Klaus Schonauer

Universität Konstanz | Uni-Konstanz · Department of Psychology

Free responsibility is the central prerequisite for permissible assisted suicide. However, most people with a desire to commit suicide are unable to exercise free responsibility due to mental illness, life crisis or social distress. How can the two groups be reliably distinguished? In order to give the demanding concept of free responsibility an em...

Supportive Psychotherapie ist ein fundamentales Element der psychiatrischen Grundversorgung. Sie ist bei Patienten im Zustand akuter psychischer Dekompensation oder bei schweren sowie chronischen ich-syntonen psychischen Störungen indiziert. Sie findet bei denjenigen Patienten Anwendung, deren Ressourcen nicht ausreichen, um von spezifischen psycho...

Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund: In der vorliegenden Studie wurde ein kurzes psychoedukatives Programm (PE) fur akut psychotische Patienten evaluiert. Das PE-Programm nahm besonders Rucksicht auf die in der Akutphase vorherrschenden neuropsychologischen Defizite und fokussierte daruber hinaus auf den Austausch uber gegenwartige psychotische Symptome....

Interactions between depressed persons and persons within their social network are often characterized by misunderstanding and unsuccessful social support attempts. These interpersonal problems could be fostered by discrepancies between depressed and never-depressed persons' illness representations of depression and/or discrepancies in the perceive...

Die Herausgeber dieses Buches haben sich bei dessen didaktischer Konzeption dankenswerterweise dafür entschieden, in die Systematik der Darstellung psychotherapeutischer Verfahren eine Restkategorie aufzunehmen, ohne die der Versuch einer Gesamtdarstellung des psychotherapeutischen Spektrums der psychiatrischen Klinik oder Praxis unvollständig blei...

Childhood stress and trauma have been related to adult psychopathology in different psychiatric disorders. The present study aimed at verifying this relationship for stressful experiences during developmental periods by screening stress load across life in adult psychiatric inpatients with different diagnoses compared to healthy subjects. In additi...

The analysis of the 191 suicides recorded in this investigation from 12 psychiatric hospitals in southern germany shows a gender ratio of 2,5 against men. This ratio is stable also when looking into the subgroups of schizophrenia, affective disorders and the rest of diagnostic groups by ICD-10. In contrast to general population, where depression an...

We report about the paper which was written by the Working Group "Suicidality and the Psychiatric Hospital". It includs recommendations for suicide prevention in psychiatric hospitals.

Zusammenfassung. An einer demographisch heterogenen Gelegenheitsstichprobe (n = 200) und drei klinischen Stichproben (Major Depressive Disorder, n = 60; Angst- und Essstorungen, n = 11; Schizophrenie, n = 40) wurden Messeigenschaften des vereinfachten Beck-Depressions-Inventars (BDI-V) ermittelt. Homogenitat und Reliabilitat des BDI-V ubersteigen j...

Supportive Psychotherapie ist ein Element der psychotherapeutischen Grundversorgung und wird häufig dem Arbeitsbereich von Nicht fachärzten zugeordnet. Aber auch im psychiatrischen Alltag spielt sie eine wichtige Rolle. Die therapeutischen Maßnahmen sind pragmatisch orientiert und vom Patienten unmittelbar nachzuvollziehen. Sie folgen jedoch keiner...

The symptoms of infantile autism were first described almost 60 years ago. In contrast to its course in puberty and adolescence, follow-up-data on the late course in adulthood are decidedly sparse. As the outcome of research in the literature, we found 21 methodologically heterogeneous follow-up-studies. The arithmetic mean age of all subjects inve...

To review the literature on effects of attention and cognitive training on attentional functioning in schizophrenic patients. Relevant efficacy studies were identified by literature searches (in Medline, Current Contents, Psyclit, and Psyndex databases) and through the reference lists of key papers. Re-examination of findings from nine methodologic...

This paper aims at assessing the vocational integration attained after a 3-year period by psychiatric patients who participated in different vocational rehabilitation programmes. In the north-western German region of Westphalia-Lippe a naturalistic follow-up study was carried out on 471 patients from three different types of vocational rehabilitati...

Prelingually deaf persons usually gain only a rudimentary command of speech and prefer sign language to communicate within the deaf community without the handicap they experience in the hearing world. Maintaining social contact within this rather scattered community, however, requires higher degrees of social initiative and mobility. The aim of the...

In this study we investigated whether, in conjunction with neuroleptics, a psychoeducational and cognitively oriented treatment for schizophrenic outpatients and their key-persons can improve the course of schizophrenic illness within a 2-year follow-up. This prospective randomized study covered a total of 191 schizophrenic patients (according to D...

Die Untersuchung beantwortet die Frage, ob eine ambulante psychoedukativ-psychotherapeutische Behandlung schizophrener Patienten und ihrer Angehörigen in Verbindung mit einer neuroleptischen Medikation in den 2 Jahren nach Abschluß der Therapie den Krankheitsverlauf der Patienten günstig beeinflussen kann. Es handelt sich um eine prospektive Studie...

In order to examine the effect of congenital or early acquired deafness on hallucinatory modalities in schizophrenia, we interviewed 67 prelingually deaf schizophrenic patients (using sign language) about their hallucinatory experiences over the entire course of their illness. We also analysed the clinical records of our subjects' previous hospital...

Prelingually deaf persons belonging to a linguistic and cultural minority have to cope with a particular sociocultural situation. The present study endeavours to analyse possible effects of this situation in the course and outcome of schizophrenia. Two samples, one comprising 27 prelingually deaf and one 27 hearing patients, all with schizophrenic...

Vocational rehabilitation of mentally ill patients is now focused outside the psychiatric hospital. Three types of programmes play a major role: outpatient work therapy programmes at psychiatric hospitals, jobs in (partly) sheltered employment facilities as in companies specially adapted for employing mentally ill persons, and workshops for the men...

Prälingual gehörlose - früher,,taubstumm" genannte - Menschen leben als Angehörige einer sprachlichen und kulturellen Minderheit in einer spezifischen Problemlage. Die vorliegende retrospektive Untersuchung greift die Frage nach den möglichen Auswirkungen dieser Problemlage auf den Verlauf von schizophrenen Psychosen auf. In zwei nach Alter, Geschl...

Vocational rehabilitation of mentally ill patients is now focused outside the psychiatric hospital. Three types of programmes play a major role: outpatient work therapy programmes at psychiatric hospitals, jobs in (partly) sheltered employment facilities as in companies specially adapted for employing mentally ill persons, and workshops for the men...

Within a controlled prospective intervention study, schizophrenic outpatients randomly assigned to four treatment groups and one control group were assessed with regard to collaboration with drug treatment. In total, 39.3% of 84 regular attenders of the psychoeducational training programme and 26.6% of 64 control patients reported having persuaded...

To evaluate the effect of a psychoeducational training, compliance, medication management, and illness-related attitudes were assessed among schizophrenic outpatients. Study patients who attended at least 70% of 10 psychoeducational sessions (n = 74) and the 57 patients of the control group were reexamined 2 years after the end of intervention. Att...

Failure to respond to adequate pharmacological treatment for major depression is now the most common indication for the use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). The advantages of ECT with respect to both speed and quality of response are clinically important issues, but surprisingly few studies have examined the efficacy of ECT in relation to newer...

Der Hintergrund des Plazebobegriffs ist wesentlich komplexer als es die augenfällige Evidenz von Plazeboeffekten im klinischen Alltag vermuten ließe. In den letzten Jahrzehnten hat die Plazeboforschung unter anderem demographische, psychologische und zum Teil auch zeichentheoretische Determinanten desjenigen Anteils an arzneilichen Therapien unters...

We report on a patient with left hemispheric thromboembolic stroke whose writing performance on single word dictation following recovery from an aphasic syndrome remained severely impaired but fluent. Having only very fragmentary command of the target's written spelling she produced neologistic nonwords which were approximately the same length and...

Writing and spelling are conceived as concerted actions comprising cognitive planning, motor action and an expressive content. In literate societies the individual use of alphabetic systems is acquired immediately after speech as a "cultural technique". As such these systems demand specific cognitive and motor skills which have been analysed primar...

Schreiben ist eine konzertierte Aktion aus kognitivem Entwurf, motorischem Akt und expressivem Gehalt. Die Schriftsprache ist eine ,,Kulturtechnik", die in alphabetisierten Gesellschaften unmittelbar im Anschluß an den Spracherwerb erlernt wird. Ihr Erwerb und ihre Beherrschung setzen den Vollzug kognitiver und motorischer Teilleistungen voraus, de...

Seventy texts, which had been produced spontaneously but in standardized contexts by (non-acute) schizophrenic patients and by non-schizophrenic subjects, were analysed linguistically in order to investigate the various strategies that speakers may use to join different sentences together to form a unified structure by semantic and lexicogrammatica...

Seventy texts, which had been produced spontaneously but in standardized contexts by (non-acute) schizophrenic patients and by non-schizophrenic subjects, were analysed linguistically in order to investigate the various strategies that speakers may use to join different sentences together to form a unified structure by semantic and lexicogrammatica...