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Introduction
Current institution
Education
September 2002 - August 2006
Publications
Publications (37)
La temperatura superficial del mar (TSM) de los océanos Pacífico y Atlántico tropicales oscila en las bandas de periodos cortos, como ciclos que se repiten cada 2-3 años (bienales) y variaciones que ocurren en intervalos de 3 a 7 años (interanuales). Los cambios de la TSM en los océanos Pacífico y Atlántico provocan cambios en los patrones de tempe...
Part of the current work in the oceanography field at Instituto Geofísico del Perú is shown in this poster.
The northwestern Peruvian Amazon (NWPA) basin (78.4–75.8° W, 7.9–5.4° S) is an important region for coffee and rice production in Peru. Currently, no prediction models are available for estimating rainfall in advance during the wet season (January–February–March, JFM). Hence, we developed multiple linear regression (MLR) models using predictors der...
Se investiga la variabilidad decenal de la precipitación de los Andes centrales (10-30° S, AC) durante el verano entre 1921 y 2010 mediante la aplicación de un filtro pasabanda para retener dicha variabilidad en las series mensuales de diversos índices climáticos predictores del Pacífico central y oriental de El Niño-Oscilación del Sur (C y E), los...
The climatological and large-scale characteristics of the extreme cold events (ECEs)
in the central Peruvian Andes (Mantaro basin (MB)) during austral summer
(January–March) are examined using reanalysis, gridded and in situ surface minimum
temperature (Tmin) data for the 1979–2010 period. To describe the influence
of the Madden–Julian Oscillation...
El fenómeno El Niño es el modo dominante de la variabilidad interanual en el Océano Pací+co, resultando de un proceso de interacción entre
el océano y la atmósfera en el Pací+co Tropical. Las últimas investigaciones demuestran que existen varias facetas de este fenómeno que varían
según las modalidades de interacción entre el océano y la atmosfera...
The dynamics of the Peru-Chile Upwelling System (PCUS) are primarily driven by alongshore wind stress and curl, like in other eastern boundary upwelling systems. Previous studies have suggested that upwelling-favorable winds would increase under climate change, due to an enhancement of the thermally-driven cross-shore pressure gradient. Using an at...
El fenómeno El Niño es el modo dominante de la variabilidad interanual en el Océano Pacífico, resultando de un proceso de interacción entre el océano y la atmósfera en el Pacífico Tropical. Las últimas investigaciones demuestran que existen varias facetas de este fenómeno que varían según las modalidades de interacción entre el océano y la atmosfer...
The recent decades have experienced changes in the characteristics of the El Niño phenomenon, with in particular an increased occurrence of so-called Modoki or Central Pacific El Niños. Here the 2002/2003 El Niño, characterized as a Central Pacific El Niño, is studied from an Ocean General Circulation Model simulation. The focus is on the sequence...
The diurnal cycle in the oceanic surface winds in the tropical eastern Pacific is shown, through numerical experiments with a regional atmospheric model, to be associated with the migrating diurnal atmospheric thermal tide, forced by absorption of solar near-IR radiation by tropospheric water vapor, and a topographically-modified extended sea-breez...
The first principal component (PC1) of seasonal rainfall anomalies in central Chile during winter (June–August) is used to
analyze the circulation anomalies related to wet and dry conditions, when near-normal or neutral SST anomalies are observed
in the equatorial Pacific, i.e., during non-ENSO conditions. Eight wet and eight dry winter seasons wer...
We propose that the first two empirical orthogonal function (EOF) modes of tropical Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies do not describe different phenomena (i.e., El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and "El Nino Modoki") but rather the nonlinear evolution of ENSO. We introduce two new uncorrelated indices (E and C), based on the leading...
The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Microwave Imager sea surface temperature (SST) and QuikSCAT wind stress satellite data are used to investigate the intraseasonal upwelling variability along the coat of Peru over the period 2000-2008. Two regions of peak variance correspond to the central Peru region (Pisco region, 15°S) and the northern Peru...
The fast and slow components of global warming in a comprehensive climate model are isolated by examining the response to an instantaneous return to preindustrial forcing. The response is characterized by an initial fast exponential decay with an e-folding time smaller than 5 yr, leaving behind a remnant that evolves more slowly. The slow component...
The key aspect of the ocean circulation off Peru–Chile is the wind-driven upwelling of deep, cold, nutrient-rich waters that
promote a rich marine ecosystem. It has been suggested that global warming may be associated with an intensification of upwelling-favorable
winds. However, the lack of high-resolution long-term observations has been a limitat...
The radiative constraints on the partitioning of the surface energy budget and, hence, on the strength of the hydrological cycle are analyzed in an idealized one-dimensional radiative–convective equilibrium model formulated in terms of the energy budgets at the top of the atmosphere, the subcloud layer, and the free atmosphere, which enables it to...
The spread among the predictions by climate models for the strengthening of the global hydrological cycle [i.e., the global mean surface latent heat flux (LH), or, equivalently, precipitation] at a given level of CO2-induced global warming is of the same magnitude as the intermodel mean. By comparing several climate models from the World Climate Re...
This article proposes a modification to the standard forcing-feedback diagnostic energy balance model to account for 1) differences between effective and equilibrium climate sensitivities and 2) the variation of effective sensitivity over time in climate change experiments with coupled atmosphere-ocean climate models. In the spirit of Hansen et al....
A local integrated assessment of the vulnerability and adaptation to climate change in the Mantaro River Basin, located in Peruvian Central Andes, was developed between years 2003 to 2005. In this paper we present some lessons learned during the development of this study, emphasizing the multi-institutional and interdisciplinary efforts, briefly sh...
Monthly precipitation data from the period of 1970 to 2004 from 38 meteorological stations in the Mantaro river basin were used to classify the rainy seasons (September–April) of each year into anomalously dry or wet, and to determine the basin-wide extent of the anomalies based on the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). The wet periods mostly...
The nature of the South Pacific convergence zone (SPCZ) is addressed by focusing on the dry (and cool) zone bounded by it and the coast of South America through numerical experiments. As shown in a companion paper, this dry zone is due, to a large extent, to orographically forced subsidence. Here it is shown that the northwestward expansion of this...
The question of why the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) is generally north of the equator in the tropical Pacific is addressed. Experiments with an atmospheric general circulation model coupled to idealized representations of the ocean show that the presence of the Andes is enough to lower sea surface temperature (SST) off the west coast of S...
The present work is part of the "Integrated Local Assessment of the Mantaro River Basin" (ILA Mantaro), whose main objective was: to systematize and to extend the knowledge about cli- mate change in the Mantaro river basin, and to evaluate the climatic, physical and social as- pects of its vulnerability, as well as to identify viable adaptation opt...
The relative importance of the processes responsible for the annual cycle in the upper-ocean heat content in the Peru Current, in the southeastern tropical Pacific, was diagnosed from an oceanic analysis dataset. It was found that the annual cycle of heat content is forced mainly by insolation. However, the ocean dynamical processes play an importa...
The present work is part of the "Integrated Local Assessment of the Mantaro River Basin" (ILA Mantaro), whose main objective was: to systematize and to extend the knowledge about climate change in the Mantaro river basin, and to evaluate the climatic, physical and social aspects of its vulnerability, as well as to identify viable adaptation options...
The lowland of Piura, in northwestern Peru, is very strongly impacted by El Niño. Its climate is arid but can experience very heavy rainfall associated with the high nearby sea surface temperature (SST) during El Niño events. Rainfall, however, tends to occur in discrete, intense events and an understanding of the physical conditions favoring a par...
By dropping spherical party balloons onto a sonic motion sensor we show that the force associated with the air resistance is proportional to both the square of the velocity and to the cross-sectional area of the balloon. These results are in agreement with those expected for the value of the Reynolds number used, R~104.
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2006. In this dissertation, mechanisms responsible for the climatological large-scale distribution of precipitation in the tropical Pacific are addressed, in particular the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and the South Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ). This study is performed using numerical experimen...
