Kevin Credit

National University of Ireland, Maynooth | NUI Maynooth · National Centre for Geocomputation

The increasing use of “new” machine learning techniques, such as random forest, provides an impetus to researchers to better understand the role of space in these models. Thus, this article develops an approach for constructing spatially explicit random forest models by including spatially lagged variables to mirror various spatial econometric spec...

Since its emergence in 2019, the worldwide spread of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has created a vast economic crisis as government lockdowns place considerable strain on businesses of all kinds – particularly those that rely on face-to-face contact, such as retail restaurants, and personal services. Given the recent emergence of the...

Retail centres are important tools for understanding the distribution and evolution of the retail sector at varying geographical scales. This paper presents a framework through which formal definitions and typologies of retail centres, such as those in the UK, can be extended to the US. Using Chicago as a case study and data from SafeGraph, we pres...

This paper develops a method to dynamically model urban passenger mode trade-offs at fine-grained spatial and temporal scales using data from OpenTripPlanner (OTP) and the City of Chicago’s Transportation Network Providers (TNP) dataset. This approach can be used to calculate dynamic modal cost-distance trade-offs for specific times, routes, and ge...

This paper compares ZIP code‐level data on observed COVID‐19 testing and case rates for the City of Chicago and New York City to better understand both 1) the extent to which racial and ethnic disparities in COVID‐19 testing and case rates exist at the neighborhood level, and 2) the most important neighborhood‐level drivers of these observed dispar...

In the years between the Great Recession and the COVID-19 pandemic, large numbers of retail store closures prompted concern over a growing retail “apocalypse.” However, academic research on the spatial and temporal extent of such an apocalypse – and its relationship to regional economic vitality – is lacking. This chapter uses an extensive national...

This paper describes a fully customizable open source method to create linked origin-destination data on commuting flows by mode at the Census tract scale by combining LODES and ACS data from the US Census Bureau. With additional work, the method could be scaled to the entire US (with a small number of exceptions) for every year from 2002 to 2019....

Understanding the regional economic implications of rising water and wastewater services is important, because these services are household necessities. To date, however, there are few (if any) studies examining the link between water costs and indicators of economic vitality such as jobs, output, and regional income. To advance work on this partic...

While delineating the connection between transportation accessibility and economic activity has long been a topic of interest in geography and regional science, a better understanding of the agglomerative benefits of transportation systems is vital. This paper seeks to tie the concepts of accessibility and agglomeration together by arguing that acc...

This paper evaluates the relationship between transit station proximity and new business creation in five US regions with varying levels of maturity in rail transit development and/or entrepreneurial ecosystems: Boston, San Jose, Austin, Cleveland and Philadelphia. It tests a variety of spatial econometric models to find the best specification and...

Despite burgeoning interest in entrepreneurial ecosystems, there is little information on metrics for studying the actors and interconnections within these systems. The increasing availability of data and metrics for characterizing entrepreneurial activity in recent years provide opportunities for analyzing EE in more holistic ways. A critical firs...

Background Food access is a global issue, and for this reason, a wealth of studies are dedicated to understanding the location of food deserts and the benefits of urban gardens. However, few studies have linked these two strands of research together to analyze whether urban gardening activity may be a step forward in addressing issues of access for...

This article examines the impact of Phoenix's light rail system, which opened in 2008, on new firm formation in specific industries. Individual business data from 1990-2014 are used in a quasi-experimental adjusted-interrupted time series (AITS) regression to compare the impact of the transit system's construction on new business starts in 'treatme...

Multinational enterprises (MNEs) now exhibit knowledge-seeking behaviors which are critical to maintain or gain a competitive advantage. Emerging work about the interaction between MNEs, space, and place also highlights the need for finer scale research to understand the strategy and knowledge exchange of MNEs, which remains limited to this point....

This paper examines the importance of place-making in economic development by evaluating the relationship between specific urban design features – based on Jacobs' " four generators of diversity " (1961) and Ewing and Cervero's " Five-D's " (2010) – and business sales volume. Despite the increased recognition of the importance of walkable urbanism...

Inner city revitalization efforts centered on fostering new business activity are controversial because they assume that the job creating capacity of new businesses is capable of impacting aggregate employment levels in inner city neighborhoods. Given this controversy, this paper examines the link between new business activity and inner city employ...

This study analyzes the intra-metropolitan location patterns of entrepreneurial activity in ten U.S. metropolitan areas between 1989 and 2010. In this time period, new establishment activity has both intensified in urban centers and followed the outward expansion of people into suburban and exurban spaces. From a temporal perspective, new establish...