
Keshav Janakiprasad KumarNational Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences | NIMHANS · Department of Clinical Psychology
Keshav Janakiprasad Kumar
M.Phil , PhD
About
124
Publications
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Introduction
Additional affiliations
July 2005 - May 2017
Publications
Publications (124)
Background
With increased for promoting neuroplasticity in older adults through Cognitive training (CT), the study aimed to develop culturally relevant caregiver‐driven model of CT for dementia called the Individualized Cognitive Augmentation Regimen for Elderly (iCARE).
Method
The study has three phases‐
1. Development Phase‐ Included a) literatu...
Background
Dementia care is incomplete without active caregiver involvement. Yet, existing cognitive interventions often overlook this crucial aspect. This study aims to develop and evaluate the feasibility of a Caregiver Driven Cognitive Training (CDCT) program in the Indian context, recognizing caregivers as essential partners in the care process...
Introduction Mid-life cognitive function contributes to a wide range of health and social outcomes. However, there are knowledge gaps in understanding the associations of life-course growth and longitudinal cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk marker profile which are major determinants of mid-life cognition. Our study, therefore, aims to examine the...
Background
Evidence suggests that type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with cognitive impairment. There is a dearth of research on T2DM and cognition in older adults from India. We aimed to study the cognitive functioning of older persons with T2DM compared to healthy controls (HC) and understand the influence of illness characteristics an...
Background
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a safe non‐invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) procedure which helps to stimulate a particular region of interest by modulating the neuronal firing rate, thereby modulating the cognitive functioning. The tDCS intervention is known to show improvement on memory recall and recognition in pati...
Background
Dementia with Lewy body is a neurodegenerative disorder and is the second most common cause of dementia after Alzheimer’s disease. We aimed to study the demographic, clinical, neuropsychological, and imaging characteristics of these patients.
Methods
The current study is a retrospective chart review of 37 patients who met the diagnostic...
Objectives:
This study aimed to localise the eloquent cortex and measure evoked field (EF) parameters using magnetoencephalography in patients with epilepsy and tumours near the eloquent cortex.
Methods:
A total of 41 patients (26 with drug-refractory epilepsy and 15 with tumours), with a mean age of 33 years, were recruited. Visual evoked field...
Introduction:
Cognitive impairment is a common non-motor feature of Parkinson's Disease (PD). Diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment is challenging and routinely missed in clinical practice. Our study aimed to study the efficacy of NIMHANS Neuropsychological Battery for Elderly (NNB-E) in diagnosing subtle cognitive deficits in PD patients.
Objec...
Cognitive abilities are markers of brain development and psychopathology. Abilities, across executive, and social domains need better characterization over development, including factors that influence developmental change. This study is based on the cVEDA [Consortium on Vulnerability to Externalizing Disorders and Addictions] study, an Indian popu...
Cognitive impairment contributes to functional impairment in schizophrenia. Yet, little is known about how environmental characteristics are related to cognition in schizophrenia. By examining how cognition and the environment are intertwined, it may be possible to identify modifiable risk and protective factors that can improve cognitive outcomes...
Objective The study explores whether the epileptic networks associate with predetermined seizure onset zone (SOZ) identified from other modalities such as electroencephalogram/video electroencephalogram/structural MRI (EEG/VEEG/sMRI) and with the degree of resting-state functional MRI/positron emission tomography (RS-fMRI/PET) coupling. Here, we ha...
Objective: To ascertain the role of resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI)-based modularity in differentiating spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) and spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2).
Background: Although SCA1 and SCA2 tend to possess certain distinct clinical features, there may be no definite distinctions on imaging, especially in the early...
Background: Emerging evidence supports the view that brain stimulation might improve essential tremor (ET) by altering brain dynamics and facilitating brain plasticity. Yet, we are still missing a mechanistic explanation of the whole brain dynamics underlying these plasticity-defining changes.
Method: In this study, we explored the effect of low-fr...
Malware ascription is a relatively unexplored area, and it is rather difficult to attribute malware and detect authorship. In this paper, we employ various Static and Dynamic features of malicious executables to classify malware based on their family. We leverage Cuckoo Sandbox and machine learning to make progress in this research. Post analysis,...
Introduction:
Neuropsychiatric sequelae of traumatic brain injury (TBI) inform that personality changes last up to 30 years post-TBI where at least 15% of them are organic in nature posing greater challenges for prognosis. Cognitive retraining is an established form of intervention in targeting cognitive and behavioural symptoms following TBI.
Me...
Objective
Lateralization of seizure focus in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a prime step in pre-surgical evaluation requiring prolonged seizure monitoring using video EEG and manual inspection of recordings. This study uses phase amplitude coupling (PAC) in resting state magnetoencephalography to automatically lateralize TLE focus.
Methods
Fifty-...
Malware ascription is a relatively unexplored area, and it is rather difficult to attribute malware and detect authorship. In this paper, we employ various Static and Dynamic features of malicious executables to classify malware based on their family. We leverage Cuckoo Sandbox and machine learning to make progress in this research. Post analysis,...
Background
Working memory and executive function deficits are the characteristic features of Mild Cognitive Impairment and mild Alzheimer’s Disease (mild AD). Studies exploring the alterations in working memory and executive functions show disrupted functional connectivity in Dorsolateral Pre Frontal Cortices (DLPFC) and Angular Gyrus (AG). Transcr...
The Cognitive Remediation Workbook for Alcohol Use Disorder consists of 11 cognitive retraining tasks aimed to facilitate cognitive/executive functioning. This workbook describes in detail, its clinical usefulness for persons with alcohol use disorder and potential applicability in other clinical conditions based on neuropsychological
profile/cogn...
The pathophysiology of the memory impairment following Herpes Simplex virus encephalitis is not yet established and understood. This study attempts to elucidate the role of white matter injury and its impact on neuropsychological outcome in patients with history of Herpes Simplex virus encephalitis. This is a single-institution prospective study as...
Objective
This study aims to evaluate the utility of magnetoencephalography in presurgical planning and in predicting post-surgical seizure outcome.
Methods
This study included a cohort of 231 children (1-18 years) with focal drug-resistant epilepsy who underwent MEG as a part of their presurgical workup. Characteristics of MEG observations were d...
Purpose – This study aims to examine the effectiveness of an integrated intervention program for alcoholism (IIPA) for improving verbal encoding and memory, visuospatial construction, visual memory and quality of life (QoL) in persons with alcohol dependence.
Design/methodology/approach – The sample comprised treatment-seeking alcohol-dependent per...
In the light of shared genetic underpinnings of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, their comparative profile of social cognition (SC) performance – an intermittent phenotype and determinant of functional outcome – is poorly understood. Using data from 160 individuals, we identify unique patterns of composite and domain-specific SC-abilities betwee...
Cyberspace provides a completely different platform for the expression of one’s needs in comparison to the face-to-face world. The use of cyberspace by teenagers is becoming a major concern due to the emergence of engagement in deviant use of internet applications inclusive of engagement in sexting; excessive and addictive use of the internet, cons...
Background:
Low and middle-income countries like India with a large youth population experience a different environment from that of high-income countries. The Consortium on Vulnerability to Externalizing Disorders and Addictions (cVEDA), based in India, aims to examine environmental influences on genomic variations, neurodevelopmental trajectorie...
Background:
Older adults with depression often have cognitive deficits contributing to higher morbidity and increased risk for conversion to dementia. Research on this area is limited from India.
Objective:
The objective of the current study is to examine the neuropsychological measures in older adults with Late-onset depression (LOD) compared to...
Background: Impulsivity and aberrant reward processing are the core features of substance use disorders, including alcoholism. The present study was examined the effects of an Integrated Intervention Program for Alcoholism (IIPA) on impulsiveness and disadvantageous reward processing/risk-taking in persons with alcoholism.
Materials and Methods: Th...
Background: Neuroelectrophysiological measures such as electroencephalograms (EEGs) in resting state and event-related potentials (ERPs) provide valuable information about the vulnerability and treatment-related changes in persons with alcoholism. This study examined the effectiveness of an Integrated Intervention Program for Alcoholism (IIPA) usin...
Objective
The non‐motor manifestations of motor predominant disorders has been area of active interest in recent times. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of non‐motor symptoms in patients with genetically confirmed spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA).
Materials and Methods
Forty‐one patients of SCA and 48 age, gender and educatio...
Background
Cognitive deficits (both neuro & social Cognition) play a vital role in determining functional status in schizophrenia. It has been noted that functional outcomes are relatively better in Indian rural settings. This suggests that cognition might be better in rural patients. Considering the prevailing vast cultural differences there is pa...
Background
Previous attempts of Mental Health Systems Assessment in India were restricted in scope and scale. Information on all aspects of mental health systems (leadership/governance, legislation, financing, service delivery, workforce, access to essential medicines, information systems, intersectoral activities, and monitoring and evaluation) wa...
The global burden of disease attributable to externalizing disorders such as alcohol misuse calls urgently for effective prevention and intervention. As our current knowledge is mainly derived from high-income countries such in Europe and North-America, it is difficult to address the wider socio-cultural, psychosocial context, and genetic factors i...
Background
Recognizing the need for good quality, scientific and reliable information for strengthening mental health policies and programmes, the National Mental Health Survey (NMHS) of India was implemented by National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, in the year 2015–2016.
Aim
To estimate the prevalence, socio-...
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI) represents the transition between healthy aging and Alzheimer’s dementia (AD) wherein gradual impairment of cognitive abilities, especially memory sets in. Impairment in episodic memory, especially delayed recall, is a hallmark of AD and therefore, patients with aMCI with more severe impairment in episodic...
Background:
Internet usage leads to psychological disturbances, social problems, and neuropsychological dysfunctions. Alhough there is no definite trend has been reported for the association of augmentation of cognitive function and internet use pattern.
Method:
The current work explored the neuropsychological profile among healthy, mild, and mo...
Brain resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC), white matter (WM) integrity, and cortical morphometry, as well as neuropsychological performance, have seldom been studied together to differentiate Alzheimer's disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and elderly cognitively healthy comparison (eCHC) samples in the context of the same study...
Objective: Alcoholism could be a core problem of self-regulatory failure. Several neurocognitive theories have hypothesized hypo-functioning or dysfunction of reflective (executive) system and heightened functioning of reactive (impulsive) system in self-regulatory failure implicated in drug addiction. Similarly, stress and affect dysregulation may...
Multi-domain cognitive impairment (CI) has been frequently described in patients with essential tremor (ET). However, the exact neuroanatomical basis for this impairment is uncertain. This study aims to ascertain the role of the hippocampal formation in cognitive impairment in ET. Forty patients with ET and 40 age, gender and education matched heal...
Objectives
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the cognitive profile of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients with REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and to correlate with the clinical stage and polysomnographic variables.
Methods
The study included 25 PD patients who had RBD and 25 PD patients who based on two questionnaires were determined a...
The digit span test is widely used to assess attention and working memory. It is a portable, relatively culture-free and frequently used test. However, the cultural validity of this test, particularly in the Indian older population, is not well established.
Objective:
This study explores the usefulness of the digit span test for Indian older adul...
Background: Psychological distress has been seen among internet users with gaming. There is a need to evaluate the effect of internet gaming on psychological well-being. The present study assessed the depression, anxiety, and stress among users with internet gaming disorder (IGD). Methodology: Sixty users (58 males and 2 females) in the age group o...
Background: Impulsivity is considered to be a vulnerability marker for substance use disorders, including alcoholism, in offspring with familial alcoholism. However, it is not adequately explored whether different age groups offspring at high risk for alcoholism differ in their impulsivity. The present study examined trait impulsivity in offspring...
Background:
There is a paucity of information about which impairments, cognitive or neurological, determine the functional outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The present study aims to determine the relative contributions of each of the above impairments for determining the functional outcome after SAH.
Materials and methods:...
Objective:
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a neurodegenerative disorder with progressive motor and autonomic dysfunction. There is a paucity of information on the early neurostructural changes in MSA, especially its subtypes, MSA-P (patients with predominant parkinsonism) and MSA-C (patients with predominant cerebellar signs). This study investig...
Objectives
Offspring with family history of alcoholism are considered to be at high risk for alcoholism. The present study sought to expand our understanding of cognitive and behavioural dispositions associated with executive control and self-regulation in alcohol naïve offspring with and without family history of alcoholism.
Methods
Sample compri...
Background:
Recent advances in neurophysiological techniques have contributed to our understanding of the pathophysiology of Huntington's disease (HD). Studies of the motor cortical excitability and central motor pathways have shown variable results.
Objectives:
Our aims were to evaluate the cortical excitability changes in HD using transcranial...
Mild Cognitive impairment (MCI) is an important pre-dementia stage to be identified towards prevention. We screened a large number of older adults seeking help at hospital and community towards a diagnosis of MCI and this study describe their clinical and neuropsychological profile. Older adults aged 60 years & above seeking help at NIMHANS outpati...
Objective: To study the acute phase serum biomarkers in patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and to correlate them with short term cognitive deficits.
Materials and Methods: This is a prospective observational study conducted at a tertiary care center for neurotrauma. The participants included patients with mTBI (n = 20) and age, gender...
Neuropsychological profile of schizophrenia with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) in comparison with that of schizophrenia without OCD is understudied and the results are inconsistent. We hypothesize that patients having schizophrenia with OCD (‘schizo-obsessive disorder’) may have unique neuropsychological deficits in comparison with those with...
Background/aims:
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive disconnection of various brain networks leading to neuropsychological impairment. Pathology in the visual association areas has been documented in presymptomatic AD and therefore we aimed at examining the relationship between brain connectivity and...
Introduction: Tourette's syndrome (TS) is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by the presence of multiple motor and vocal tics. Here, we report the case of a young man with severe TS refractory to multiple medications who underwent deep brain stimulation (DBS), which was successful in substantially ameliorating his tics. To our knowle...
Despite mounting evidence for the distinctiveness of symptom dimensions in obsessive-compulsive disorder, neuropsychological studies have been few, focused on small samples, and relying on classification of participants based on mutually exclusive symptom categories, resulting in lack of concordance across neuropsychological and imaging studies. Ne...
Background: Alcoholism is a heterogeneous construct. It is classified predominantly into two types: Early onset alcoholism (alcohol dependence before the age of 25 years) and late onset alcoholism (alcohol dependence after the age of 25 years). Studies have reported that early onset alcoholism is more severe in nature as compared to the late onset...
Pilot findings from the project titled ”Development of an Intervention Programme for Socio-Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders”
Objective:
This is an invited paper for a special issue with the objective to provide information on neuropsychology in India.
Method:
Information was gathered from a literature search and personal communication with professionals working in the field of neuropsychology.
Results:
Neuropsychology as a specialization started in India approximate...
Examination of brain structural and functional abnormalities in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) has the potential to enhance our understanding of the initial pathophysiological changes in dementia. We examined gray matter volumes, white matter microstructural integrity as well as resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) in patients wi...
Background & Aim: The effectiveness of cognitive retraining in various neuro-psychiatric conditions has been documented across research, mostly on cognitive functions like Attention, Working Memory, Learning and Memory. The current study attempts to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive retraining on long standing organic personality change acqui...
We examined the effectiveness of the Integrated Psychological Therapy (IPT) on social cognition, social skills and functioning in people diagnosed with `schizophrenia' from the Indian subcontinent, using a single group design with baseline, post and 3-month follow-up assessments. Twenty-nine clinically stable persons diagnosed with SZ were recruite...
The dysfunctional inner mirror: poor insight in obsessive-compulsive disorder, contributions to heterogeneity and outcome - Volume 20 Issue 5 - Himani Kashyap, J. Keshav Kumar, Thennarasu Kandavel, Y. C. Janardhan Reddy
Objective: Elderly populations are vulnerable to age-related cognitive decline. Planning, a frontal lobe function, is reported to be affected in the elderly population. There is a paucity of studies which assessed planning skills in the elderly Indian population. The present study aimed to examine the utility of the classic Tower of Hanoi in the as...
Neuropsychological evaluation with advanced neuroimaging may be a useful tool to determine the anatomical substrates that play crucial role in freezing of gait (FOG) in patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD).
To compare the cognitive profile and gray matter (GM) changes (using Voxel Based Morphometry - VBM) between patients with PD with and without...
Functional outcome is an important index of recovery in patients with Schizophrenia (SZ). Several factors impact social functioning, including neurocognition. The Integrated Psychological Therapy (IPT) has been effective in improving social-functioning in SZ patients, but needs to be evaluated for its feasibility and impact in the Indian subcontine...
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a transitional stage between normal aging and dementia. Persons with MCI are at higher risk to develop dementia. Identifying MCI from normal aging has become a priority area of research. Neuropsychological assessment could help to identify these high risk individuals.
To examine clinical utility and diagnostic acc...
Story recall based paradigm is widely used to assess verbal memory functions in older adults. This study examined usefulness of Story Recall Test for Indian older adults and relative contribution of age, education and gender to performance on story recall. Each participant received culturally appropriate measures of global cognitive function, activ...
Aims:
Though impaired cognition in Parkinson's disease (PD) is well known, data in early PD is sparse. This study was designed to assess the cognitive profile in patients with early PD (motor symptoms <5 years and Hoehn and Yahr stage <2), and to compare the cognitive profile between these patients with right versus left side onset of motor sympto...
Background and purpose:
Impairment of cognitive functions occurs in essential tremor, though the mechanism is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to find microstructural correlates of cognitive dysfunction seen in essential tremor by using DTI and neuropsychological assessment.
Materials and methods:
Fifty-five patients with essential tre...
Knowledge of how specific neurocognition (NC) abilities predict social cognition (SC) in schizophrenia has potential to guide novel integrated cognitive-remediation therapies. The scope of studies conducted in this field is limited as they haven't examined a comprehensive set of SC domains and they employ small sample sizes of heterogeneous patient...