Kishore Bhat

• Doctor of Medicine
• consultant at ARIHANT HOSPITAL

Oral biofilms are considered the principal etiological agent in the development of periodontitis. Novel species that may contribute to periodontitis and dysbiosis have been identified recently. The study aims to evaluate the presence of F. alocis and D. pneumosintes in healthy and diseased patients and their association with clinical parameters and...

Background Dental caries is a multistep process which initiates the development of plaque‚ defined as a structured biofilm containing microbial communities. Teeth provide unique surfaces for bacterial colonization. Serotypes of Streptococcus mutans implicate the development of dental caries. Aim The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence...

Objective To assess the presence of Enterococcus faecalis in root canals of deciduous molars with necrotic pulp by agar culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Materials and methods This is an experimental study, where a total of 120 endodontic samples were taken from deciduous molars with necrotic pulps. The presence of Enterococcus fa...

Context Antimicrobial intracanal medicaments play a vital role in successful outcome of any endodontic procedure. One such plant extract Cuminium cyminium , as intracanal medicaments needs to be researched. Aims The purpose of this study was in vitro assessment of the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of C. Cyminium in comparison to Calciu...

Aim Oral candidiasis is a fungal infection of the oral cavity caused by Candida albicans. Currently used antifungal drugs fail to treat oropharyngeal candidiasis. Herbal remedies are found to be safe and effective to treat bleeding gums, halitosis, mouth ulcers, and reduce tooth decay. Cardamom is known to possess antimicrobial, antioxidant, and im...

Purpose: The aim of this study is to test the efficacy of three different concentrations of cones of coenzyme Q10 on the activity of key periodontal pathogens. Material and methods: CoQ10 cones of three concentrations i.e. 1%, 2% and 3% were formulated using combination of different polymers and their microbiological activity were tested on four pe...

Background: Ovarian cancer (OvCa) malignancy is a widespread type of cancer with a poor prognosis contributed by resistance developed against platinum-based drugs. The use of phytochemicals has been an innovative key for the treatment of OvCa. The antiproliferative properties of Thymoquinone (TQ) have indicated remarkable effects on targeting multi...

Introduction: Inflammation of the supporting tissues which is also known as periodontitis contributes to the major etiological factor for tooth loss. Consortium of pathogenic bacteria with elevated levels lead to onset and progression of periodontal disease. Gram negative bacteria, primarily severe anaerobes, are responsible for most of it. Aims an...

Background: Prevotella is a Gram-negative anaerobic bacilli. The phenotypic characteristics of the various species of Prevotella are similar, which often makes it difficult in routine differentiation and identification of all the species. Aim: The purpose of the study was to detect and compare presence of Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigres...

Background: Inflammation of tooth-supporting tissue and the pulp tissue is followed by wound healing and regeneration process that involves the specific type of connective tissue cells, the fibroblasts. During periodontitis and pulpitis, the inflammation of the tissue causes damage to the fibroblasts. These fibroblasts secrete collagen proteins an...

The periodontal disease etiology has been a demesne of scrupulous research, with a myriad of bacterial phylotypes inhabiting the periodontal pockets. The aim of our study was to assess the frequency of Filifactor alocis in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) subjects having a healthy periodontium (DH) or chronic periodontitis (DCP) and its correlation wi...

Background Ovarian cancer (OvCa) is the most common cause of gynecological malignancy that has a refractory response toward platinum therapy. The diagnosis of the disease happens at advanced stages and has a lesser survival rate in women. The reduced quality of life in women is due to the resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy and hence t...

The mixed-ligand fluoro­phore-labelled copper(II) complex aqua­[2,4-dioxo-3-aza­tri­cyclo­[7.3.1.05,13]trideca-1(12),5,7,9(13),10-pentaen-3-olato-κ²O²,O³](1,10-phenanthroline-κ²N,N′)copper(II) nitrate, [Cu(C12H6NO3)(C12H8N2)(H2O)]NO3·CH3OH or [Cu(L)(phen)(H2O)]NO3·CH3OH (where phen is 1,10-phen­anthroline and HL is N-hy­droxy­naph­tha­lene-1,8-di­c...

Oral hygiene maintenance is important to maintain optimal oral health. Oral health is affected by dysbiotic oral microflora in the dental plaque. Virulent factors of pathogenic organisms, such as gingipain, are responsible for tissue degradation and host tissue invasion in periodontal disease. We sought to investigate the distribution of gingipain...

Aim/Background: Osteosarcoma is one of the prevalent cancers occurring mostly in adolescents and has a high risk of malignancy. With complications involved in the current treatment strategies, alternates including the use of phytochemicals have gained fame. Cranberries are known for their exceptional health benefits and have been explored for their...

Oral cancer has a high mortality rate, which is mostly determined by the stage of the disease at the time of admission. Around half of all patients with oral cancer report with advanced illness. Hitherto, chemotherapy is preferred to treat oral cancer, but the emergence of resistance to anti-cancer drugs is likely to occur after a sequence of treat...

A novel 1,8-naphthalimide containing ligand (L) and its three mononuclear complexes with different anions, [Cu(L)2](NO3).3(H2O) (1), [Cu(L)2]Cl.4(H2O) (2), [Cu(L)2]ClO4.DMF (3) was synthesized and characterized by NMR, infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, ESI-MS and single crystal X-ray crystallography. Single-crystal diffraction analysis of...

Introduction: The micro-flora of oral cavity is a myriad of micro-organism. Any infection of oral cavity leads to diseased condition which is a transitional transformation of the micro-organism in a specific paradigm depending upon the diseased condition. Periodontitis is one of the predominant chronic diseases which is a multifactorial infection....

Introduction: Capnocytophaga are facultative anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli and recognized as opportunistic pathogens of various extraoral infections. Only a few studies attempted to identify all the seven species of Capnocytophaga phenotypically and genotypically in healthy individuals and patients with chronic periodontitis. Studies to determin...

Two Iridium(III) complexes [Ir(ppy) 2 ((mqmaq)] + (1) and [Ir(bhq) 2 ((mqmaq)] + (2) {ppy = 2-phenylpyridine, bhq = benzo[h]quinoline, mqmaq = 2-methyl-3-{(E)-[(quinolin-2-yl)methylidene]amino}quinazolin-4(3H)-one} have been designed, synthesized and structurally characterized. Complex 2 has been structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray s...

Two water-soluble ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes [Ru(bpy)2(qip)]Cl2 (1) and [Ru(phen)2(qip)]Cl2 (2) (where bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, qip=2(1H)-quinolinone-3(1H-imidazo[4,5f][1,10]phenanthrolin-2-yl) have been synthesized and structurally characterized. The experimental electronic spectral results obtained match well wi...

Cancer is a leading cause of death and an important source to the mortality and morbidity worldwide. The management in contemporary medicine is having toxicity to normal cells so the world is looking forward for drugs which are cytotoxic to cancer cells and non toxic to host cells and Medicinal plants are the doing well in this aspect. Adhahapushpi...

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the common cancer of the head and neck. OSCC exhibits complex interplay of genetic and epigenetic instability. The genetic constituents affect even noncoding portion of genome such as microribonucleic acids (miRNAs, mirs, and miRs). An array of dysregulated miRNAs has been shown to influence tumorigenesis. The...

Two fluorophore tagged copper(II) complexes [Cu(phen)(L)(ClO4)2] (1) and [Cu(bpy)(L)(H2O)(ClO4)](ClO4) (2), (where L=2‐amino‐1H‐benzo[de]isoquinoline‐1,3‐(2H)dione (L), phen=1,10‐phenanthroline and bpy=2,2′‐bipyridine) have been synthesized and structurally characterized. Structures of the copper complexes 1 and 2 were confirmed by single‐crystal X...

Cloves (Syzygium aromaticum) as been used as traditional medicine for many years and they possess antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral properties. Clove is known for its anticancer property on various cancer cell lines and is well established, but its anticancer effect on OSCC cell lines is less known. Aim of the study was to determine the antic...

A solitary median maxillary central incisor (SMMCI) is a rare anomaly that can occur alone or be associated with other systemic abnormalities. Early diagnosis of SMMCI is crucial as it might indicate the presence of an associated congenital or developmental abnormality. The prevalence of live-born children with SMMCI is determined to be 1:50,000 an...

Objective: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) belong to a subpopulation of undifferentiated cells present within tumors that have the potential to regenerate, differentiate, maintenance of pluripotency, drug resistance, and tumorigenicity when transplanted into an innate host. These can influence the growth and behavior of these tumors and are used to inves...

The current paper deals with 8-hydroxyquinoline derived p-halo N4-phenyl substituted thiosemicarbazones, their crystal structures, spectral characterization and in vitro cytotoxic studies of Co(III), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes. The molecular structures of the ligands, (E)-4-(4-halophenyl)-1-((8-hydroxyquinoline-2-yl)methylene)thiosemicarbazones (h...

Introduction: Micro Ribonucleic acid (miRNA) is the novel fraction of non-coding RNA, which is considered as the biological measure of genetic state of a cell. It plays a mantle regulatory role post transcriptionally, involving both biological and pathologic cellular processes. miRNAs possess unique properties like, abundant tissue expression which...

Background: Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common epithelial malignancy of the oral cavity which has evolved globally as a grave and growing health problem. It shares a wide geographic variation with respect to the incidence rate and exhibits anatomic adaptation to oral environment with varied clinical presentation along with a sp...

Aim The aim of the current study was to isolate stem cells from various dental sources such as dental pulp, periodontal ligament (PDL), and apical papilla, and to characterize stem cells by staining for the presence/absence of specific surface markers and also to differentiate stem cells into osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic cell lineages b...

Background: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease causing destruction of tissues surrounding the teeth. The primary etiological factor for periodontitis is plaque. An inference could be drawn that an overall reduction in microorganisms halts disease progression. It is desirable to have natural agents with minimal side effects to reduce the micr...

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to culture uncultured oral bacteria with helper strains using the coculture method from the subgingival plaque samples of chronic periodontitis patients. Materials and methods: The samples were processed and inoculated on a blood agar medium enriched with hemin and Vitamin K. A helper strain Propionibacterium...

Objectives There is paucity of information on the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of oral anaerobic bacteria. In this study, an attempt has been made to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility/resistance trend of oral Gram negative bacteria from Indian subjects. Methods Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 304 isolates against twelve...

Background: The main bacterial aetiological agents in caries formation are the α-haemolytic Streptococcal species Streptococcus mutans, which has been found to be the initiator of most dental caries. The leaves of Camellia sinensis known as green tea, has properties, such as antibacterial and anti-cariogenic. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) one...

Porphyromonas gingivalis is a keystone pathogen and major colonizer in host tissue which plays a pivotal role in periodontitis among the other polymicrobial infections. Increasing facts demonstrate that curcumin has antibacterial activity and anti-biofilm effect against the periodontopathogens through diverse mechanisms that have a positive impact...

Background: Neutrophils, the most abundant white blood cells are known to play a major role in the fundamental physiological response to tackle with microbial infections via different mechanisms. A series of assays have been developed that mimic neutrophil functions both in vivo and in vitro to look at specific deficiencies of neutrophil function....

Background Periodontitis, an inflammatory disease of multifactorial etiology, has bacteria playing an essential role in its pathogenesis. Prevotella intermedia plays an important role in disease initiation and progression. Objectives The objective was to detect immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against P. intermedia in blood of periodontally healt...

The two novel fluorophore labelled copper(II) complexes [Cu(L)2(DMF)Cl2] (1) and [Cu(phen)(L)Cl2] (2), (Where, L = N-(3-pyridyl)-1, 8-naphthalimide, phen = 1,10- phenanthroline, DMF = dimethylformamide) incorporating fluorophore N-(3-pyridyl)-1, 8-naphthalimide and 1,10-phenanthroline...

Background Systemic antimicrobials can be used as an adjunct to mechanical debridement (scaling and root planing (SRP)) as a non-surgical treatment approach to manage periodontitis. A range of antibiotics with diMerent dosage and combinations are documented in the literature. The review follows the previous classification of periodontitis as all in...

Background: Systemic antimicrobials can be used as an adjunct to mechanical debridement (scaling and root planing (SRP)) as a non-surgical treatment approach to manage periodontitis. A range of antibiotics with different dosage and combinations are documented in the literature. The review follows the previous classification of periodontitis as all...

Objective: Currently oral cancer is the sixth most common cancer in the world with a quarter of world burden being borne by India. Wheat grass, a traditional medicine is used worldwide to treat various ailments, with its anticancer activity being reported on few cell lines like Hep2, Hela and K562. Aim: Aim of this study was to evaluate the antican...

Two cationic Iridium(III) complexes [Ir(ppy)2((tdzp)]+ (1) and [Ir(bhq)2((tdzp)]+ (2) {ppy=2-phenylpyridine, bhq= benzo[h]quinoline, tdzp=[1,2,5]-thiadiazolo-[3,4-f]-[1,10]-phenanthroline} have been synthesized and structurally characterized. The molecular structures of iridium complexes have been confirmed by single-crystal X-ray structure determi...

Aim The cancer stem cells (CSCs) are known to be responsible for drug resistance and cancer relapse in the treatment of cancer. Identification and isolation of CSCs and study of their properties will play a crucial role in developing an effective drug against these targets. The aim of the study was to isolate CSCs from primary cancer by the tumorsp...

Background & Objectives: Assays for neutrophils constitute an important component of screening tests in clinical immunology. There are no standard protocols for performing many of these tests and procedures vary from one laboratory to another. In addition, normal ranges for these assays in healthy Indian population have not been defined. Hence, an...

Introduction: Periodontitis is a chronic destructive inflammatory disease of the oral cavity. The main causative agent is presence of biofilm formed due to different micro-organisms. Among different micro- organisms "red complex" bacteria is known to be the main causative agent in progression of periodontitis. Porphyromonas gingivalis out of the r...

Introduction: Capnocytophaga species are recognized as part of human oral microbiota and implicated as periodontal pathogens associated with various periodontal diseases. The three original Capnocytophaga species - Capnocytophaga ochracea, Capnocytophaga sputigena and Capnocytophaga gingivalis were initially isolated from periodontitis in adults,...

Porphyromonas gingivalis is regarded as a “keystone pathogen” in periodontitis. The fimbria assists in the initial attachment, biofilm organization, and bacterial adhesion leading to the invasion and colonization of host epithelial cells. The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence of fimA genotypes in patients with chronic periodontitis...

Background: The success endodontic therapy depends on complete disinfection of root canals. Biomechanical preparation alone is not effective to disinfect root canals necessitating use of irrigants and intracanal medications to eliminate resident bacteria. Systemic antibiotics may not play prominent role in pulpless teeth. Thus, antibacterial agents...

Background Linagliptin (LNG) is an oral hypoglycemic agent that acts by inhibiting the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase - 4 (DPP-4) and reduces blood sugar levels in type-II diabetic patients. To date, the literature presents few analytical methods for the determination of LNG. However, no reversed phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC)...

Objective: This study was aimed at examining the role of Tenascin-C in T cell trafficking in Oral Lichen Planus (OLP). Design: For the in vivo immunohistochemical analyses, 115 OLP samples were collected from patients and immunostaining was performed. The intensity and distribution of TN-C expression were quantified and correlated with histologi...

Scardovia wiggsiae has recently been identified as a potential pathogen associated with dental caries. The aim of the present study was to detect and quantify S. wiggsiae from dental plaque samples of children suffering from severe early childhood caries and children who were caries free by employing a real time DNA polymerase chain reaction method...

Background and Aims Porphyromonas gingivalis ( P. gingivalis) is considered as an important pathogen responsible for periodontal disease which is characterized by inflammation of gingiva and destruction of periodontal ligament and alveolar bone leading to loss of tooth. Along with clinical investigations, suitable microbiological analysis needs to...

Context: The dental pulp tissue is capable of healing after surgical amputation of infected/inflamed tissue during vital pulp therapy, when in contact with a suitable medicament. Emblica officinalis (amla), a traditional medicine, is one such medicament which has never been evaluated for its healing potential in pulp therapy. Aims: The aim of th...

Introduction: Curcumin, a component of turmeric (Curcumalonga L.), is a molecule of multitude of medicinal properties. Although curcumin has found a place in the treatment of gingival and periodontal diseases, there are no reported cytotoxicity studies on the cells of clinical significance (i.e., periodontal ligament [PDL] fibroblasts). Aims: Th...

Background: Culture of cells and tissues is a standard research method practiced in many laboratories. In most of the cases, these cultures are being used as substrates for cell products or as investigative tools for delving the mechanism of gene expression, cell proliferation and transformation. Primary monolayer cell culture has been beneficial...

Background: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is involved in the etiology of localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP), a condition that frequently requires supplemental antibiotic therapy. Information on antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and guidelines for oral antibiotic therapy are not available on Indian patients. Aim: The main aim of...

The intention of this review was to condense ongoing findings on the use of circulating DNAs from bodily fluids (blood, serum and plasma) as cancer biomarkers in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Studies were collected after searching databases: PubMed and Google library. Additional search was performed through cross-check on the bibliogr...

Periodontal disease is an oral inflammatory disease that destroys the tooth supporting periodontal tissues resulting in tooth loss. Porphyromonas gingivalis is a keystone pathogen that plays a significant role in periodontitis. In previous studies, resveratrol has shown significant results by targeting inflammatory and adhesive markers. Virulence f...

Context: It is important to develop new therapeutic materials that have requisite clinical actions, are safe and economical. Aims: This study aims to histologically evaluate curcumin, an extract of turmeric (Curcuma longa) as a pulpotomy agent in rat molars and to compare it to mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Settings and Design: Animal study. Su...

Background One of the main characteristics of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is genetic alteration in specific target regions. Allelic imbalance in tumor suppressor genes is the key event in OSCC which is associated with loss of heterozygosity mostly on chromosome 9p21 locus which includes p16 marker. p16 (D9S1747) is a microsatellite marker w...

AIM: To evaluate the cytotoxic potential of endophytic fungi isolated from A. blanchetii. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Endophytic fungi were isolated from A. blanchetii using surface sterilization methods, grown in different types of media to ascertain their suitability for growth. Mass culture was prepared using suitable media and extracts using severa...

Introduction and Aims A naturally available plant extract of Melaleuka alternifolia tea tree oilTTO is used as a very good antibacterial antifungal antiviral antiprotozoal and anti-inflammatory agent. Currently lot of importance is given for its anticancer effect. Our aim was to evaluate anticancer activity of Melaleuka alternifolia against larynge...

Melanoma is the most deadly and life-threatening form of skin cancer with progressively higher rates of incidence worldwide. The objective of the present investigation is to develop and to statistically optimize and characterize curcumin (CUR) loaded ethosomes for treatment of melanoma. A two factor, three level (3²) factorial design approach was e...

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical properties of locally prepared Licorice varnish (LV), commercially available Fluoride varnish (FV) and a Combination of both Varnishes (CV). Material and methods: LV was prepared using authenticated licorice roots. Commercially available FV (Bifluorid 12) was used as a positive contr...

Background: The role of Capnocytophaga species in oral health and disease is not well studied, and there are no reports from India about their prevalence in the oral cavity� Few attempts have been made to identify all seven cultivable species of Capnocytophaga from gingival pocket� The aim of this study was to detect the prevalence of Capnocytophag...

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is most common oral cancer with multifactorial etiology. Surgical therapy is treatment of choice but known to have recurrence. The main reason for recurrence is associated with surgical margins which need to be tumor free. Changes at genetic level cannot be ascertained only through routine light microscopy in sur...

Background: Periodontitis is a persistent polymicrobial infection, which leads to chronic inflammation in the tooth supporting tissues. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans are normal commensals of oral cavity but are low in number in periodontally healthy subjects. They are one of the major pathogens aetiologically linked to periodontal disease....

Background: Recent investigations have shown the possible involvement of bacteria other than mutans group and Lactobacilli in the etiology of caries. Molecular methods have been used to study the microbial diversity in caries-active (CA) and caries-free (CF) children. Among them, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) is more popular and h...

Iridium(III) complexes containing quinoline-appended polypyridyl ligands [Ir(ppy) 2 (qip)] + (1) and [Ir(bhq) 2 (qip)] + (2) {ppy = 2-phenylpyridine, bhq = benzo[h]quinoline, Qip = 2(1H)-quinolinone-3(1H)-imidazo[4,5f][1,10]-phenanthrolin-2-yl} have been synthesized and characterized. The structure of complex 2 has been determined by single crystal...

Herbal mouthwash,

Context: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A.a) serotypes may add some important information of the pathogenetic background of periodontal infections. A.a leukotoxin is an important virulence factor in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and its rate of progression. When compared to minimally leukotoxic strains, variants of A.a highly leu...

Aim and background: The aim of the present study is to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial susceptibility and cytotoxicity of Cocos nucifera and chlorhexidine (CHX) as irrigating solutions against Enterococcus faecalis, Prevotella intermedia, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Materials and methods: The ethanolic extract of husk of C. nucifera was...

The mechanisms of inter­action of inorganic complexes with DNA are important in the design and development of new metal-based drug mol­ecules. The limitations of cis-platin have encouraged the design and development of new metal-based target-specific anti­cancer drugs having reduced side effects. The com­plex cis-di­chlorido­bis­(1,2,5-thia­diazolo...

Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of selective anaerobic microorganisms in primary root canal infections of symptomatic and asymptomatic non-vital teeth with periapical pathosis using multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Methods: A total of 100 root canal samples (50 from symptomatic and 50 from asymptomatic teeth...

Background: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcommitans is a proven periodontal pathogen. In dentistry, there is a need to identify and quantitate the organisms from the diseased sites quickly and reliably. Since culture requires several days, molecular methods are being used frequently to detect A. actinomycetemcommitans. Among them, fl uorescent in si...

Background Several herbal mouthwash and herbal extracts have been tested in vitro and in vivo in search of a suitable adjunct to mechanical therapy for long-term use. In this study, we aimed to look at the antimicrobial effect of the herbal mouthwash and chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwash on select organisms in in vitro test and an ex vivo model. Mater...

Objectives: Compare and correlate immunoexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and CD105 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and correlate its expression with the prognosis of the patient. Materials and methods: A retrospective study was carried out on total of 49 cases of OSCC. Detailed demographic and clinical data were ob...

Background An efficient antimicrobial agent action is required for a predetermined time period for absolute elimination of root canal microbes. Till date, there is limited or no data on the antimicrobial effect of octenidine as an intracanal medicament with chitosan (CTS) as a carrier against Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis. Aim The aim...

Aim: Research has demonstrated that there are multiple strains of Porphyromonas gingivalis with varying potency to cause periodontal disease. The current study aims at using heteroduplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect the strain diversity of P. gingivalis in periodontitis lesions of varying severity in a sample of the Indian population....

Purpose: Licorice is called “grandfather of herbs” and is being used for wide various ailments since time immemorial. However, its use in dentistry has been recently. Soxhlet and Cold maceration are the two commonly employed methods for extraction of drug from raw products. But which of two is gives better antibacterial property to licorice root re...