
Kazuyuki KanosueWaseda University | Sōdai · Faculty of Sport Sciences
Kazuyuki Kanosue
Ph. D.
About
233
Publications
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Introduction
I had worked in the field of "temperature regulation" for more than twenty years. I changed my research field to "motor control", when I moved to the Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University. Now I am enjoying to analyze what makes elite athletes superior to others, especially in the ability of motor imagery, sensation, and coodinative movements.
Additional affiliations
January 2003 - December 2013
January 1995 - December 2005
Education
April 1975 - July 1979
Publications
Publications (233)
Evaluating reciprocal inhibition of the thigh muscles is important to investigate the neural circuits of locomotor behaviors. However, measurements of reciprocal inhibition of thigh muscles using spinal reflex, such as H‐reflex, have never been systematically established owing to methodological limitations. The present study aimed to clarify the ex...
The purposes of this study were to clarify the electromyography (EMG) of plantar flexors and to analyze the fascicle and tendon behaviors of the gastrocnemius medialis (GM) during running in the carbon-fiber plate embedded in thicker midsole racing shoes, such as the Nike ZoomX Vaporfly (VF) and traditional racing shoes (TRAD). We compared the fasc...
Leg attacks are the most important skill in wrestling. We defined a scenario wherein wrestlers push or pull their
opponents to execute a setup and leg attacks as a “tie-up.” In tie-ups, the wrestlers use their arms to gain control
over their opponents; however, little is known about the role of each arm in this tie-up. This study clarifies how
wres...
Interlimb coordination involving cyclical movements of hand and foot in the sagittal plane is more difficult when the limbs move in opposite directions compared with the same direction (directional constraint). Here we first investigated whether the directional constraint on hand-foot coordination exists in motor imagery (imagined motion). Particip...
Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between spatiotemporal variables and the muscle activity of the rectus femoris (RF) and biceps femoris (BF) in both legs at various running speeds.
Methods:
Eighteen well-trained male athletes (age: 20.7 ± 1.8 yrs) were asked to run for 50 m with 7 different "Subjective Effor...
The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in sprinting movement between children with high and low sprinting ability by using observational evaluation. We analyzed the maximum sprinting speed and sprinting movements of 252 children in the 1st, the 2nd and the 3rd grades of a kindergarten, based on age group and sprinting speed. T...
In volleyball, the overhead pass is important. Coaches usually teach players to push the ball, utilising the legs, especially for a long distance pass. The purpose of this study was to conduct a biomechanical analysis of an overhead pass to different distances. Twelve male elite volleyball players participated. They were told to pass a ball with an...
Transvertebral magnetic stimulation (TVMS) of the human lumbar spinal cord can evoke bilateral rhythmic leg movements, as in walking, supposedly through the activation of spinal locomotor neural circuitry. However, an appropriate stimulus intensity that can effectively drive the human spinal locomotor circuitry to evoke walking-like movements has n...
Purpose: Purpose of this study was to elucidate the differences in sprint performance between two different conditions in the 60 m dash: subjects ran alone (Alone Condition: AC) or two runners competed side-by-side (Competitive Condition: CC). Methods: Subjects were twenty-six male university sprinters. They were asked to perform two 60 m dash, the...
At the elite level in tennis, players tend to “disguise” their stroke intentions, confuse the receiver's judgment, and interfere with their anticipatory response. How frequent and effective disguised strokes are used remains unclear. We tried to answer these questions by analysing performance differences in the two consecutive sets of the match in...
This research investigated the difference in aspects of gaze control between esports experts (Expert) and players with lower skills (Low Skill) while playing the real-time strategy game called StarCraft. Three versions of this game at different difficulty levels were made with the StarCraft Editor, and the gaze movements of seven Expert and nine Lo...
Purpose:
We aimed to examine the timing of electromyography activity of the rectus femoris (RF) and biceps femoris (BF) in both legs, as well as spatiotemporal variables (running speed (RS), step frequency (SF), step length (SL)) between the maximal speed (Max) phase (50-70 m) and the deceleration (Dec) phase (80-100 m) of the 100-m dash.
Methods...
Purpose:
The objective of this study was to clarify the characteristics of the upper limb stretch reflex in wrestlers.
Methods:
Ten wrestlers and 11 control subjects participated in the study. The experiment was divided into two sessions. In the extension perturbation session, participants either relaxed or flexed the elbow when they felt a pert...
The effect of the different training regimes and histories on the spatiotemporal characteristics of human running was evaluated in four groups of subjects who had different histories of engagement in running-specific training; sprinters, distance runners, active athletes, and sedentary individuals. Subjects ran at a variety of velocities, ranging f...
Among tennis coaches and players, the standard volley and drop volley are considered basically similar, but muscles need to be relaxed (deactivation) just at the moment of impact when hitting the drop volley. However, this is not evidence-based. The aim of this study was to clarify racket head trajectory and muscle activity during the drop volley a...
When we have rehearsed a movement using an object, we can reproduce the movement without holding the object. However, the reproduced movement sometimes differs from the movement holding a real object, likely because movement recognition is inaccurate. In the present study, we tested whether the recognition capability was dissociated from the acquis...
The present study is a preliminary investigation with wrestling teams of an automatic video delay playback device, in order to obtain information prior to the introduction of the device in more open-skill events. Effects of the video delay playback device on the performance of the athletes and on the training environment, and problems with using it...
Short-term motor practice leads to plasticity in the primary motor cortex (M1). The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that determine the increase in corticospinal tract (CST) excitability after motor practice, with special focus on two factors; “the level of muscle activity” and “the presence/absence of a goal of keeping the activ...
Sports-assisting technologies have been developed; however, most are to improve performances in individual sports such as ski, batting, and swimming. Few studies focused on team sports which require not only motor ability of individual players but also perceptual abilities to grasp positions of their own and others. In the present study, we aim to...
Recent work identified an explicit and implicit transfer of sensorimotor adaptation with one limb to the other, untrained limb. Here, we pursue the idea that different individual factors contribute differently to the amount of explicit and implicit intermanual transfer. In particular, we tested a group of judo athletes who show enhanced right‐hemis...
Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between spatiotemporal variables of running and onset/offset timing of rectus femoris (RF) and biceps femoris (BF) muscle activities in both legs.
Methods:
Eighteen male well-trained athletes (age = 20.7 ± 1.8 yr) were asked to run 50 m at maximal speed. The spatiotemporal va...
Recent work identified an explicit and implicit transfer of motor learning with one limb to the other untrained limb. Here we pursue the idea that different individual factors differently contribute to the amount of explicit and implicit intermanual transfer of sensorimotor adaptation. In particular we tested a group of judo athletes who show enhan...
In bimanual cyclical continuous movements, the relative timing of the most salient movement phase in each movement is a predominant constraint. This is the case for coordination when both movements have a single most salient phase (the relative-salience hypothesis). We tested whether the relative-salience hypothesis could explain results obtained f...
Fine motor control of not only muscle contraction but also muscle relaxation is required for appropriate movements in both daily life and sports. Movement disorders such as Parkinson’s disease and dystonia are often characterized by deficits of muscle relaxation. Neuroimaging and neurophysiological studies suggest that muscle relaxation is an activ...
Surface electromyography (sEMG) is widely used to analyze human movements, including athletic performance. For baseball pitchers, a very precise movement is required to pitch the ball into the strike zone. The palm muscles appear to play a key role in this movement, and a real-time recording of sEMG from the palm muscle is useful in the analysis of...
This study was performed to devise an instructional program for children who were not good at sprinting and to verify the program’s effectiveness for improvement of sprinting ability and motion.
The participants were 19 upper grade elementary school children who were not good at sprinting. The program included 2 drills with some teaching devices an...
Rhythmic movements occur in many aspects of daily life. Examples include clapping the hands and walking. The production of two independent rhythms with multiple limbs is considered to be extremely difficult. In the present study we evaluated whether two different, independent rhythms that involved finger tapping and walking could be produced. In Ex...
In volleyball, the overhead pass is an important skill for passing a ball and making a set to attackers. In the present study, we analysed the overhead pass motion and involved muscle activity with special attention to the stretch-shortening cycle (SSC). Electromyogram was recorded from the wrist and elbow joint flexors and extensors. The movement...
Functional plasticity of the sensorimotor cortex occurs following motor practice, as well as after limb amputation. However, the joint effect of limb amputation and intensive, long-term motor practice on cortical plasticity remains unclear. Here, we recorded brain activity during unilateral contraction of the hip, knee, and ankle joint muscles from...
The present study employed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine the characteristics of negative blood oxygen level-dependent (Negative BOLD) signals during motor execution. Subjects repeated extension and flexion of one of the following: the right hand, left hand, right ankle, or left ankle. Negative BOLD responses during hand mo...
Activation regions under each condition.
(DOCX)
The number of hand and foot movements for each subject under each condition.
(DOCX)
It has been demonstrated that expertise in sport influences standing balance ability. However, little is known concerning how physical contact in sport affects balance ability. The aim of this study was to examine whether differences between contact and limited-contact sport experiences results in differences in postural control. Twenty male colleg...
Sway area and sway speed data for all participants.
(CSV)
Alpha inhibitory processes reflect motor stimuli by either increasing or decreasing amplitude (i.e., power). However, the functional role and interplay of event-related alpha oscillations remains a regulatory domain that has not been sufficiently addressed, particularly with respect to different muscle activation types and durations in consecutive...
Purpose. This study investigated the relationship between subjective effort (SE) and kinematics/kinetics throughout an entire 50 m sprint. Methods. Fifteen male sprinters performed the 50 m sprint at 3 different levels of SE (100 %SE; maximal-effort, 90 %SE and 80 %SE, sub-maximal efforts). Kinematic and kinetic data were obtained with a digital hi...
Background and Study Aim:Leg attack is the most basic skill in free-style wrestling. Before executing a leg attack, balance and anticipation of the opponent must be disrupted. We defined this action as the “set up”. The aim of this study is knowledge about the effects of “set up” on the success rate of leg attacks, and answer to question: whether o...
Context:
Deficits in knee position sense following reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) can delay an athlete's return to sport participation and increase the risk of reinjury. Deficits in position sense postreconstruction have been evaluated using either a position-reproducing or position-matching task.
Objective:
The aim of ou...
Motor imagery is the mental execution of an action without any actual movement. Although numerous studies have utilized questionnaires to evaluate the vividness of motor imagery, it remains unclear whether it is related to the accuracy of motor imagery. To examine the relationship between vividness and accuracy, we investigated brain activity durin...
Successful baseball hitting involves a combination of highly trained perceptual skills and forceful bat swing motions. The purpose of the present study was to quantify the horizontal movement of the head and eyes while baseball batters hit a fastball to clarify a visual strategy for this highly trained interceptive task. Six collegiate baseball pla...
The horizontal angular velocity of the eyes and head.
Numerical values for the mean and standard deviations of horizontal angular velocity of the eyes and head during the four time periods.
(XLSX)
The relative-salience hypothesis has been proposed as a possible explanation for the stability of bimanual coordination. This explanation proceeds from a psychological viewpoint and is based on the following tenets: (1) cyclic joint motions involving two movements are conceived of as a unified event, (2) if a “single” point in each movement is seen...
Objective:
Motor-related cortical potentials (MRCP) often compared separated muscle activations; however, MRCP preceding combined contraction onsets and relaxation offsets of one consecutive motor task sequence remain to be elucidated.
Methods:
Twelve healthy males (27.92±4.33 years, 181.83±7.15 cm, 84.58±7.15 kg) performed 40 submaximal isometr...
The object of this study was to clarify how the motor imagery of foot muscle relaxation influences corticospinal excitability for the ipsilateral hand. Twelve participants volitionally relaxed their right foot from a dorsiflexed position (actual relaxation), or imaged the same movement (imagery relaxation) in response to an auditory cue. Transcrani...
The effect of cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on motor performance remains controversial. Some studies suggest that the effect of tDCS depends upon task-difficulty and individual level of task performance. Here, we investigated whether the effect of cerebellar tDCS on the motor performance depends upon the individual's lev...
The object of this study was to clarify whether corticospinal excitability controlling hand muscles changes concurrently with increases in the imagined contraction level of foot dorsiflexion. Twelve participants performed actual and imagined dorsiflexion of their right foot at three different EMG levels (10, 40 or 80% of the maximum voluntary contr...
Background: A better understanding of the neural mechanisms that underlie the development of fear of falling (FoF) in seniors may help to detect potential treatable factors and reduce future falls. We therefore investigate the neural correlates of FoF in older adults using ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET).
Methods: This...
We recently reported that wearing unstable rocker shoes (Masai Barefoot Technology: MBT) may enhance recovery from marathon race induced fatigue. However, this earlier study only utilized a questionnaire. In the present study, we evaluated MBT utilizing objective physiological measures of recovery from marathon induced muscle damages. Twenty-five u...
Research on motor behavioural processes preceding voluntary movements often refers to analysing the readiness potential (RP). For this, decades of studies used laboratory setups with controlled sports-related actions. Further, recent applied approaches focus on athlete-non-athlete comparisons, omitting possible effects of training history on RP. Ho...
Many studies have demonstrated that training utilizing action observation and/or motor imagery improves motor performance. These two techniques are widely used in sports and in the rehabilitation of movement-related disorders. Motor imagery has also been used for brain-machine/computer interfaces (BMI/BCI). During both action observation and motor...
During coordination of the movement of two limbs, the movements often interfere with each other, i.e., interlimb coordination is constrained. Many movement-related parameters such as movement direction, movement frequency, the coupling of limbs, neural network among limbs, and muscle homology are considered constraints of interlimb coordination, an...
Motor imagery can be divided into kinesthetic and visual aspects. In the present study, we investigated excitability in the corticospinal tract and primary visual cortex (V1) during kinesthetic and visual motor imagery. To accomplish this, we measured motor evoked potentials (MEPs) and probability of phosphene occurrence during the two types of mot...
We investigated the effects of foot muscle relaxation and contraction on muscle activities in the hand on both ipsilateral and contralateral sides. The subjects sat in an armchair with hands in the pronated position. They were able to freely move their right/left hand and foot. They performed three tasks for both ipsilateral (right hand and right f...
Periodic interlimb coordination shows lower performance when the ipsilateral hand and foot (e.g., right hand and right foot) are simultaneously moved than when the contralateral hand and foot (e.g., right hand and left foot) are simultaneously moved. The present study aimed to investigate how brain activity that is related to the dependence of hand...
In this study, we analyzed the kinematic characteristics of various types of baseball pitches by elite baseball pitchers, and tested a null hypothesis that “no type of pitch has the same kinematic characteristics as another.”
A high-speed video camera was used to record the initial trajectory of the pitched ball thrown by 84 skilled baseball pitche...
Smooth social interactions require a deep understanding of others’ intentions and feelings. In the present study, to investigate brain regions that respond to inference of others’ effort level, we recorded brain activity during action observation of different effort levels using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We used a dumbbell curl...
A growing body of literature indicates that cognitively intact older adults tend to overestimate their physical functioning (e.g., step-over ability), which may lead to fall risk. However, the neural correlates underlying this phenomenon are still unclear. We therefore investigated the neural basis of older adults’ self-overestimation of stepping-o...
The object of this study was to clarify the effects of foot muscle relaxation on activity in the primary motor cortex (M1) of the hand area. Subjects were asked to volitionally relax the right foot from sustained contraction of either the dorsiflexor (tibialis anterior; TA relaxation) or plantarflexor (soleus; SOL relaxation) in response to an audi...
Objective:
Low frequency of going outdoors (e.g. being homebound) is associated with depressive mood; however, the underlying neural mechanism of this association is unclear. We therefore investigated the neural substrate involved in the relationship between frequency of going outdoors and depressive mood using positron emission tomography (PET),...
We investigated the weight transferring aspect of gait pattern during treadmill walking and muscle strength of the knee extensors and flexors following unilateral anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery. At 6 and 12 postoperative months, 11 patients (six men, five women) walked on a split-belt treadmill with two embedded force plate...
The contribution of visual information about a pitched ball to the accuracy of baseball-bat contact may vary depending on the part of trajectory seen. The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between hitting accuracy and the segment of the trajectory of the flying ball that can be seen by the batter. Ten college baseball fie...
To elucidate the neural substrate associated with capabilities for kinesthetic motor imagery of difficult whole-body movements, we measured brain activity during a trial involving both kinesthetic motor imagery and action observation as well as during a trial with action observation alone. Brain activity was assessed with functional magnetic resona...
Although the lift force (FL) on a spinning baseball has been analyzed in previous studies, no study has analyzed such forces over a wide variety of spins. The purpose of this study was to describe the relationship between FL and spin for different types of pitches thrown by collegiate pitchers. Four high-speed video cameras were used to record flig...
We investigated how corticospinal excitability of the resting digit muscles was modulated by the digit movement in the ipsilateral limb. Subjects performed cyclical extension-flexion movements of either the right toes or fingers. To determine whether corticospinal excitability of the resting digit muscles was modulated on the basis of movement dire...