection is essential for identifying pivotal elements that shape the course of the...
Article
Full-text available
We aimed to investigate the role of pre-, peri- and neonatal risk factors in the development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) among Armenian children with the goal of detecting and addressing modifiable risk factors to reduce ASD incidence. For this purpose a retrospective case–control study using a random proportional sample of Armenian children...
Article
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The Brain-Machine Interface (BMI), a crucial conduit between the human brain and computers, holds transformative potential for various applications in neuroscience. This manuscript explores the role of micro-engineered neuronal networks (MNNs) in advancing BMI technologies and their therapeutic applications. As the interdisciplinary collaboration i...
Article
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This paper examines the role of dietary peptides gluten and casein in modulating brain function in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) from a biochemical perspective. Neurotransmitter systems and neural networks are crucial for brain function, and alterations at the biochemical level can contribute to the characteristic symptoms and beh...
Article
Introduction The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a critical neurovascular unit regulating substances' passage from the bloodstream to the brain. Its selective permeability poses significant challenges in drug delivery for neurological disorders. Conventional methods often fail due to the BBB's complex structure. Aim The study aims to shed light on th...
Preprint
Full-text available
Objective We aimed to investigate the role of pre-, peri- and neonatal risk factors in the development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) among Armenian children with the goal of detecting and addressing modifiable risk factors to reduce ASD incidence. Design We conducted a retrospective case-control study using a random proportional sample of Armen...
Article
Full-text available
This article explores the potential link between endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), neuroinflammation, and the development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Neuroinflammation refers to the immune system’s response to injury, infection, or disease in the central nervous system. Studies have shown that exposure to EDCs, such as bisphenol A and p...
Article
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Alzheimer’s disease is an age-associated progressive disorder, characterized by neurodegeneration and following cognitive decline. Several pathological alterations are implicated in its pathogenesis, hence etiology is still poorly understood. Ferroptosis is an alternative form of cell death, driven by intracellular accumulation of iron with subsequ...
Article
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One of the reasons of the development of pathologies causing death is hypoxia. The purposes of this study were (1) to study some physiological and biochemical mechanisms of α2-adrenoblockers, which ensure the tissue resistance increase to hypoxia; (2) to offer new drugs contributing to the increase of tissues’ stability towards the hypoxic affectio...
Article
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Existing evidence indicates that environmental factors might contribute up to 50% of the variance in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) risk. This structured narrative review offers a comprehensive synthesis of current knowledge on environmental risk factors in ASD, including evaluation of conflicting evidence, exploration of underlying mechanisms, and...
Article
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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an umbrella term for developmental disorders characterized by social and communication impairments, language difficulties, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors. Current management approaches for ASD aim to resolve its clinical manifestations based on the type and severity of the disability. Although some...
Article
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Short-chain fatty acids like propionic (PPA) and valproic acids (VP) can alter gut microbiota, which is suggested to play a role in development of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In this study we investigated the role of various concentrations of PPA and VP in gut enteric gram-negative Escherichia coli K12 and gram-positive Enterococcus hirae ATCC...
Article
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Depression and schizophrenia are two highly prevalent and severely debilitating neuropsychiatric disorders. Both conventional antidepressant and antipsychotic pharmacotherapies are often inefficient clinically, causing multiple side effects and serious patient compliance problems. Collectively, this calls for the development of novel drug targets f...
Preprint
Introduction: Global cerebral ischemia leads to substantial and irreversible damage of brain tissue. As it progresses in a less severe course, certain strategies should be implemented to screen this condition on its early onset. The research aimed to characterize the local field potential (LFP) alterations recorded during the subacute phase of the...
Article
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Epilepsy is a highly prevalent, severely debilitating neurological disorder characterized by seizures and neuronal hyperactivity due to an imbalanced neurotransmission. As genetic factors play a key role in epilepsy and its treatment, various genetic and genomic technologies continue to dissect the genetic causes of this disorder. However, the exac...
Article
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Psychiatric disorders are highly prevalent brain pathologies that represent an urgent, unmet biomedical problem. Since reliable clinical diagnoses are essential for the treatment of psychiatric disorders, their animal models with robust, relevant behavioral and physiological endpoints become necessary. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) display well-defined,...
Article
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Antimicrobial drugs represent a diverse group of widely utilized antibiotic, antifungal, antiparasitic and antiviral agents. Their growing use and clinical importance necessitate our improved understanding of physiological effects of antimicrobial drugs, including their potential effects on the central nervous system (CNS), at molecular, cellular,...
Article
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The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an important molecular regulator of cell growth and proliferation. Brain mTOR activity plays a crucial role in synaptic plasticity, cell development, migration and proliferation, as well as memory storage, protein synthesis, autophagy, ion channel expression and axonal regeneration. Aberrant mTOR signalin...
Article
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Perinatal depression is the most common psychiatric complication of pregnancy, with its detrimental effects on maternal and infant health grossly underrated. There is a pressing need for specific molecular biomarkers, with a pregnancy-related decline in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the blood and downregulation of TrkB receptor in the...
Article
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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder and warrants further study as well as timely treatment. Additionally, the mechanisms of the brain’s intrinsic defense against chronic injury are not yet fully understood. Herein, we examined the response of the main neurogenic niches to amyloid exposure and the associated cha...
Article
Blood spotted onto filter paper can be easily collected outside healthcare facilities and shipped to a central laboratory for serological testing. However, dried blood testing generally requires manual processing for pre-analytical steps. In this study, we used a standardized blood collection device combined with an automated elution system to test...
Article
Full-text available
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a type of dementia that affects memory, thinking and behavior. Symptoms eventually become severe enough to interfere with daily tasks. Understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of AD is necessary for the development of strategies for AD prevention and/or treatment, and modeling of this pathology is an important step in...
Article
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The comprehension of a long-term humoral immune response against SARS-CoV-2 can shed light on the treatment and vaccination strategies of COVID-19 disease, improving the knowledge about this virus infection and/or re-infection. We assessed the IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein (anti-SARS-CoV-2 (N) IgG) in 1441 COVID-19 conv...
Article
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Background and objectives: Neurological manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) such as olfactory and gustatory disturbance have been reported among convalescent COVID-19 patients. However, scientific data on the prevalence of smell and taste disturbance are lacking. Therefore, we present findings on the degree of smell and taste dis...
Article
Hallucinogenic drugs potently affect brain and behavior and have also recently emerged as potentially promising agents in pharmacotherapy. Complementing laboratory rodents, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a powerful animal model organism for screening neuroactive drugs, including hallucinogens. Here, we test a battery of ten novel N-benzyl-2-phenyle...
Article
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Background Neurological COVID-19 disease has been reported widely, but published studies often lack information on neurological outcomes and prognostic risk factors. We aimed to describe the spectrum of neurological disease in hospitalised COVID-19 patients; characterise clinical outcomes; and investigate factors associated with a poor outcome. Me...
Preprint
Background Blood spotted onto filter paper can be easy collected outside healthcare facilities and shipped to central laboratory for serological testing. However, dried blood testing generally requests manual processing for elution. In this study, we used a standardized blood collection device combined with an automatized elution system to test ill...
Article
Neurodegeneration is a major cause of Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, multiple and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, pontocerebellar hypoplasia, dementia and other brain disorders. Their complex pathogenesis commonly includes genetic and neurochemical deficits, misfolded protein toxicity, demyelination, apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunctions...
Chapter
Brain tissue biobanks represent specific collections and ensure investigation and research into neurological and psychiatric diseases. Depending on the research question, scientists can use post-mortem biospecimens or, more rarely, samples from living donors. Generally, there are post-mortem samples, which are retrieved during autopsy. However, any...
Book
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This book introduces the fundamentals of biobanking and guides through the practical planning thereof, with a special focus on the situation in low- and middle-income countries. On the example of the setup of a Ukrainian biobank the book discusses the main steps and aspects of successful biorepository implementation and management. Topics covered i...
Article
Full-text available
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and restricted-repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. ASD is generally associated with chronic inflammatory states, which are linked to immune system dysfunction and/or hyperactivation. The latter might be considered as one of the fact...
Article
Full-text available
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders, that are characterized by core symptoms, such as alterations of social communication and restrictive or repetitive behavior. The etiology and pathophysiology of disease is still unknown, however, there is a strong interaction between genetic and environmental factors. An intriguing p...
Article
Introduction Analyser la prévalence, la durée et les facteurs associés de la réponse humoral anti SARS-CoV-2 dans un pays européen (Arménie). Patients et méthodes Etude prospective nationale en Arménie, avec 1441 patients ayant eu une infection prouvée à Cov-19 (PCR positive). Résultats 1441 SARS-CoV-2 patients, dont 74,1 % femmes (n = 1004 patie...
Preprint
Full-text available
The comprehension of a long-term humoral immune response against the SARS-CoV-2 virus can shed light on the treatment and vaccination of the disease, improve the control of the pandemic infection. We assessed the antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein in 1441 COVID-19 convalescent patients within 15 months longitudinal nationwide mu...
Article
Full-text available
Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-associated neurodegeneration is triggered by different fragments of amyloid beta (Aβ). Among them, Aβ (25-35) fragment plays a critical role in the development of neurodegeneration—it reduces synaptic integrity by disruption of excitatory/inhibitory ratio across networks and alters the growth factors synthesis. Thus, in thi...
Article
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Noise is a wide-spread stress factor in modern life produced by urbanization, traffic, and an industrialized environment. Noise stress causes dysfunction and neurotransmission impairment in the central nervous system, as well as changes in hormone levels. In this study, we have examined the level of α-Tocopherol (α-T) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in p...
Preprint
Full-text available
Background Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction and restricted-repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. ASD is generally associated with chronic inflammatory states, which are linked to immune system dysfunction and/or hyperactivation. The latter might be co...
Article
Using the rat Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like model we have analyzed the hippocampal short-term potentiation, levels of monoamines, and morphological changes in the hippocampal and cortical neurons after the administration of proteoglycans of embryonic origin (PEG). Results showed that the levels of monoamines in the target AD brain structures were f...
Article
Full-text available
The search for new therapeutics for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is still in progress. Aberrant pathways of synaptic transmission in basal forebrain cholinergic neural circuits are thought to be associated with the progression of AD. However, the effect of amyloid-beta (Aβ) on short-term plasticity (STP) of cholinergic circuits in the...
Article
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Aim Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is still a disease with high morbidity and mortality. The aim of the study was to analyse retrospectively whether the introduction of a multi‐modal three‐component enteral medication regimen resulted in a change in morbidity and mortality in neonates NEC. Methods When diagnosis of NEC was established, the follow...
Article
Full-text available
The noradrenergic system is proposed to play a prominent role in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis. While α1- and β-adrenergic receptors (ARs) are suggested to be involved in a multitude of profibrogenic actions, little is known about α2-AR-mediated effects and their expression pattern during liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. We explored the expressio...
Article
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The contribution of the local angiotensin receptor system to neuroinflammation, impaired neurogenesis, and amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and in hypertension is consistent with the remarkable neuroprotection provided by angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) independent of their blood pressure-lowering effect. Considering...
Article
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are common heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders with typical triad of symptoms: impaired social interaction, language and communication abnormalities and stereotypical behavior. Despite extensive research, the etiology and pathogenesis of ASD remain largely unclear. The lack of solid knowledge on the mechanisms...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
INTRODUCTION: One of the critical components in development of neurodegenerative disorders like disease (AD) is impairment in neurotransmitter system. In this study we tried to reveal the real impact of monoaminergic system (the role of norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin). Interventions directed to preventing the disturbance in neurotransmitter...
Article
Introduction: We have analyzed the alterations in the brain monoaminergic system using the rat model of AD-like pathology. In addition, we have investigated potential neuroprotective effects of the hypothalamic proline-rich polypeptide (PRP-1). Methods: Histochemical staining, HPLC, chemiluminescent and bioluminescence assays. Results: The lev...
Article
The real impact of reactive oxygen species, antioxidant enzymes, mitochondrial dysfunction and chronic inflammation on the development of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) remains unclear, and even controversial. In this study we compared the plasma levels of antioxidant enzymes and their cofactors, markers of oxidative damage, and the respiratory bu...
Article
Full-text available
Locus coeruleus-noradrenergic system dysfunction is known to contribute to the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Besides a variety of reports showing the involvement of norepinephrine and its receptor systems in cognition, amyloid β (Aβ) metabolism, neuroinflammation, and neurogenesis, little is known about the contribution of the specific r...
Article
Full-text available
Abstract The latest achievements in the fields of machine learning and artificial neural networks have made the recording of Local Filed Potentials (LFP) more valuable method for the study of brain activity. Along with the improvement of analysis of gained data, the modern approaches in signal amplification schemes brought progress in this method....
Article
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are common heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders with typical triad of symptoms: impaired social interaction, language and communication abnormalities, and stereotypical behavior. Despite extensive research, the etiology and pathogenesis of ASD remain largely unclear. The lack of solid knowledge on the mechanism...
Article
Full-text available
Abstract Controllable weak magnetic fields are widely used in biology and medicine to study the influence of these fields on biological objects. To simulate geomagnetic storms and to study the influence of those storms on biological objects we have designed and created a computerized Helmholtz coil system. In this paper, the design, characteristics...
Article
The studies based on the amyloid model of Alzheimer’s disease discovered some possible mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration. A new complex of proteoglycans of embryonic genesis created by Mkrtchyan L., as well as a hypothalamic proline-rich peptide created by Galoyan A., were used as possible therapeutic approaches that can...
Article
Full-text available
On a model of neurodegeneration induced by neurotoxic peptide fragment (25–35) of β-amyloid (Aβ), we studied changes in the content of neurotrophins: insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and nerve growth factor (NGF) in different brain areas, as well as the thymus, liver, and blood serum of rats under the influence of hypothalamic proline-rich pept...
Article
It is recognized that the main trigger of Alzheimer disease related neurodegeneration is β-amyloid peptide, which subsequently generates different metabolic disorders in neuron and finally leads to neuronal death. Several biologically active products were tested as neuroprotectors, but only few of them demonstrated any efficiency. Proline-rich poly...
Article
One of the crucial events in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders linked with dementia-like Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the disturbance in neurotransmission based on progressive deficit of neuromediators that is manifested by marked decrease in cognitive behavior, loss of memory and inability to learn as a result of impairment in synapti...
Article
The development of effective and safe drugs for a growing Alzheimer disease population is an increasing need at present. Both experimental and clinical evidence support a beneficial effect of proline-rich polypeptides in a number of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer disease. Experimental data have shown that proline-rich polypeptides...

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