Kennedy Chibuzor Onyelowe

University of Peloponnese | UOP · Department of Civil Engineering

Abstract: This study focused on the stabilizing potential of kaolin using bone ash as an admixture on the stabilization of Olokoro lateritic soil. Kaoline which is a deposite by the river bank was sourced from Agbaghara in Imo State, Nigeria and the bones from an abattoir in afo-ogbe, Mbaise also in Imo State. The Kaoline was grinded into powder an...

Studying the rheological behavior of concrete, especially self-compacting concrete is vital in the design and structural integrity of concrete structures for design, construction, and structural material sustainability. Both analytical and numerical techniques have been applied in the previous research works to study precisely the behavior of the y...

The utilization of expansive soils for the construction of landfill liners and subgrade facilities without stabilization leads to volume changes due to seasonal change between wet and dry. This necessitated the industrial- and agro-industrial-based waste materials reconstitution of expansive soils to fulfil sustainability requirements for the built...

Concrete, a widely used building material, should minimize its environmental impact to align with the construction sector's Sustainable Development Goals. Researchers worldwide are investigating the possibility of e-waste in building materials incorporating various recyclable elements. This paper conducts a thorough review of research on e-waste as...

In order to foster the sustainability of green construction materials utilized in transport infrastructure and generally in soil stabilization for the same purpose, there have been continued efforts towards innovative results for consistent improvement of the mechanical properties of soils. Metakaolin (MK) has been in use as a supplementary materia...

Metakaolin (MK) is one of the most sustainable cementitious construction materials, which is derived through a direct heating procedure known as calcination. Calcination process takes place substantially lower temperatures than that required for Portland cement, making it a more environmentally sustainable alternative to traditional cement. This pr...

The flow of Bingham non-Newtonian incompressible fluids like concrete is associated with the large deformation of materials. The modeling and simulation of these fluids' flow behavior by using conventional numerical methods like the Finite Element Method (FEM), the Boundary Element Method (BEM), the Discrete Element Method (DEM), the Finite Differe...

Fly ash-based geopolymer concrete is studied in this research work for its compressive strength, life cycle and environmental impact assessment contribution to the construction environment. This is in line with the United Nations' sustainable development goals SDG9 and SDG11. However, the focus of this research paper is on the sustainability of geo...

The effect of Pond Ash (PA) activated with sodium chloride (NaCl) solution and reinforced with glass powder on the mechanical properties of soft clay soil, which comprise of the California bearing ratio (CBR) and the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) has been studied in this research work. The PA requires pozzolanic improvements to meet the AST...

In this paper, selected materials that influence the viscosity of the self-consolidating concrete (SCC) are introduced like the Limestone Powder (LSP), the High Range Water Reducing Admixture (HRWRA), which reduce the interparticle force between concrete constituents like the aggregates, and other superplasticizers. Moreover, in serious attempts to...

Fly ash-based geopolymer concrete is studied in this research work for its compressive strength, life cycle and environmental impact assessment contribution to the construction environment. This is in line with the United Nations’ sustainable development goals SDG9 and SDG11. However, the focus of this research paper is on the sustainability of geo...

The flow of Bingham non-Newtonian incompressible fluids like concrete is associated with the large deformation of materials. The modeling and simulation of these fluids’ flow behavior by using conventional numerical methods. suffer problem-formulation setbacks due to mesh distortion. In order to compensate for the mathematical inefficiencies encoun...

The present investigation examines the mechanical and durability properties of net-zero concrete that have been reinforced with the waste printed circuit board (WPCB) towards a low�carbon built environment. It assessed the fresh and hardened characteristics of the low-carbon concrete that was reinforced with WPCB fibres after a curing period of 7...

Abstract This research paper focuses on conducting a steady state seepage analysis along with the downstream slope factor of safety using Modified Bishops method in a poorly compacted earthen embankment and optimizing the same reservoir earthen embankment in a case study located near Sadiyavav village of Junagadh district in Gujarat, India. The stu...

In this study, the replacement of raw rice husk, fly ash, and hydrated lime for fine aggregate and cement was evaluated in making raw rice husk‑concrete brick. This study optimizes compressive strength, water absorption, and dry density of concrete brick containing recycled aggregates via Response Surface Methodology. The optimized model’s accuracy...

The present infrastructure regime being promoted by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UNSDGs) is such that by the year 2050, the use of cement in the production of concrete and its use in the general construction activities as to reduce carbon emissions to zero must be replaced with net-zero construction materials. These cement repl...

Coupled fluid-solid phase continuum problems associated with large deformation as geotechnics experts encounter in slope stability problems have been extensively reviewed. This has been done with a view to exploring the most efficient numerical approach to solving them for the sake of our environment. Decades ago, analytical solutions known as the...

In the construction sector, cement plays a vital role in all the members and components in which it acts as a binder and strength-dependent material. The production of cement material emits a large quantity of CO2 gas, which has been the main cause of global warming and other environmental and health issues. To overcome this issue, low carbon or...

The development of high-performance concrete (HPC) has shown a revolution in the built environment in terms sustainability and performance. In this research paper, the compressive strength of HPC mixed with fly ash (FA) and slag was predicted with machine learning (ML) techniques, which are the genetic programming (GP), artificial neural network (A...

The bonding strength of waste recycled cement mortar in a low carbon brick masonry prism is influenced by this study. The disposal of marine and industrial trash has emerged as a serious environmental and ecological concern across the world against the climate action of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UNSDGs) and COP27. The use...

Towards carbon neutrality concrete technology (TCNCT) is the main topic in the net-zero construction industry and designing a net-zero concrete optimized to meet the required near-zero carbon footprint specifications is one of the major goals of ecofriendly concrete technology. Several concrete mix design methods were developed based on optimizing...

In this research paper, the gradually reducing gradient optimized response surface methodology (GRG-RSM) has been deployed on a global collection of concrete mixes of 1133 entries to propose a smart concrete mix design chart for concrete design and construction. The structural built environment is in need of technologies that save cost and time and...

The construction of flexible pavement foundations (subgrade and subbase) and landfill liners has been the cause of serious research in recent decades. In this research work, machine learning predictions have been proposed for the evaluation of the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of geopolymer cement (GPC) reconstituted granular sand with 149...

Sustainable building construction requirements demand an efficient utilization of industrial waste as alternatives to construction materials. In this work, the Nano-silica (NS) has been used as a precursor to the compressive strength of mortar and multiple mixes of 107 were produced to study the effect of the Nano-silica precursor (NSP). Advanced M...

Many communities in northern Nigeria are in serious need of supplementary water supply systems to augment the scanty rainfall in the region with a population of majorly farmers who face a lot of hardship due to acute shortage of water in most part of the year. The aim of this study is to provide a well-designed and reliable dam for irrigation water...

Cement manufacturing and utilization is one of the majorly responsible for global CO2 emissions. In light of sustainability and climate change concerns, it is essential to find alternative solutions to reduce the carbon footprint of cement. Secondary cementitious materials (SCM) are helpful in reducing carbon emissions from concrete. One such solut...

The hydro-mechanical behaviour of a material is an imminent criterion for assessing the performance of a liner and sub-base material. Several materials have been explored in the past including waste-derived products such as gypsum-treated fly ash, bentonite sand mixtures, and biopolymer-modified cohesive soils. The non-availability of cohesive soil...

In recent years, chemical and industrial by-products have been utilized to enhance expansive clays' strength and stiffness behavior. Moreover, due to the carbon footprint concern and economic aspects, binary and ternary mixes of additives were emerging to meet the engineers' requirements. This study used three different additives, glass powder, NaC...

Soil swelling is one of the major causes of structural failure, due to excessive moisture saturation and desaturation moisture. In situ measurement of swelling stress is somewhat impossible and requires tedious routine site observation. The use of artificial intelligence to predict the swelling stress of in situ soil is highly recommended, because...

The use of agro-marine waste particulates in composites has gained attention as a result of the desire for sustainable and cost-effective materials. In this review, the biomechanical and crystallography properties of AA 6061 alloy reinforcement of various agro-marine waste particulates were investigated, including sugarcane bagasse, fly ash, coconu...

The objective of this research is to predict how strip footings behave when rested on an undrained clay layer enhanced using a top replacement layer with and without a geo-grid. The study was conducted in several stages, including collecting load-settlement curves from "Finite Element Method" (FEM) models with different clay strengths, replacement...

Climate action around the world has shifted to the potential of global warming contribution from the design and construction of infrastructures, especially those in demand for concrete. Concrete production and use have been identified as contributing to over 5% of the world’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The main aim of this research work is to...

Thermal characteristics of concrete is one of the main topics in concrete technology researches. They were extensively studied since the 80's to predict the behavior of the concrete in fire and the performance of massive concrete. However, this topic was raised again after 2010 as a part of sustainable, energy effective and ecofriendly buildings...

A state-of-the-art review has been conducted in this work on soil constitutive modeling, which has emphasized on: soil type, groundwater conditions, loading conditions, structural behavior, constitutive relation discipline, and dimensions. By extension also, the soil constitutive applications were reviewed on the bases of: single discipline dealing...

Konkan area is the western coast line of India with 70.7% of its area is covered by laterite soil. Many engineering issues like foundation issues, subgrade issues, erosion and slope problems are being confronted because of these laterite soils. Utilization of xanthan gum in stabilizing laterite soils has been the subject of extensive research. Sets...

Slope failure poses a serious threat to the built environment as it is currently one of the fundamental contributors to climate change fears across the world and this threatens the environmental goals of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UNSDGs) for year 2050. In this research paper, an optimized geo-stabilization numerical model ha...

It has become very important in the field of concrete technology to develop intelligent models to reduce overdependence on laboratory studies prior to concrete infrastructure designs. In order to achieve this, a database representing a global behavior of concrete mixes and performance is collected and prepared for use. In this research work, an ext...

The outbreak of the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic and the farmers-herders crisis have resulted in an acute shortage in the production and supply of agri-food in Nigeria. This study assesses agricultural and forest land in Kwara State, Nigeria, to improve sustainable post-COVID-19 crop production using open remote sensing data and Google E...

This research has studded the capacities of the computational methods for sensitivity analysis and prediction improved unsaturated soil plasticity index of stabilized soil. From the above study, finally drawn conclusions were presented: The predicted results are fairly good and recommend the application of SVM RBK, SVM poly, M5P, and RFR for analyz...

Present available proposed theories are the site-specific and don’t fit the data in the field. To overcome the above condition, an ANN model equation was developed in the present study. From this study, the acceptable prediction of the reinforced stone columns’ bearing capacity sited in soft clays was achieved with the help of the 5-4-1 architectur...

This article is aimed at developing the model equation for the undrained shear strength of the fine-grained soil using ANNs with back-propagation algorithm. To achieve the model equations, the independent variables used were cone point resistance (Cp), cone side resistance (Cs), pore water pressure (u), and plasticity index (PI). The proposed expre...

The development of sustainable concrete in achieving the developmental goals of the United Nations in terms of sustainable infrastructure and innovative technology forms part of the focus of this research paper. In order to move towards sustainability, the utilization of the by-products of agro-industrial operations, which are fly ash (FA) and rice...

In the construction industry, concrete has shown to be among the most essential and commonly using construction materials. In the present era of global warming resulting from the over dependence on the use of conventional cements, there has been a necessity to employ green technologies especially in the production of concrete in order to meet the m...

In an age of depleting earth due to global warming impacting badly on the ozone layer of the earth system, the need to employ technologies to substitute those engineering practices which result in emissions contributing to the death of our earth has arisen. One of those technologies is one that can sufficiently replace over dependence in laboratory...

Auto-regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) assessment of traffic noise was conducted on different routes in Port Harcourt, Nigerian metropolis. This was achieved by measuring the traffic noise on the various routes of asphalt flexible and concrete rigid pavement structures with a meter for sound measurement with regards to the volume of traf...

Self-consolidating concrete (SCC) is one of the trending low-yield stress material innovations of the new age building industry due to its ability to flow through heavily reinforced structural members without segregation and without losing its moderate viscosity. In this research paper, a V-funnel simulation has been developed for the flow time to...

The self-compacting concrete (SCC), which is the major innovation of the concrete technology of the 21 st century, has been sustained due to its impact on the sustainable construction of infrastructures. Various additives have been coupled into the production of SCC to improve its passing ability, flow, shear stress, dynamic resistance and segregat...

The behavior of undrained clay was extensively studied by many earlier researchers. A lot of constitutive models were developed to describe the behavior of undrained clay based on its mechanical properties. The aim of this research is to present an innovative constitutive model for undrained clay based on its consistency limits and water content...

In this paper, a universal representative database has been collected from multiple literature materials on the effect of different fiber reinforced polymer on the confined compressive strength of the wrapped concrete columns (Fcc). The collected data shows that (Fcc) value depends on the FRP thickness (t), tensile strength (Ftf) and elastic modulu...

Frequent laboratory needs during the production of concrete for infrastructure development purpose is a factor of serious concern to sustainable development. In order to overcome this trend, intelligent forecast of the concrete properties from multiple data collected from various concrete mixes produced and cured under different conditions is adopt...

This study presents a hybrid Artificial Intelligence-Finite Element Method (AI-FEM) predictive model to estimate the modulus of a subgrade reaction of a strip footing rested on a bi-layered profile. A parametric study was carried out using 2D Plaxis FEM models for strip footings with width (B) and rested on a bi-layered profile with top layer thick...

A series of plate load tests were performed on a model T-shaped skirted footing by varying the normalized skirt depth and relative density of sand from 0.25 to 1.5 and 30 % to 60 %, respectively. The findings revealed that, regardless of the roughness condition, the observed peak in the pressure settlement ratio corresponding to relative densities...

Infrastructure projects are usually complicated, expensive, long-term mega projects; accordingly , they are the type of projects that most need optimization in the design, construction and operation stages. A great deal of earlier research was carried out to optimize the performance of infrastructure projects using traditional management techniques...

In this research study, extensive literature searches on the compressive strength of concrete produced from the addition of fly ash (FA) and silica fume (SF) as extra constituents to the conventional concrete mixes, which gave rise to 330 mix points of concrete database. Due to the worrisome environmental impact of concrete production and usage in...

The effect of varying additions of metakaolin (MK) on the mechanical properties of lateritic soil to be utilized in the construction of pavement foundations has been studied. The preliminary test results show that the soil is highly plastic and lacks the sufficient mechanical ability to be used as a compacted subgrade/subbase for flexible pavement...

In this work, the compressive strength of concrete made from recycled aggregate is studied and an intelligent prediction proposed by using the novel artificial neural network (ANN), which utilized a sigmoid function and enabled to propose closed-form equations. An extensive literature search was conducted, which gave rise to 476 data points contain...

In this paper, an extensive literature search has been employed to extract multiple data on the confined compressive strength of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) concrete columns with noncircular cross-sections. The values collected are related to width (b), length (h), radius of corner (r), thickness of fiber (t), unconfined concrete strengt...

Steel plates are used in the construction of various structures in civil engineering, aerospace , and shipbuilding. One of the main failure modes of plate members is buckling. Openings are provided in plates to accommodate various additional facilities and make the structure more serviceable. The present study examined the critical buckling load of...

In this study, the employment of the gene expression programming (GEP) technique in forecasting models on sustainable construction materials including mineral admixtures and civil engineering quantities (e.g., compressive strength), was investigated. Compared to the artificial neural networks (ANN) based formulations, which are often too complicate...

In this research work, a constitutive mathematical review has been carried out to study the application of smoothed-particle hydrodynamics (SPH) in the modeling of geophysical flows like landslide, debris flows and stability failure problems across the world with particular focus on the landslide-associated geohazards happening in the southern regi...

Road pavement failure is a common phenomenon in the developing countries especially in Nigeria, where its construction is not done by strictly following international standard and design consideration in terms of materials selection. It has been observed that flexible pavements, which are the commonest pavements in Nigeria, fail few weeks and in so...

In this research work, the evolutionary polynomial regression (EPR), artificial neural network (ANN), and genetic programming have been used to predict the maximum lateral displacement at pile head and maximum bending moment in flexible free head pile of a laterally loaded pile in layered soil. There have been computational solutions proposed throu...

The coupling effects of nano-geopolymer binder and preloading pressures to restrict cracks and improve the resilient modulus of an expansive subgrade were investigated in this study. A moderate alkali solution of potassium hydroxide (KOH) with a concentration of 10 M and nano-sized fly ash (α-FA) was used to develop a nano-geopolymer binder (NGB) b...

The soil water retention curve (SWRC) or soil–water characteristic curve (SWCC) is a fundamental feature of unsaturated soil that simply shows the relationship between soil suction and water content (in terms of the degree of saturation and volumetric or gravimetric water content). In this study, the applications of the SWRC or SWCC have been exten...

The efficiency and robustness of the generalized reduced gradient (GRG) and the backpropagation (BP) techniques of the evolutionary artificial neural network (ANN) in predicting swelling stress of soil collected from 15 locations across 5 sites in South Africa have been studied in this work. The potential for swelling was established through prelim...

As the most commonly used construction material, concrete produces extreme amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) yearly. For this resulting environmental impact on our planet, supplementary materials are being studied daily for their potentials to replace concrete constituents responsible for the environmental damage caused by the use of concrete. Theref...

This study investigated the synergy effects of precompression pressures on expansive subgrade treated with a nano-geopolymer binder (NGB). A moderate aqueous potassium hydroxide (KOH) of 10 M concentration was synthesized with nanoscale fly ash (α-FA) to develop the NGB. The specimens used for this study were subjected to precompression pressures e...