Kirit Vaidya

Aston University · Aston Business School

This paper investigates the energy service companies (ESCOs) in China from the perspective of technological capability (TC) development. The conventional capability development model of manufacturing in emerging economies has been adapted to examine the four dimensions of TC (investment, production, linkage and innovation) through a qualitative ana...

The bulk of health care service provision in Saudi Arabia is undertaken by the public health care sector through the Ministry of Health, which is funded annually by the total government budget, which, in turn, is derived primarily from oil revenue. Public health care services in Saudi Arabia are characterised by an overload, overuse, and shortage o...

Background The Saudi Healthcare System is universal, financed entirely from government revenue principally derived from oil, and is ‘free at the point of delivery’ (non-contributory). However, this system is unlikely to be sustainable in the medium to long term. This study investigates the feasibility and acceptability of healthcare financing refor...

Background: The public sector healthcare system in Saudi Arabia, essentially financed by oil revenues and 'free at the point of delivery', is coming under increasing strain due to escalating expenditure and an increasingly volatile oil market and is likely to be unsustainable in the medium to long term. Objectives: This study examines how satisf...

Technological capabilities in Chinese manufacturing have been transformed in the last three decades. However, the extent to which and how domestic market oriented state owned enterprises (SOEs) have developed their capabilities remain important questions. The East Asian latecomer model has been adapted to study six Chinese SOEs in the automotive, s...

However, the extent to which domestic market oriented state owned enterprises (SOEs) have developed their capabilities is not clear. Six SOEs in the automotive, steel and machine tools sectors in Beijing and Tianjin have been studied since the mid-1990s to assess the capability levels attained and the role of external sources and internal efforts i...

One of the issues in the innovation system literature is examination of technological learning strategies of laggard nations. Two distinct bodies of literature have contributed to our insight into forces driving learning and innovation, National Systems of Innovation (NSI) and technological learning literature. Although both literatures yield insig...

Pakistan is one of the pilot countries for implementing the UN “Delivering as One” reform (henceforth One UN Reform) to make the UN development effort more integrated, coherent and effective. The One UN Programme in Pakistan is focused on supporting the Government of Pakistan (GoP) in its strategy to attain the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)....

Purpose The paper assesses the extent to which China's comparative advantage in manufacturing has shifted towards higher‐tech sectors between 1987 and 2005 and proposes possible explanations for the shift. Design/methodology/approach Revealed comparative advantage (RCA) indices for 27 product groups, representing high‐, medium and low‐tech sectors...

The transfer of technology to China, especially in the manufacturing sector, is considered to be a major contributor to its recent economic growth. However, we must distinguish between technology transferred by foreign companies into their wholly or majority-owned subsidiaries in China and the technology acquired by indigenous enterprises. It is on...

The transfer of technology to China, especially in the manufacturing sector, is considered to be a major contributor to its recent economic growth. However, we must distinguish between technology transferred by foreign companies into their wholly or majority-owned subsidiaries in China and the technology acquired by indigenous enterprises. It is on...

The transfer of technology to China, especially in the manufacturing sector, is considered to be a major contributor to its recent economic growth. However, we must distinguish between technology transferred by foreign companies into their wholly or majority-owned subsidiaries in China and the technology acquired by indigenous enterprises. It is on...

This paper addresses the question of how enterprises can improve their competitiveness through the acquisition and development of technology, and hence how countries are able to raise the level of industrial development and grow their GDP. It takes the example of East Asia to demonstrate how fast economic growth can be achieved through the ''stages...

The last decade or so has witnessed the emergence of the national innovation system (NIS) phenomenon. Since then, many scholars have investigated NIS and its implementation in different countries. However, there are very few investigations into the relationship between the NIS of a country and its national innovation capacity. This paper aims to ma...

This paper reports on a part of work for the UNIDO initiative on technology transfer for sustainable industrial development. The proposed technology transfer framework, adapted from the East Asian late industrialisers model, identifies two categories of countries requiring support for enhancing their technological capabilities: (a) very late indust...

This paper is an input into the UNIDO initiative on "Technology Transfer: Assessing Needs - Promoting Action" to be launched at the 2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) where technology transfer from industrialised to developing countries is likely to emerge as an important issue. The terms of reference for the paper are to (a) summa...

In recent years, it has become increasingly common for companies to improve their competitiveness and find new markets by extending their operations through international new product development collaborations involving technology transfer. Technology development, cost reduction and market penetration are seen as the foci in such collaborative oper...

This paper conceptualises the enhancement of technological capability by firms, following international technology transfer, as an evolutionary process. During this process, the existing technological, managerial and other complementary resources may require restructuring. Since China is in transition from central planning to market orientation, th...

This paper addresses the question of how enterprises can improve their competitiveness through the acquisition and development of technology, and hence how countries are able to raise the level of industrial development and grow their GDP. It takes the example of East Asia to demonstrate how fast economic growth can be achieved through the "stages"...

Foreign direct investment has been important in China's economic development since the early 1980s. In recent years, the volume of inward FDI into China, according to some estimates, has been second only to that into the USA. The Chinese government has emphasised the need for FDI to be coupled with the transfer of more advanced technologies to Chin...

To best use their proprietary resources companies can extend the application of their know-how through technology collaborations. International technology transfer provides a means whereby they can globalise their production operations to take advantage of cost or market factors. This paper examines the question of partnership arrangements for inte...

Foreign direct investment (FDI) may have a positive impact on labour productivity in recipient industries through direct introduction of capital, technology and management skills and indirectly through spillover effects on domestic firms. This study uses a model intended to examine the overall effects of inward FDI in the Chinese electronics indust...

This paper analyses the determinants of the regional distribution of both pledged and realized foreign direct investment (FDI) within China. The econometric properties of the panel data set are examined using a standardized 't-bar' test for unit root. The empirical results indicate that there exists a long run relationship between the spatial distr...

An important objective of the European Union is to develop an economic partnership with China as a part of a wider political and trade relationship. Technology transfer to China and collaboration in research and technology development (RTD) between Europe and China are important aspects of this evolving partnership. This paper describes a study com...

The central objective of this study was to assess the potential impact on EU competitiveness, over the medium to long term, of the transfer of European advanced technology (including R&D capacity) to China. In the study, technology transfer has been defined as the acquisition and application of foreign technology by Chinese enterprises and institut...

Technology is a key part of organisational knowledge and gives its owners their distinctive capabilities and competitive advantages. However, to best use these assets technology often needs to be transferred and shared with others through a form of technology collaboration. This raises the important question of how technology should be valued when...

The central objective of the study is to assess the potential impact on EU competitiveness, over the medium to long term, of the transfer of European advanced technology (including R&D capacity) to China. The broad context is the evolving Europe-China partnership and the aim of the EU to integrate China further into the world economy. The study inc...

The value of technology and the appropriate form of transfer arrangement are important questions to be resolved when transferring technology between Western manufacturing firms and partners in industrialising and developing countries. This article reports on surveys carried out in the machine tool industries in the UK and China to establish the dif...

In recent years it has become increasingly common for companies to improve their competitiveness and find new markets by extending their operations through international new product development collaborations involving technology transfer. Technology development, cost reduction and market penetration are seen as the foci in such collaborative opera...

This paper describes some empirical studies that have been carried out to investigate the characteristics of the Chinese steel industry in terms of technological renovation and its relationship with the more general question of technology tiansfer to China. Consideration is given to the question of technology valuation that is an issue when technol...

Technology is at the core of both products and processes, so to improve competitiveness and access markets it must be acquired, absorbed and developed. Moreover, as manufacturing has become more globalised, technology is also increasingly being transferred as part of collaborations between companies and has therefore effectively become a commodity...

To improve competitiveness and find new markets companies are extending their operations through collaborations involving technology transfer. However, such collaborations have often been based on ad hoc agreements resulting from negotiations in which each side has been inadequately equipped with information about the other’s motivations and expect...

In recent years technology transfer has been used increasingly within international manufacturing as a means of reaching new markets and is playing a critical role in establishing collaborative ventures between companies in developed and developing countries. This paper describes the outline of a framework for technology valuation that is being dev...

In recent years international technology transfer has been used increasingly as a mechanism for globalising manufacturing and is seen to be playing a critical role in establishing collaborative ventures between enterprises in developed and developing countries. In China, technology transfer agreements are not only driven by the foreign suppliers' m...

Results of complementary surveys of foreign and Chinese manufacturing enterprises with respect to their objectives and expectations regarding technology transfer into China show that the major strategic objective of foreign enterprises, to gain access to the Chinese market, fits well with Chinese enterprises’ main objective of improving domestic co...

In recent years technology transfer has been used increasingly within international manufacturing as a means of reaching new markets and is playing a critical role in establishing collaborative ventures between companies in developed and developing countries. This paper considers the concept of transfer value within the context of a technology valu...

This paper draws on concepts and literature on strategic alliances, to analyse different forms of technology based relationships (ranging from a one-off sale of product technology to an equity joint venture) between manufacturing companies from industrialised countries and Chinese enterprises in the machine tools industry. Technology transfer is pr...

Previous research into the transfer of technology between the UK and China has shown that the value of technology is a crucial question in most transfer negotiations and collaboration arrangements. To assist with negotiations a technology valuation model is being developed through a project supported by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Rese...

As manufacturing becomes increasingly globalized the value of technology has become a crucial question when being transferred from suppliers to acquirers. Under many forms of transfer arrangement the value of technology cannot be considered in isolation from the nature of the arrangement itself which could range from one-off transactions to an equi...

Due to its fast growth China is rapidly becoming a focus for globalized manufacturing strategies and is now one of the world's largest markets for technology. The international transfer of manufacturing technology has also contributed significantly to the recent sharp increase in the rate of China 's industrial development. The Chinese machine tool...

Evidence from a survey shows that British engineering companies with a business interest in China recognise the potential benefits from technology transfer to China. The major strategic objective in transferring technology to China is to gain access to the Chinese market. British firms have a high opinion of the capability of Chinese enterprises to...

State-owned enterprises in China have been given greater autonomy and responsibility, have freer access to foreign technology, and are being encouraged to form groups to gain from rationalization and integration. This article uses case studies to identify the key strategic issues that affect the commercial viability of foreign technology acquisitio...

Evidence from a survey shows that British engineering companies with a business interest in China recognise the potential benefits from technology transfer to China. The major strategic objective in transferring technology to China is to gain access to the Chinese market. British firms have a high opinion of the capability of Chinese enterprises to...

Due to its fast growth China is rapidly becoming a focus for globalised manufacturing strategies and is now one of the world's largest markets for technology. The international transfer of manufacturing technology has also contributed significantly to the recent sharp increase in the rate of China's industrial development. The Chinese machine tool...

With greater globalization of manufacturing, the transfer of technology across national boundaries has become more common and the forms of technology transfer more complex. Increasingly the "trade channel", where technology is transferred through sale or licence, is being superseded by the "investment channel ", where transfer is facilitated throug...

Results of complementary surveys of foreign and Chinese engineering enterprises with respect to their objectives and expectations regarding technology transfer into China show that the major strategic objective of foreign enterprises, to gain access to the Chinese market, fits well with Chinese enterprises' main objective of improving domestic comp...

Technology is increasingly becoming a commodity that is bought and sold on world markets or transferred by a variety of other means. Of all the industries to be affected by this phenomenon, electronics production has probably undergone the most dramatic transformation and in just a few years the structure of the sector has been massively transforme...

Since opening to the outside world in the late 1970s China has become one of the world's largest markets for manufacturing technology. Technology transfer is therefore becoming one of the most effective routes for gaining access to the Chinese market. China's policy of targeting specific sectors, coupled with its encouragement of foreign investment...

This paper presents the perceptions of British and other foreign companies on the situation in China with regard to technology transfer. It is based mainly on a questionnaire survey conducted by Aston Business School in collaboration with the China-Britain Trade Group, supplemented by selected interviews. The survey represents part of a wider progr...

The opening up of the Chinese economy and the associated transfer of technology from abroad have been taking place at an accelerating pace. Technology is crucial to China's industrial development. It is a productive resource and has a vital role in the process of economic and social development. This article provides an overview of technology trans...

State owned enterprises in China have been given greater autonomy and responsibility, have freer access to foreign technology and are being encouraged to form groups to gain from rationalisation and integration. This article uses case studies to identify the key strategic issues which affect the commercial viability of foreign technology acquisitio...

This paper examines the implications of the EEC common energy policy for the UK energy sector as represented by a long-term programming model. The model suggests that the UK will be a substantial net exporter of energy in 1985 and will therefore make an important contribution towards the EEC's efforts to meet its import dependency target of 50% or...

This paper examines the implications of the EEC common energy policy for the UK energy sector as represented by a long-term programming model. The model suggests that the UK will be a substantial net exporter of energy in 1985 and will therefore make an important contribution towards the EEC's efforts to meet its import dependency target of 50% or...

This paper examines the implications of the EEC common energy policy for the UK energy sector as represented by a long-term programming model. The model suggests that the UK will be a substantial net exporter of energy in 1985 and will therefore make an important contribution towards the EEC's efforts to meet its import dependency target of 50% or...

Gately [1974] recently introduced the concept of an individual player's propensity to disrupt a payoff vector in a three-person characteristic function game. As a generalisation of this concept we propose the disruption nucleolus of ann-person game. The properties and computational possibilities of this concept are analogous to those of the nucleol...

Gately [1974] recently introduced the concept of an individual player's “propensity to disrupt” a payoff vector in a three-person characteristic function game. As a generalisation of this concept we propose the “disruption nucleolus” of ann-person game. The properties and computational possibilities of this concept are analogous to those of the nuc...

In order to assess the effects of rural transport infrastructure investments and policies on poverty and its alleviation, it is necessary to distinguish between poor and non-poor users of the infrastructure. It is impractical to obtain such information from detailed roadside interviews. This paper reports on a rapid appraisal methodology (developed...

The national systems of innovation (NIS) approach focuses on the patterns and the determinants of innovation processes from the perspective of nation-states. This paper reports on continuing work on the application of an NIS model to the development of technological capability in Turkey. Initial assessment of the literature shows that there are a n...