Keith Gaynor

Keith Gaynor
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Keith verified their affiliation via an institutional email.
University College Dublin | UCD · School of Psychology

DClinPsych

About

65
Publications
19,481
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451
Citations
Introduction
I am an Associate Professor in Clinical Psychology in the School of Psychology and a member of the Clinical Psychology Training Programme. I am also a Senior Clinical Psychologist in DETECT, Early Intervention in Psychosis Services. I have research interests focuses on mental health in particular psychosis, suicidality in under-18s, and well-being in aviation
Skills and Expertise

Publications

Publications (65)
Article
Introduction: The relationship between interpersonal trauma and psychosis is well established, and research is now focused on identifying mechanisms that may explain this relationship. Models of trauma and psychosis increasingly emphasize a broad range of affective processes, yet the overall effect of these affective processes is not well understoo...
Article
Full-text available
Background Trauma plays an important role in the development and maintenance of psychosis. However, it is still under‐examined in daily clinical practice. The current study investigated the rates of recording of trauma‐exposure in the clinical histories of a first‐episode psychosis (FEP) cohort attending an early intervention psychosis service. Me...
Article
Aims Research on family functioning in psychosis has typically focused on specific family‐related factors and their impact on symptomatology, finding strong associations between high expressed emotion and poor outcomes, especially in those with long‐term illness. The objective of this review is to examine the impact of a broad range of family‐relat...
Preprint
Full-text available
Objective: This study aimed to provide a systematic review of Tai Chi/Qigong interventions in psychosis and their impact on positive, negative symptoms, cognitive deficits and quality of life. Introduction: There is growing evidence that the mind–body practice of Tai Chi has value in treating and preventing many mental health-related problems, such...
Article
Full-text available
Objectives The trauma and social pathways model of psychosis proposes interactions between trauma, attachment, social rank and dissociation in pathways to psychosis, though this model has yet to be empirically investigated. The primary aim of this study was to examine the overall predictive value of the trauma and social pathways model using regres...
Article
Full-text available
Introduction Cognitive changes are very frequently reported by people with post‐COVID‐19 syndrome (PCS), but there is limited understanding of the underpinning mechanisms leading to these difficulties. It is possible that cognitive difficulties are related to immune status and/or low mood. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationshi...
Article
Full-text available
Introduction In 2018, Ireland conducted a referendum, ultimately supporting the legalisation of abortion. The views of religious minority groups can go unheard ‘by an insensitive majority’ in national cultural debates. This study explores female Muslim Irish university students’ perspectives on abortion and the impact of the 2018 Irish abortion deb...
Article
Full-text available
Autistic girls and women experience more mental health difficulties and poorer well-being than their non-autistic peers. Little emphasis has been placed on the perspectives of the girls and women within the literature. This review aims to provide an overview of the factors that impact autistic females’ emotional and social well-being and mental hea...
Article
Full-text available
Objective: Discovering that an adolescent is self-harming is extremely distressing for parents and this distress can be compounded by lack of easily accessible and well targeted information on what they can do to help. Some research has even suggested that parental distress can be an obstacle to seeking professional help. This paper describes two s...
Preprint
Many people with enduring mental health difficulties (EMHD) have reduced social connections and subsequent experiences of isolation and loneliness. This paper outlines the development and trial of a manualised social-identity-based group therapy intervention to increase social connection and develop social skills to build connections outside of hea...
Article
Full-text available
This paper explored cognitive responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in those selfreporting depressive symptoms during a period of realistic health, economic and social threat. Negative cognitions are a key therapy target for evidence-based psychological interventions. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a convenience sample from the general po...
Article
Full-text available
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in adverse psychological outcomes for many people in the general public globally. Aim: This paper discusses the development and initial feasibility testing of a novel manualised online group cognitive behavioural therapy intervention targeting the maintenance factors of COVID-19-related anxiety and depress...
Article
Full-text available
Purpose Perceived injustice is a novel psychosocial construct that reflects negative cognitive appraisals of unfairness, externalized blame and the irreparability and severity of one’s loss. Previous research has highlighted the negative impact of perceived injustice on recovery and mental health outcomes, particularly in pain-related samples. This...
Article
Introduction: Suicidality among young people is a significant societal issue. The current study conducted a meta-analysis of community and clinical interventions targeting suicide attempts, self-harm, and suicidal ideation in adolescents. Methods: Interventions targeting suicide attempts, self-harm and suicidal ideation were identified by search...
Article
The mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has been significant, with many regions across the globe reporting significant increases in anxiety, depression, trauma, and insomnia. This study aims to validate a potential cognitive model of maintenance factors of COVID-19 related distress by examining psychological predictors of distress, and th...
Poster
This poster describes the findings of study exploring parents' information needs in relation to adolescent self-harm and suicide.
Poster
Full-text available
This poster presents the results of a study that documented the information needs of parents of adolescents who self-harm. A variety of methods were used including a rapid literature review, a survey of parents with lived experience of adolescent self-harm and a Delphi study with mental health professionals working with adolescents.
Technical Report
Full-text available
This research explored the information needs of parents of adolescents who self-harm. There were three component studies: a scoping review, a parent survey and a Delphi study with professionals.
Conference Paper
Full-text available
This study reports on the findings of an anonymous online survey (n=1,010) undertaken between October and December 2021 addressing the impact of the COVID 19 pandemic on the health and wellbeing of aviation workers, including those employed by Irish registered airlines. The survey incorporated several standardised instruments measuring levels of co...
Article
Due to increasing evidence of efficacy in treating mental health disorders, psilocybin may become a legal medicinal drug. This study tested the validity of Carhart-Harris and Nutt’s (2017) model of extra-pharmacological (EP) factors. It examined whether such factors should be considered in any psychological suitability test for medicinally prescrib...
Article
Full-text available
The workplace is an important setting for health protection, health promotion and disease prevention. Currently, health and wellbeing approaches at an aviation organisational level are not addressing both human and safety needs. This issue has been intensified since the COVID 19 pandemic. This paper reports on the findings of a survey pertaining to...
Article
Full-text available
Purpose Perceived injustice is a novel psychosocial construct which reflects negative cognitive appraisals of blame, unfairness, and the severity and irreparability of one’s loss. Experiences of injustice are increasingly recognised as a key determinant of recovery outcomes in healthcare. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of perceived...
Preprint
This manual has been created to assist mental health professionals in delivering and facilitating the two hour evidence-based online CBT program “Coping during COVID-19”. It overviews the eight module course, designed to support those who are struggling with symptoms of anxiety and depression due theCOVID-19 crisis.
Preprint
The mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has been significant, with many regions across the globe reporting significant increases in anxiety, depression, trauma, and insomnia This study aims to validate a potential cognitive model of maintenance factors of COVID-19 related distress by examining psychological predictors of distress, and the...
Preprint
Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in an increase in adverse psychological outcomes world-wide. This paper discusses the development of a manualised online group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy intervention in a secondary care setting targeting the maintenance factors of COVID-19 related distress. Method: This paper details (i) the developm...
Preprint
2020 saw the world affected by an unprecedented pandemic. Alongside the healthrisks, the COVID-19 pandemic has created mental health difficulties for a largenumber of people. Many people are feeling anxious or depressed, in ways that they might never have before.This eight module Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Workbook is designed to support those w...
Preprint
Background: In 2018, Ireland conducted a referendum, ultimately supporting the legalisation of abortion. Views of religious minority groups can go unheard “by an insensitive majority” in national cultural debates. This study explores female Muslim university students’ perspectives on abortion and the impact of the national debate on their sense of...
Preprint
The COVID-19 pandemic has created a profound mental health challenge worldwide. The goal of this paper is to explore cognitive responses to the pandemic in order to better understand underlying beliefs for those reporting and not reporting symptoms of depression within the context of a period of realistic health, economic and social threat. This pa...
Preprint
Background: Due to increasing evidence of efficacy in treating mental health disorders, psilocybin may become a legal medicinal drug. This study tested the validity of Carhart-Harris & Nutt (2017) model of extra-pharmacological (EP) factors and examined whether such factors should be taken into account in any psychological suitability test for medi...
Book
Full-text available
This is an easy to use self-help CBT-based workbook to manage anxiety or depression brought on by living through a pandemic. Based on clinical experience over the last year, it is for any adult struggling with the pandemic. Free to download and distribute. The resource is also available at www.stjohnofgodhospital.ie/resources
Article
Full-text available
Increasing evidence suggests that commercial airline pilots can experience physical, mental, and social health difficulties. Qualitative interviews with commercial airline pilots explored the relationship between work-related stress and well-being. Participatory workshops involving pilots were conducted. The methodology of this action-based researc...
Article
Perceived injustice is increasingly recognised as a risk factor for problematic recovery, with a growing body of evidence documenting its association with heightened pain, disability, medication use, anger and post-traumatic stress. The aim of this paper was to systematically review and critically appraise the association between perceived injustic...
Article
Full-text available
Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between sources of work-related stress (WRS) for pilots, effects on wellbeing, and coping mechanisms. Background: Recent studies have measured depression levels in pilots but not the relationship between depression levels and coping strategies. Methods: An anonymous web-based...
Article
Full-text available
Background: Emotional dysregulation is commonly discussed as a transdiagnostic factor in clinical populations. The present study aims to investigate cognitive factors (rumination and negative appraisals of emotion) in the maintenance of emotional dysregulation in a normative sample in order to partially validate a cognitive model of emotional dysre...
Article
Full-text available
Research indicates that sources of work-related stress (WRS) impact on the physical, social, and psychological health of pilots. Furthermore, specific features of the job can increase a pilot’s risk in relation to developing a mental health (MH) issue. It is impossible to remove all stress from the work life of pilots. A high stress situation may n...
Article
Full-text available
Work is part of our wellbeing and a key driver of a person’s health. Pilots need to be fit for duty and aware of risks that compromise their health/wellbeing. Recent studies suggest that work-related stress (WRS) impacts on pilot health and wellbeing, performance, and flight safety. This paper reports on the advancement of new tools for pilots and...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
This paper presents a preliminary account of the relationship between pilot wellbeing, pilot performance and flight safety. Drawing on prior research relating to the biopsychological model of pilot lived experience, three workshops involving the participation of thirty-three commercial pilots were undertaken. Pilot wellness is a significant perform...
Article
Full-text available
Recent research has found that emotional dysregulation is a transdiagnostic feature across a range of common mental health difficulties and within the general population. However, existing treatment for emotional dysregulation is typically long-term, intensive or focused on personality constructs. The aims of this paper are to (1) present a transdi...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
This paper presents the preliminary findings of an anonymous web-based survey addresing pilot work related stress (WRS) and wellbeing. The initial analysis indicates that pilots are under stress and experiencing wellbeing problems. Specific features of the job can result in wellbeing problems, spanning the three pillars of wellbeing. Critically, so...
Article
Full-text available
Many people with psychosis do not engage in psychological treatments when offered. We examined variables that predicted uptake of group cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) in first-episode psychosis. We assessed all consenting consecutive referrals over a 2-year period. T-tests and logistic regressions examined factors which predicted uptake. The s...
Article
Full-text available
Objective: Cognitive models of psychosis suggest that anomalous experiences alone do not always lead to clinical psychosis, with appraisals and responses to experiences being central to understanding the transition to "need for care". Methods: The appraisals and response styles of Clinical (C; n = 28) and Nonclinical (NC; n = 34) individuals wit...
Article
Full-text available
Background: Self-referring is an important pathway to care that is being used increasingly by services, but little research has been conducted in this area. Aims: To examine whether self-referrers would (i) be representative of the local community; (ii) be significantly psychologically distressed; (iii) be demographically similar to GP consulter...
Article
Aim: This study investigated the interaction between appraisals and safety behaviours in the maintenance of psychotic symptoms. Method: The study recruited a population who had persistent psychotic experiences but who had no 'need-for-care' (Persistence group; n = 39) as well as a population who had a diagnosed psychotic disorder and were receiv...
Article
Introduction Van Os et al. (2009) have proposed a Proneness-Persistence-lmpairment model to explain the psychosis continuum, and cognitive models of psychosis have suggested that appraisals of anomalous experiences may be key in determining ‘need for care’. Objectives The present study investigated the interaction between appraisals and safety beh...
Article
To examine the relationship between cognitive deterioration and the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) in a first-episode psychosis sample. We assessed a consecutive sample of first-episode psychosis participants (N = 50) with measures of cognitive deterioration and DUP. Using correlations and stepwise linear regressions, we found strong relatio...
Article
Although there is some evidence that duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) is geographically stable, few have examined whether the phenomenon is temporally stable. We examined DUP in two cohorts within two discrete time periods (1995-1999 and 2003-2005) spanning a decade in the same geographically defined community psychiatric service with no early...
Article
Objectives: To examine the relationship between cognitive deficits, the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) and positive and negative symptoms in a first episode psychosis sample. Method: We assessed a consecutive sample of first episode psychosis participants from a catchment area service with a comprehensive neuropsychology battery, a family...
Article
Objectives: To examine the relationship between cognitive deficits, the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) and positive and negative symptoms in a first episode psychosis sample. Method: We assessed a consecutive sample of first episode psychosis participants from a catchment area service with a comprehensive neuropsychology battery, a family a...

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