Klára Bártová

Charles University in Prague | CUNI · Faculty of Humanities

A prospective partner’s sexual history provides important information that can be used to minimise mating-related risks. Such information includes the number of past sexual partners, which has an inverse relationship with positive suitor evaluation. However, sexual encounters with new partners vary in frequency over time, providing an additional di...

Research has repeatedly shown marked differences in men’s and women’s sexual response patterns; genital response in men tends to be elicited by cues that correspond to their sexual preference (preferred gender), while women’s genital response is less sensitive to gender cues and more sensitive to the presence and intensity of other sexual cues (e.g...

The development of human sexual orientation remains a complex and multifaceted subject. It is often studied but its origins continue to elude us. In this preregistered study, our primary objective was to demonstrate the fraternal birth order effect (FBOE), which assumes a higher prevalence of older brothers in gay men than in their straight counter...

Individuals with paraphilic interests in sexual violence or children may be more likely to sexually offend if they possess offense-supportive cognitions. These cognitions may develop in response to childhood adversity. However, this idea is largely based on research in men convicted of sexual offenses and may not generalize to non-incarcerated adul...

Men and women respond differently when presented with sexual stimuli. Men's reaction is gender-specific, and women's reaction is gender-nonspecific. This might be a result of differential cognitive processing of sexual cues, namely copulatory movement (CM), which is present in almost every dynamic erotic stimulus. A novelty eye-tracking procedure w...

Introduction Asexuality is usually defined as a lack of sexual attraction to others; however, asexuals may engage in sexual activity. Previous research has shown that asexuals are less likely to engage in sexual intercourse and masturbation than allosexuals. But information about detailed aspects of sexual behavior among asexuals is still scattered...

Introduction The yearning for intimate connection with another human being lies at the core of the human experience (Mashek & Aron, 2004). Thus, the ability to form stable and close bonds serves as a crucial indicator of psychological well-being (Burman & Margolin, 1992). However, for some individuals with problematic sexual interests, which may le...

Introduction Although the definition of asexuality varies across previous studies, asexuality is usually defined as a lack of sexual attraction to others. Recent surveys of general populations report that 0.4–1 % of the population identifies as asexual. Previous studies on asexuality mainly focused on differences between asexual and allosexual indi...

Objectives Sex robots may present an opportunity for a clinical management of individuals with paraphilic interests whose realisation would result in infliction of harm and/or legal consequences. Methods We explored the prevalence of desire for sex robot experience in a control group and two target groups: one with paraphilic interests in minors,...

Objectives We tend to think about paraphilic and "normophilic" patterns of sexual arousal as being strictly separated, yet the actual degree of „separatedness“ is unknown. In our research, we attempted to model relative distances among patterns and create a probabilistic landscape of arousal. Methods We collected data on sexual arousal from 5023 C...

Since Darwin proposed that human musicality evolved through sexual selection, empirical evidence has supported intersexual selection as one of the adaptive functions of artistic propensities. However, intrasexual competition has been overlooked. We tested their relative importance by investigating the relationship between the self-perceived talent/...

Sex robots may present an opportunity for a clinical management of individuals with paraphilic interests whose realisation would result in infliction of harm and/or legal consequences. We explored the prevalence of desire for sex robot experience in a control group and two target groups: one with paraphilic interests in minors, the other with inter...

Depression greatly affects sexuality. Theoretical and empirical accounts evidence the existence of attention bias relating to sex-related stimuli. This attention bias might be impaired in depression, resulting in sexual problems. A sample of 13 patients with depression and 13 matched healthy controls were tested using the dot-probe and picture reco...

Sexuální reaktivitu lze charakterizovat jako somatickou reakci, která je kontrolována nadřazenými spinálními a mozkovými centry, modifikována hormonálním stavem organismu a psychickým vyladěním člověka. Ve svých fyziologických projevech se mezi pohlavími příliš neliší, nicméně se ukazuje, že ženy se oproti mužům ve vzorech sexuální reaktivity liší....

Jealousy is defined as one of the most common automatic responses to endangering a relationship by a third party, and in evolutionary psychology it has the function of maximizing self-reproduction fitness, ensuring paternity security in men, and maintaining partner's resources in women. These include romantic jealousy, in men assuring certainty of...

Evidence suggests that personality may influence romantic relationship quality in several ways. Quality of relationship can be affected by an individual's personality (actor effect), partner's personality (partner effect), by discrepancy between ideal and actual partners' personalities (discrepancy effect), or by similarity between partners' person...

Infidelity is defined as unfaithfulness to a primary partner, which can take the form of a sexual or emotional extradyadic involvement with another person. Jealousy is explained as a reaction to threat to the relationship, reaction to loss of a partner, or response to a degradation of relationship’s individual values. This reaction can be triggered...

A mating strategy can be defined as a set of behavioral and cognitive adaptations which drive reproductive efforts of individuals. The ultimate aim of mating strategies is to maximize reproductive success. These strategies also affect individual investment in mating and parenting. Each consists of specific mating tactics in the form of individual b...

Romantic jealousy arises in response to a compromised relationship and in response to a real or potential threat posed by a third party. In evolutionary psychology, romantic jealousy and infidelity are most often divided into sexual and emotional type. Romantic jealousy is defined as a strategy to help an individual retain his partner, prevent his...

The relationship between major depression and cognitive processes leading to sexual reactions is insufficiently exmpiricaly explored. In a present work the dual control model is explained and and its importance in the context of depressive symptomatology is discussed. Based on the analysis of the model, a systematic search of the literature was per...

The review aims to present methods recently used for assessment of pedophilic preferences in research and clinical practice. It includes description of the wide range of methods from standardized self-reported questionnaires, penile plethysmography and polygraphy, eye tracking, visual reaction time and recent progress in the field of neuroimaging....

Attention to sexual stimuli is necessary for the development of sexual response, yet while there is some evidence of attention bias in favor of sexual stimuli, the direction and magnitude of the effect remain unknown. A high-powered sample of 113 participants was tested using the dot-probe task (DPT) and picture recognition task (PRT) to measure vi...

Numerous studies show that personality traits are linked to various aspects of sexuality and sexual health. A limited number of studies investigated associations between the Big Five personality traits and individual propensity to sexual excitation and inhibition, i.e. factors explaining individual variability in sexual responsiveness. We used Sexu...

The number of population-based studies focused on the prevalence of paraphilic sexual interests in men is very low and for women, the subject remains largely unexplored. The two main aims of this study are to investigate the prevalence of paraphilias and to explore sex differences in an online representative sample of Czech men and women using vari...

Sociosexuality, i.e. individual's willingness to engage in uncommitted sex, is systematically higher in men than in women, and can be considered a male typical trait. However, intrasexual variation in sociosexuality is considerable , with individual femininity/masculinity being one of the factors influencing sociosexuality. The aim of our study was...

Background: Using the dot-probe task (DPT) paradigm, previous studies have found contradictory evidence for the direction of an attention bias for sexual stimuli in a nonclinical population. This study seeks to further explore this area using the DPT and the picture recognition task (PRT). Methods: Within-subjects design was employed with a sample...

Romantic jealousy is usually defined as one of the most automatic reaction to threats to the relationship by third parties and is usually divided into sexual and emotional jealousy. Previous studies employing evolutionary approach have shown gender differences in the perception of jealousy; men generally demonstrate higher response to sexual infide...

Despite the number of theoretical explanations, the etiology of pedo/hebephilic preferences in people still calls for empirical testing. Neurodevelopmental research has shown higher proportion of left handedness in child sexual offenders. Behavioral learning models suggest that an abused child may imitate inappropriate sexual behaviors in the later...

Aims: To test the associations of non-consensual preferences with selected demographic parameters and to assess their connection to sadism. Conclusions: Factor analysis revealed the three distinct factors underliing positive responses to the non-consent and sadism items of our questionnaire. It indicates that there are three ethiologically differen...

The main aims of this study were to test the similarity of masculinity-femininity in long-term, male, same-sex couples from the Czech Republic and to examine whether this similarity predicts higher relationship satisfaction. In study 1, participants (N = 30) and their partners completed the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) and the Childhood gender non...

Studies of homogamy in personality in heterosexual couples have arrived at inconsistent results and research of this issue in same-sex couples is almost non-existent. Moreover, homogamy in actual couples can differ from preferred homogamy in ideal partners. In Study 1, preferences for personality homogamy and perceived homogamy in actual relationsh...

Secondary sexual characteristics that are consistently noticed by individuals of the opposite sex (e.g., female breasts) have been shown to be linked to individual qualities, such as health and/or fertility. However, it is not clear whether homosexual individuals seek similar traits in their potential partners as their heterosexual counterparts. He...

There are many reasons for utilising 3D animation and virtual reality in sexuality research. Apart from providing a mean with which to (re)experience certain situations there are four main advantages: a) bespoke animated stimuli can be created and customized, which is especially important when researching paraphilia and sexual preferences, b) stimu...

Recent research has reported that male body and facial hair influence women's mate preferences. However, it is not clear whether such preferences are typical for women or for individuals who prefer males as sexual partners. Here we explored body and facial hair in preferred and actual partners among men and women who prefer men as sexual partners....

Virtual reality technology allows designing of immersive virtual environment that might be used for diagnostics and treatment of persons with minor sexual preference that is ego-dystonic or is perceived as dangerous to society. We do operate with the theoretical framework that is based on sexual motivational system, which we reintroduce. The eye tr...

Personality is important for social and romantic life, but little is known about personality preferences in non-heterosexual individuals. Here we investigated individual differences in personality (Five Factor Model) of an ideal and actual partner, and in self-reported personality among heterosexual and non-heterosexual men and women in two populat...

Height and dominance influence mate preferences and choices. We explored preferred relative height (PRH) among ideal partners and actual relative height (ARH) among long-term partners in heterosexual and non-heterosexual men and women from Brazil and the Czech Republic. Furthermore, we tested whether PRH and ARH are influenced by own height, and su...

Male sexual orientation is commonly associated with gender non-conformity, in other words homosexual men show, on average, more feminine characteristics compared to heterosexual men. This article reviews the development of tools for measuring masculinity-femininity, and summarizes the research on the association between gender non-conformity and ma...

Term sodomy refers to any kind of sexual activity that would not lead to reproduction. Usually this term referred, in the past, to homosexual behavior which is widely studied and accepted by society by this day. Also it referred to sexual contact with animals – bestiality. In modern age the most known are studies by Kinsey who identified 8 % and Hu...

Objective: Activation of endogenous stem cells (ESCs) might help conservation intrinsic healing capacity of a healthy organism as well as rejuvenation of damaged erectile function. The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility and mechanism of incariside II (ICA II) in the treatment of ED in a rat model of bilateral cavernous nerves (CN)...

The main aim of this study was to test whether recalled childhood gender-nonconformity (CGN) and continuous gender identity (CGI) is associated with individual sociosexuality, i.e. tendency to uncommitted sexual variability. Sociosexuality is, on average, higher in men than in women and is linked to testosterone and dominance. We thus hypothesized...

From the evolutionary point of view homosexual orientation is a puzzle because same-sex sexual preferences significantly reduce individual reproductive success. In this paper, we reconsider two theories explaining human homosexuality as an extreme of an adaptive trait of bisexuality, and as a by-product of another adaptation which consists in a mor...