Kimberley Monden

University of Minnesota | UMN · Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Study design: Qualitative research design involving semi-structured focus groups. Objectives: To increase current understanding of how persons with spinal cord injuries (SCI) define resilience and what factors contribute to their resilience or the resilience of others. Setting: Inpatient rehabilitation program in a large urban city in the Sout...

Depression care management as part of larger efforts to integrate behavioral health care into primary care has been shown to be effective in helping patients and primary care clinicians achieve improved outcomes within the primary care environment. Central to care management systems is the use of registries which enable effective clinic population...

The aim of this study is to assess the impact of an integrated care model, called the Behavioral Health Consultation model, in the delivery of care for depression in an urban Federally Qualified Health Center, and to gauge the receptiveness of primary care clinicians to increasing their responsibility for the mental health care of their patients. W...

Purpose/Objective: This study aimed to determine the feasibility of using commercially available heart rate variability (HRV) biofeedback training to improve physiological and self-reported stress and anxiety among adults with tetraplegia. HRV biofeedback teaches individuals to effectively modify their HRV levels in synchronization with their respi...

Study design: This is a secondary analysis of data from a cross-sectional, observational study. Objectives: The study aimed to determine whether stigma mediates the relationship between preceived injustice and depression symptoms among individuals with spinal cord injuries. Setting: Secondary analysis of participants enrolled in the Spinal Cor...

Objective To assess the cost-effectiveness of alternative approaches to diagnose and treat obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) during inpatient rehabilitation. Setting Data collected during the Comparison of Sleep Apnea Assessment Strategies to Maximize TBI Rehabilitation Participation and Outcome (C-SAS) cl...

Study Design: This is a secondary analysis of data from a cross-sectional, observational study. Research Method/Design: A bootstrapping mediation analysis was conducted to evaluate the stigma-mediated relationship between injustice appraisals and depression symptoms. Injustice appraisals were assessed using the Injustice Experience Questionnaire, s...

Purpose: This qualitative study explored perceived barriers and facilitators to access and utilization of assistive technology (AT) among Veterans and civilians living with tetraplegia. We also explored differences in access to and utilization of AT between civilians and Veterans. Materials and methods: Semi-structured focus groups were conducte...

Objective: To recommend a cut-off score for the brief 2-item Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD-2) measure for persons with spinal cord injury/disorder (PwSCI/D) and to estimate anxiety occurrence within this population using the full 7-item Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7). Design: Multi-centre retrospective analyses. Setting: One inpatien...

Importance: The manuscript proposes the feasibility and potential of a remote Qigong intervention to reduce neuropathic pain in adults with spinal cord injury (SCI)-related neuropathic pain. Objective: We determined the feasibility and estimates of efficacy of a remotely delivered Qigong intervention in adults with SCI-related neuropathic pain. Des...

Background: Chronic low back pain (cLBP) affects the quality of life of 52 million Americans and leads to an enormous personal and economic burden. A multidisciplinary approach to cLBP management is recommended. Since medication has limited efficacy and there are mounting concerns about opioid addiction, the American College of Physicians and Ameri...

Background: Neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury (SCI) is notoriously hard to treat. Mechanisms of neuropathic pain are unclear, which makes finding effective treatments challenging. Prior studies have shown that adults with SCI have body awareness deficits. Recent imaging studies, including ours, point to the parietal operculum and insula as...

Background The incidence of anxiety in adults with spinal cord injury/disorder (SCI/D) exceeds that of the general population. Heart rate variability (HRV) biofeedback training is a potential treatment associated with a reduction in stress and anxiety, however HRV training has not been explored in the SCI/D population. Objectives To describe a mod...

Background The consequences of spinal cord injury (SCI) can place significant demands on an individual’s coping mechanisms. Interventions to promote psychological adjustment and coping are often included in inpatient rehabilitation programs; however, following discharge, many individuals with SCI do not receive ongoing counseling or education about...

Study design: Cross-sectional, observational study. Objectives: To determine whether changes in essential care during the COVID-19 pandemic impacted satisfaction with activities, participation, and relationships among individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). Setting: Data were collected online between December 31, 2020 and February 14, 2021...

Objective: The impact of COVID-19 lockdowns and social distancing for persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) are poorly understood. This exploratory online qualitative study collected self-reported COVID-19 experiences from persons with SCI in the United States (US). To enrich understanding, these data were compared to similar previously-published...

Objectives: To evaluate associations between depression, anxiety, and cognitive impairment among individuals with complicated mild to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) 1 year after injury. Setting: Multiple inpatient rehabilitation units across the United States. Participants: A total of 498 adults 16 years and older who completed inpatient...

Study design: Cross-sectional study. Objective: To assess associations between weekly aerobic exercise minutes and resting interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), or leptin levels in adults with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). Setting: Three hundred and forty-four community-dwelling men and women with SCI duration of > 1 year. Metho...

Purpose/objective: Health disparities in rehabilitation have been identified in brain injury (BI), spinal cord injury (SCI), stroke, and amputee populations. A free clinic was established to serve such uninsured individuals. The purpose of this exploratory study was to characterize the sample of patients attending a free rehabilitation clinic by i...

Purpose/objective: To provide a descriptive account of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the spinal cord injury (SCI) community focused on participants' concerns about medical discrimination and medical rationing, the impact of the pandemic on access to personal care attendants and medical supplies, and the impact of the pandemic on overall a...

Objective: To summarize the current literature to identify what research has been conducted, examine the approaches used, and determine what is presently known about prescription and nonprescription opioid receipts and use among individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Data sources: The search strategy included the following: opioid; opiat...

Cross-sectional, observational study. To understand how resilience, access to personal care attendants (PCAs) and medical supplies, and concerns about medical rationing, finances, and social isolation are related to overall and mental health in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Community dwelling adu...

Objective: People living with spinal cord injury (SCI) are often immunocompromised, and at increased risk of respiratory infection. Given the restrictions in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, those with SCI may be at increased risk of health deterioration, though how this is experienced is poorly understood. This study explored the experiences of...

Retrospective analysis of cross-sectional data. To verify the factor structure of the Injustice Experience Questionnaire (IEQ) using a sample of individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) and to assess IEQ scale reliability and construct validity using the same population. Two SCI rehabilitation sites in the United States. Three datasets were combin...

Objective To characterize the use of complementary and integrative healthcare (CIH) by people with spinal cord injury (SCI). Design Cross-sectional self-report study. Setting Participants were recruited from five Spinal Cord Injury Model System (SCIMS) centers across the United States (US). Interventions Not applicable. Participants 411 persons...

Objective To examine associations of patient characteristics and treatment quantity delivered during inpatient spinal cord injury (SCI) rehabilitation with outcomes at 5 years post-injury and compare them to the associations found at 1 year post-injury. Design Observational study using Practice-Based Evidence research methodology in which clinicia...

Objective Describe who returns to driving (RTD) after moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), when this occurs, who maintains that activity, and association with outcome. Design Cross-sectional descriptive. Setting Eight follow-up sites of the TBI Model System (TBI MS) program. Participants 618 participants enrolled in the TBI MS and 88...

Objective To explore participants’ experiences after implantation of a diaphragmatic pacing system (DPS). Design Cross-sectional, observational study using self-report questionnaires. Setting Participants were recruited from six Spinal Cord Injury Model System (SCIMS) centers across the United States (Craig Hospital, CO; Jefferson/Magee Rehabilit...

Purpose/Objective: The purpose of this study was to (a) assess the relationship between stigma and psychosocial outcomes and (b) examine the potential mediating influence of stigma on the relationship between sociodemographic and injury-related characteristics and psychosocial outcomes after spinal cord injury (SCI). Research Method/Design: This c...

Objective: Describe rehabilitation needs and factors associated with unmet needs at 5 years post-traumatic brain injury (TBI). Setting: Five Veterans Affairs (VA) polytrauma rehabilitation centers (PRCs). Participants: VA TBI Model Systems participants (N = 283; 96% male, 75%, 57% severe TBI). Design: Prospective observational cohort. Main...

Objective: Describe the association between unmet rehabilitation needs and life satisfaction five years after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Design: Prospective observational cohort. Setting: Five Veterans Affairs (VA) Polytrauma Rehabilitation Centers. Participants: VA TBI Model Systems participants (N=301), 95% male, 77% White, average age...

Introduction Recent studies highlight prevalent obstructive sleep apnea after moderate to severe TBI during a time of critical neural repair. The purpose of this study is to determine the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and comparative effectiveness of traditional sleep apnea screening tools in TBI neurorehabilitation admissions. Methods This...

Background Obstructive sleep apnea is prevalent during a time of critical neural repair following traumatic brain injury (TBI). The diagnostic utility of existing sleep studies is needed to inform clinical management during acute recovery from TBI. Research Question This study aimed to evaluate the non-inferiority and diagnostic accuracy of a port...

Introduction: Sleep is increasingly recognizes as a crucial component to rapid and successful rehabilitation, especially from traumatic brain injuries (TBI). Assessment of longitudinal patterns of sleep in a hospital setting, however, are difficult and often the expertise or equipment to conduct such studies are not available. Actigraphy (wrist wo...

Background. Disrupted sleep is common after traumatic brain injury (TBI) particularly in the inpatient rehabilitation setting where it may affect participation in therapy and outcomes. Treatment of sleep disruption in this setting is varied and largely unexamined. Objective. To study the feasibility of instituting a sleep hygiene intervention on a...

Purpose/objective: The purpose of the present qualitative study was to explore how people living with spinal cord injury (SCI) conceptualize 2 factors believed to contribute to perceptions of injustice (i.e., severity/irreparability of loss and blame/sense of unfairness) and identify specific sources that contribute to these perceptions. Research...

Objective: To determine the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity and comparative effectiveness of traditional sleep apnea screening tools in traumatic brain injury (TBI) neurorehabilitation admissions. Design: Prospective diagnostic comparative effectiveness trial of sleep apnea screening tools relative to the gold standard, attended Level 1 p...

Objective: To investigate the association between insurance provider and reported assistive technology (AT) use to access computers and electronic devices 1 year after sustaining tetraplegia. Design: Multicenter cross-sectional study. Setting: Participants enrolled in the Spinal Cord Injury Model Systems (SCIMS) National Database. Interventio...

Objective: Disrupted sleep is common during acute recovery from traumatic brain injury (TBI) and has been linked to daytime agitation. This study investigated the relationship among nighttime sleep efficiency (SE), total sleep time (TST), wakefulness after sleep onset (WASO), and number of wake bouts (NWB) as measured by actigraphy to observer rati...

Study design: Cross-sectional study. Objective: To identify unique predictors of perceived injustice compared with depression symptoms within the first year after SCI. Setting: Inpatient rehabilitation program in a large urban region in the Southwestern United States. Methods: A sample of 74 participants with median time since injury of 52 d...

Introduction Sleep disturbances in TBI population can have negative consequences on physical, psychological and cognitive recovery. While polysomnography (PSG) is the gold standard for evaluating sleep disorders, actigraphy has been widely used to screen for sleep-wake disorders, especially ones that change longitudinally. In a small sample of TBI...

Background: As awareness of disrupted sleep in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) increases so does interest in finding objective measures of sleep. As a result, many clinicians are turning to actigraphs to monitor sleep in patients with altered consciousness. Actigraphs are accelerometers which have been used in sleep research for over fo...

Background: Mastery of laparoscopic skills is essential in surgical practice and requires considerable time and effort to achieve. The Virtual Basic Laparoscopic Skill Trainer (VBLaST-PC(©)) is a virtual simulator that was developed as a computerized version of the pattern cutting (PC) task in the Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery (FLS) system....

Background: Perceived injustice, the belief that one’s injuries are undeserved, irreparable, and attributable to another’s error/negligence, has been found to be predictive of negative physical and psychosocial outcomes various musculoskeletal conditions. Although we are beginning to gain a better understanding of the correlates of injustice during...

Background: To assess the impact of participation of multiorgan procurement (MP) by general surgery (GS) residents on surgical knowledge and skills, a prospective cohort study of GS residents during transplant surgery rotation was performed. Methods: Before and after participation in MPs, assessment of knowledge was performed by written pre and...

Study design: Cross-sectional study design involving completion of self-report measures. Objective: To investigate the relationship between perceived injustice, post-traumatic stress symptoms and depression in a sample of individuals receiving inpatient rehabilitation care following hospitalization for acute spinal cord injury (SCI), as well as...

Study design: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving completion of self-report measures. Objectives: Individuals who acquire a spinal cord injury (SCI) face numerous physical and psychological challenges, with the former receiving considerable less attention during the rehabilitation process. In this article, we examined event centrality...

Objective: Describe the utilization, accessibility, and satisfaction of primary and preventative health-care services of community-dwelling individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). Design: Cross sectional, in-person or telephonic survey, utilizing a convenience sample. Setting: Community. Participants: Individuals with SCI greater than 12-...

Objective: Perceived injustice – the belief that one’s injury is undeserved and attributable to another’s error or negligence – is predictive of negative physical and psychosocial outcomes among individuals with musculoskeletal conditions. Perceived injustice has also been associated with psychological constructs implicated in establishment and mai...

Purpose/objective: To investigate the feasibility of brain-computer interface (BCI) with patients on an inpatient spinal cord injury (SCI) unit. Research Method/Design: This study included 25 participants aged 18-64 who sustained traumatic or nontraumatic SCI and did not have severe cognitive or psychiatric impairment. Participants completed a var...

The current study examined the association between perceived injustice (assessed by the Injustice Experiences Questionnaire) and intent to litigate in a sample of individuals who had recently suffered a spinal cord injury and were currently on an inpatient rehabilitation unit. Higher perception of injustice was associated with reported interest in...

Objective: A fundamental principle of rehabilitation psychology is that individual appraisals of the social and physical environment—including injury itself— have profound consequences for coping and adjustment. When core assumptions of a just and predictable world are violated and accompanied by ostensibly undeserved suffering and loss, perception...

When physicians lack proper training, breaking bad news can lead to negative consequences for patients, families, and physicians. A questionnaire was used to determine whether a didactic program on delivering bad news was needed at our institution. Results revealed that 91% of respondents perceived delivering bad news as a very important skill, but...

Objective: In 2012, the highest numbers of West Nile Virus (WNV) cases were reported by the Center for Disease Control since 2003. This outbreak included over half of the identified patients being classified with one of the more debilitating neuroinvasive subtypes of WNV. Despite improvements in diagnosis and treatment options in symptom managemen...

Objective: to examine the role of event centrality in the psychological recovery from spinal cord injury (SCI). Background: Individuals who sustain a SCI not only have to cope with the physical pain of the injury, but also the psychological consequences of the disability. Individuals who sustain a SCI can experience numerous associated and chronic...

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship among psychological variables associated with well-being and a candidates ranking to a general surgery residency (GSR) training program. A secondary purpose was to explore potential differences in personality traits and psychological well-being (PWB) between high and low ranking c...

Spinal cord injuries present serious health and quality of life concerns and can result in an array of issues that affect physical, psychological, and social functioning, which is reflected in the high cost of health-related services. Individuals who acquire an SCI experience numerous associated and chronic conditions (e.g., spasticity, heart disea...

Objectives: To identify (1) changes in psychosocial factors, (2) relationships between psychosocial factors, and (3) significant predictors of resilience in adults with spinal cord injury (SCI) during inpatient rehabilitation and at 3-month post-discharge. Design: Cross sectional with convenience sample based on inclusion/exclusion criteria. Se...

Background: Autonomic dysreflexia is a common and potentially life-threatening problem in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). It occurs secondary to any noxious stimuli below the neurological level of injury leading to potentially life-threatening effects and increased morbidity and mortality for the patient. Objective: To explore the potential...

Objective: Of the 5,387 people diagnosed with West Nile Virus (WNV) in 2012, 51% were classified as neuroinvasive disease (Center for Disease Control). Despite inconsistent literature regarding recovery after WNV, some studies support persistent cog- nitive and physical symptoms at 1 year or later (Cook et al., 2010; Sadek et al., 2010). This case...

P37. Background: Resilience, defined as an individual’s ability to flourish in the face of adversity or a disruptive event, has been found to be negatively associated with depression among individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) in acute rehabilitation and positively associated with life satisfaction among individuals with SCI living in the commu...

B-21. Objective: A growing body of literature indicates that resilience, the ability to “bounce back” from adversity, may play an im- portant role in the mental health among individuals who acquire a traumatic injury. Among individuals with spinal cord injury, Catalano, Wilson, Chan, and Chiu (2011) found resilience mediated the effect of depressio...