Komali Garlapati

Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre · Oral medicine and radiology

Introduction: Menopause triggers hormonal changes that can manifest in oral symptoms like dysgeusia, xerostomia, and burning sensations, substantially impacting daily life, including chewing, swallowing, and taste perception. Menopausal women are particularly susceptible to nutritional fluctuations, including variations in zinc levels, which are be...

Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic mucocutaneous disease affecting the general population, with its exact etiology remaining unknown. This condition is characterized by T-cell mediated autoimmunity wherein auto-cytotoxic CD8+ T cells precipitate basal cell apoptosis in the oral epithelium. Conventionally, corticosteroids have been th...

Aim: The present study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of spirulina 500 mg in reducing the burning sensation and lesion size in oral lichen planus (OLP). Materials and methods: A total of 60 subjects who attended the oral medicine specialty clinic with histopathologically confirmed OLP and having symptoms of burning sensation were recruited for...

Background Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) constitute clinical problems that involve the masticatory muscles, the temporomandibular joints, associated structures, or both. The etiology of TMDs is multifactorial. The association between occlusal interferences and TMD is controversial.. Objectives This study is designed to evaluate the clinical o...

Objectives This study was designed to evaluate and compare the quantity and quality of mandibular bone in the first molar region in male type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with healthy controls using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging technique. The bone characteristics in T2DM patients were correlated with diabetes duration. Mater...

Oral mucositis refers to erythematous and ulcerative lesions of oral mucosa during chemo/radiotherapy. Treatment modalities were directed towards reduction in severity of oral mucositis. Zinc plays an important role to retard oxidative processes and is considered as the critical component in wound healing. To compare the efficacy of zinc alone with...

Autoimmune diseases are better diagnosed currently with advances in cellular immunology, molecular biology, and genetics. Clinical diagnosis of systemic and organ specific autoimmune diseases is a challenging task for the Oral physicians and the development of chairside investigation methods has not only saved the time but also cost factor. To unde...

Introduction: Sjogren’s syndrome is an immunologic disorder, characterized by symptoms of dry mouth and dry eyes. Management of xerostomia is more difficult and challenging, various pharmacologic agents have been tried and evaluated in the management of xerostomia in these patients, but the results were inconsistent and variable. Hence, the present...

An impacted tooth is the one which fails to erupt into its anatomic position due to various factors such as malposition, lack of space, or other impediments. The prevalence of impacted tooth varies with geographic locations and has been estimated to be between 8% and 38%. An impacted tooth can be a nidus for dental caries, infection, destruction of...

Many cancer patients undergoing systemic chemotherapy or radiotherapy or a combination of both, especially in head and neck region, are inherently prone to develop a frequent complication i.e. oral mucositis. This acute and distressing sequel of cancer therapy drastically impairs routine activities such as mastication, deglutition, and speech there...

Introduction: Saliva lacks the drama of blood, the sincerity of sweat and the emotional appeal of tears, yet it is the ‘sine qua non’ of the oral cavity and can prove to be the most important fluid playing a vital role in forensics. Saliva deposited on the skin by the act of biting and licking can be an important source of forensic evidence. Saliva...

The amount of information being generated in medical research is becoming overwhelming. Clinicians are finding it nearly impossible to stay current, even in their own area of specialty as new studies are constantly being published. Meta-analysis is a review which is done systematically, following certain criteria, with the pooling of results and qu...

Background Newer drug delivery systems such as transdermal patches using pain relieving or modifying agents emerged as a mainstream treatment protocol for management of pain on the outpatient basis. The administration of diclofenac 100 mg in the transdermal patch in the patients having dental pain due to periapical/periodontal infections was evalua...

Background: Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) has become a reliable adjunctive tool for both diagnosis and treatment planning in the field of dentistry. There are numerous advantages of CBCT over 2D imaging techniques (OPG). There is a need to evaluate the changing trend of preference and purpose of utilisation of these imaging modalities by de...

Grinspan Syndrome since its inception has been an arena of interest that has appeared very lucrative to numerous researchers due to its lack of clarity and enhanced ambiguity. This syndrome, which is a triad of Oral Lichen Planus (OLP), Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Hypertension (HTN) as reported in the early 1963 by Grinspan has not found much apprec...

Context: Ameloblastoma is an epithelial benign odontogenic neoplasm with varied histological variants exhibiting different clinical behaviour and radiological appearance. Aim: To evaluate and correlate the clinical and radiological findings of histological variants of different clinicoradiological types of ameloblastoma. Settings and design: Retros...

Saliva plays a critical role in the maintenance of oropharyngeal health. Decrease in the production of saliva leads to xerostomia which is one of the major symptoms that causes significant distress to the patients. It is caused due to varied etiological factors, common in elderly individuals adversely affecting the quality of life. Treatment of thi...

Our body protects itself from foreign substances like a soldier by its excellent immune mechanism . Sometimes, this mechanism goes wrong and it attacks its own tissues. These are autoimmune disorders. Some examples are Systemic Lupus erythematosus (SLE), Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Diabetes mellitus (DM), Lichen planus (LP), etc. Now a days because...

The word “autopsy” denotes “to see with own eyes.” Autopsy (postmortem) is a process that includes a thorough examination of a corpse noting everything related to anatomization, surface wounds, histological and culture studies. Virtopsy is a term extracted from two words “virtual” and “autopsy.” It employs imaging methods that are routinely used in...

Introduction Oral mucositis is an unavoidable complication occurring during the treatment of cancer by radiotherapy, concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT), or chemotherapy. This is a painful sequelae, significantly affecting the nutritional intake and quality of life. Materials and Methods A multicentric cross-sectional study was done at four cancer...

ABSTRACT: Aim: Assessment of awareness of ill-effects of tobacco use on oral health in patients visiting a dental college and hospital in India. Objectives: 1) To assess patient’s attitude and behaviour towards tobacco control and their willingness to quit tobacco use. 2) To assess the awareness of tobacco use and its ill-effects. Materials And Met...

Introduction: Keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KOt) is a common developmental odontogenic cyst affecting the maxillofacial region. Multiple odontogenic keratocysts (OKcs) are usually seen in association with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome but approximately only 5% of patients with keratocystic odontogenic tumor have multiple cysts without conc...

The development of 3D CT angiography in the diagnosis and management of vascular anomalies is been extremely valuable. We report the potential diagnostic value of 3D CT angiography with volume rendering, which played a crucial role in identification of vascular lesions and planning treatment for the patient with Sturge Weber Syndrome type 2. We cou...

Background: The use of technology in the form of smart phones and other electronic media in day to day life has become an integral part of life today. Technology today is seeing a paradigm shift towards better inter-professional communications which can help doctors, patients and the masses as a whole. Putting these technological advancements to go...

Spindle cell haemangioma (SCH) is a benign vascular lesion which usually occurs on distal extremities. It was previously regarded as haemangioendothelioma and was initially perceived to be low grade angiosarcoma.They are characterized by cavernous blood vessels and spindle cell proliferation. It is now considered as a reactive lesion and conservati...

Imaging techniques and endodontics are inseparable from each other as the former have always been the cornerstone for successful endodontic diagnosis and treatment. The objective of this study was to detect the presence of extra canals in the mesiobuccal root of the maxillary first molar using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). In this study, 75...

Lipodystrophy is regarded as a functional disturbance of the hypothalamus. Typically, face is the first part to be affected, and its aspect in an advanced case is characteristic: hollowed temples, prominent zygomatic bones, and sunken cheeks. When the patient smiles, numerous wrinkles appear in the cheeks, giving the appearance of premature senilit...

Chronic inflammation causes disturbances in the lipid metabolism. When this dyslipidemia becomes prolonged it increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Recent literature reveals similar dyslipidemia in patients with lichen planus. However, the results were not compared with lichenoid reactions. The aim of this study was to profile the lipid lev...

Background: Climateric is considered to be a natural phase of life which by definition is the period of life starting from decline in ovarian activity until after the end of ovarian function . It is accompanied by various health consequences that include the changes in saliva too. This study was carried out to evaluate the salivary flow rate, pH, b...

Mucormycosis is an opportunistic fulminant fungal infection, which has the ability to cause significant morbidity and frequently mortality in the susceptible patient. Common predisposing factors include diabetes mellitus and immunosuppression. The infection begins in the nose and paranasal sinuses due to inhalation of fungal spores. The fungus inva...

Light therapies are widely used in various clinical therapeutics which includes photodynamic therapy to kill cancer cells; UVA therapies used to treat a variety of skin diseases and Photobiomodulation used for promoting cell growth and recovery from injury using light emitting diodes or low energy lasers, From a clinical perspective, PBM offers den...

Hereditary Ectodermal dysplasias are a group of X-linked recessive inherited disorders characterised by primary defects in the development of two or more tissues derived from embryonic ectoderm. The tissues which are affected include skin, hair, nails, eccrine glands and teeth. Here, we report two cases of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia in male...

Disease and disorders affecting the facial skeleton are manifold. The unique feature of facial skeleton is such that there are innumerable pathological conditions which are usually asymptomatic and more destructive, thus necessitating a thorough diagnostic approach. Among all the investigatory modalities available, radiograph still plays a vital ro...

Squamous papilloma is a benign proliferative growth of the sratified squamous epithelium. Clinically they appear as a papillary or verruciform mass usually solitary in nature, pedunculated and most commonly seen on the tongue and soft palate. We report two cases of squamous papilloma, a solitary lesion and a multifocal case presented on the palate....

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment modality that has been developing rapidly within various medical specialties since the 1980s. Photodynamic therapy involves three key components: a photosensitizer, light and tissue oxygen. Photoreactive chemicals are injected into the patient and irradiated with light strong enough to activate the chemical...