Kazem Anvari

Mashhad University of Medical Sciences | MUMS · Cancer Research Center

Background & objective: The present study investigated the relationship between invasive front (IF) of tumors and clinicopathological parameters including stage, grade, nodal involvement, lymphocytic host response (LHR), recurrence, overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS). Methods: A total of 87 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)...

Background & objective: Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignancy of the brain, the prognosis of which is poor. Immunotherapy with cancer/testis (CT) antigens is a novel therapeutic approach for glioblastoma. This study aimed to investigate the expression rate of MAGE-E1, GAGE, and SOX-6 in glioblastoma tumors using the method of immunohi...

Background: Pre-operative chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) of patients with proximal gastric and esophagogastric junction (EGJ) adenocarcinoma may result in increased local control and improved patients' survival rate. This study aimed to investigate the effect of NACRT on resectability of tumor in patients with proximal gastric and EGJ adenocarcinoma....

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. Considering the fact that a high dose is delivered in a single fraction of IORT, the evaluation of the dose at sensitive organs like thyroid is necessary. Objective: The current study has aimed to evaluate the received dose to thyroid lobes in the breast IORT technique. Material and...

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy of the oral cavity. Despite some improvements in treatment, the survival rate is still very low, mainly due to the possible development of secondary malignancy or metastasis. Clinical and pathological features as well as molecular biomarkers might predict the recurrence....

Background: Malignant melanoma (MM) usually present with metastases to unexpected regions of the body. Metastatic MM is a highly lethal condition, and the median survival in this setting is 6 to 7.5 months; however, few reports rarely describe long-term after chemotherapy. Case report: We describe a 31-year-old man with MM, which got metastatic...

Background Glioblastoma multiform (GBM, World Health Organization grade IV) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor.Immunotherapy is a promising therapeutic adjuvant in fighting against this cancer. Cancer/testis antigens (CTAs) are a group of tumor-associated antigens that are typically restricted to adult testis, but they are aberra...

Background Astrocytoma is the most common primary tumor of CNS. Genetic alternations in glioma have increasing importance for classification puroposes. One of these genetic pathways is IDH1 mutation which has potential roles in diagnosis, prognosis and response to treatments. Our aim was to investigate IDH1 R132H and IDH1 R132S mutations by immunoh...

Background Glioblastoma, the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults, is highly aggressive and associated with a poor prognosis. Bevacizumab has been used in patients with GBM as a salvage therapy since its approval in the United States for recurrent GBM in 2009.We report our two centers experience with bevacizumab in a cohort of patien...

Background: Breast cancer is the first leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women. Ki-67 is being used for evaluation of the prognosis of patients with breast cancer. Objectives: The aim of the current study was to explore the association of the involvement of axillary lymph nodes status with the expression of Ki-67 in patients with breast can...

Background: The standard of care for glioblastoma is concurrent chemoradiother-apy and adjuvant chemotherapy with Temozolomide. In this trial, we have investigated the impact of MGMT promoter methylation on prognosis and benefit from Temozolomide based chemotherapy in a group of patients with glioblastoma in our region. Methods: This retrospective...

Aim: Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer globally and the seventh most common cause of cancer-related deaths in men. Recent studies have shown that CYP450, family 1, subfamily B, polypeptide 1, which plays a role in the metabolism of xenobiotics, is associated with several cancers. Therefore, in the present study we investigated the...

Introduction: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is among the leading causes of cancer related deaths within gastrointestinal tumors. There is a growing body of evidence that shows an association between Epstein Barr virus infection and the development of malignancies such as B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, Hodgkin’s disease, and Burkett’s lymphoma....

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common malignancy in gastrointestinal tract. Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the frequency of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), overexpression in patients with ESCC, and its correlation with pathologic response in cases undergoing neo-adjuvant, chemoradiat...

Introduction: Medulloblastoma is one of the most common malignancies in children. Common clinical symptoms of patients are related to the symptoms due to tumor in the posterior cranial fossa. Presentation of patients with symptoms related to metastatic tumors in the spinal canal are unusual. Case Presentation: We present a 6-year-old child with sym...

Background and Objectives Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common type of cancer worldwide. For the treatment of which, surgical intervention alone or with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy or chemotherapy is recommended. In this study, we aimed to compare the benefits of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy versus postoperative chemoradiotherapy. Patient...

Aims: In central nervous system (CNS) tumors, surgery combined with radiotherapy may cure many tumors. The basic technique in conventional radiotherapy is craniospinal radiotherapy; in this technique, spinal cord can be treated with electron or photon beams. This study was aimed to compare two radiotherapy techniques in craniospinal radiotherapy,...

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the sixth most frequent malignant tumor of the head and neck region. Despite advances in therapeutic options over the last decades, the rate of mortality and morbidity has not been improved markedly. A small subset of cells, cancer stem cells (CSCs), with self-renewal properties have become a major focus of current...

Background: Preoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy may improve surgical results and patient survival rates in gastric adenocarcinomas. We aimed to assess tumor resectability and pathologic response rates in patients with locally advanced proximal gastric and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinomas by preoperative CRT and toxicity evaluation of...

Background: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2) are important prognostic factors of breast cancer. However, discordance between IHC findings of primary tumor and ipsilateral metastatic lymph nodes (IMLNs) has been reported that might affect the criteria...

Introduction: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) accounts for 80% of all esophageal cancers worldwide. It is the most common histological type of esophageal carcinoma in low-resource countries. ESCC is prevalent in Asian countries, accounting for more than 95% of esophageal cancers. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is involved in...

The DNA repair protein O6-Methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) is suggested to be associated with resistance to alkylating agents such as Temozolomide which is being used in treatment of patients with glioblastoma (GBM). Therefore we evaluated the associations between MGMT promoter methylation and prognosis of patients with glioblastoma (GBM)...

The V-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) is an important pathways that is frequently dysregulated in colorectal cancer (CRC). It is involved in the modulation of several downstream effectors, that include: Raf/Mek/Erk, PI3K/Akt, RalGDS/p38MAPK and Rac/Rho, and thereby influences tumorigenesis, the invasive behaviors of tumor...

Establishinga robust teamwork model in the practice of neuro-oncology requires continued interdisciplinary efforts. The Neuro-Oncology Scientific Club (NOSC) initiative is an interdisciplinary clinical forum promoting the comprehensive approach across involved disciplines in the management of central nervous system (CNS) malignancies. With its prov...

Abstract Introduction: Melanoma-associated antigen 1 (MAGE1) expression in normal tissues is restricted to the testes, whilst being over-expressed in a number of human cancers. This feature of MAGE1 makes it a promising cancer biomarker. This study aimed to determine the expression of MAGE1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and its relati...

Breast cancer is the second most common malignancy diagnosed in women, supporting the need for identification of novel prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers. Recently, microRNAs have emerged as molecular regulators that can have key roles in pathogenesis and progression of different malignancies, including breast cancer. Micro-RNAs can be circulated...

WNT/B-CATENIN signaling pathway is one of the key dysregulated pathways in different tumor types, which regulate the expression of several genes involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. This pathway is being modulated by sex-determining region Y-box (SOX) family genes. The functions of these genes are suggested as tumor suppre...

Characterizing a working-team concept in the practice of neuro-oncology requires continued interdisciplinary efforts. The Neuro-Oncology Scientific Club (NOSC) initiative is an interdisciplinary clinical forum which has been operational in Iran since 2011 attempting towards a connect-approach in the management of CNS malignancies. NOSC comprises na...

Background and Purpose: The goal of this study is application of the proportional hazards model (PH) and accelerated failure time model (AFT), with consideration Weibull distribution, to determine the level of effectiveness of the factors affecting on the level of disease-free survival (DFS) of the patients with breast cancer. Materials and Method...

This aim of this study was to compare the doses received by critical cranial organs when three different radiation techniques were used to treat pituitary tumours. Cranial computed tomography scans of a RANDO phantom and 30 patients were used for pituitary macroadenoma radiotherapy treatment planning. For each slice, target volumes and other critic...

Background: Meningioma constitutes 20% of the intracranial neoplasms. Followed by surgery as the primary treatment for most patients, radiotherapy becomes indicated in high-grade tumors with incomplete surgical removal. We evaluated the prognostic factors and overall outcome in meningioma patients who underwent radiotherapy. Materials and methods...

Background: Astrocytomas are the most common primary adult brain tumors. Objectives: In this study, we investigated the impact of some potential prognostic factors on survival in patients with low and high grade astrocytomas. Patients and Methods: This retrospective cohort study was performed on patients with brain astrocytoma who were referred to...

Background: Intracranial lesions of the pituitary gland are common pituitary adenomas, accounting for 6-10% of all symptomatic intracranial tumors. In this retrospective study, the clinicopathologic features and survival rate of pituitary adenomas were evaluated. Methods: The present retrospective study was conducted on 83 patients with pituitar...

Background: Chondrosarcoma is a very rare brain tumor. Patients with mesenchymal chondrosarcoma have a worse prognosis and survival than other subtypes of brain chondrosarcoma. Case Report: A 29-year-old man underwent craniotomy because of a headache and blurred vision in his left eye lasting for 15 days. Pathologic examination revealed mesenchymal...

Introduction: Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer worldwide. Variations in the incidence of esophageal cancer are seen with age, sex, and race. Esophageal adenocarcinoma and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are the two major phenotypes in Western and Eastern countries. The highest incidence is in the age group 50-70 years. Th...

Introduction: Pituitary adenomas have been the most common sellaturcica tumors. There have been many unusual types of pituitary tumors that might neglect by radiologists and clinicians. One of these tumors would be the malignant glioma. Case presentation: A 62-year-old male has complained from sudden frontal headache, nausea, vomiting, decreased...

Background: Esophageal carcinoma is a common malignancy in the North East of Iran. Combined modality treatments have been adopted to improve survival in patients with esophageal carcinoma. In this trial, we evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of a preoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy protocol in the patients with locally advanced esophageal c...

In order to keep the acceptable level of the radiation oncology linear accelerators, it is necessary to apply a reliable quality assurance (QA) program. The QA protocols, published by authoritative organizations, such as the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM), determine the quality control (QC) tests which should be performed on...

Chemotherapy- induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) occur frequently causing problems with an unacceptably high incidence that significantly affect patients' daily functioning and health-related quality of life. The present study was aimed to compare acute CINV for granisetron as 5-HT3 receptor antagonist and metoclopramide in the patients receiving c...

Background: Meningioma constitutes 20% of the intracranial neoplasms. Followed by surgery as the primary treatment for most patients, radiotherapy becomes indicated in high-grade tumors with incomplete surgical removal. We evaluated the prognostic factors and overall outcome in meningioma patients who underwent radiotherapy. Materials and Methods:...

Prostate cancer is the world's leading cause of cancer and the second cause of cancer-related death in men after lung cancer. Differentiation of prostate adenocarcinoma from benign prostate lesions and hyperplasia sometimes cannot be done on the basis of morphologic findings. Considering the fact that in the prostate adenocarcinoma there is no basa...

Background Various infectious agents like Ebstein Barr Virus (EBV), HTLV-1 and Helicobacter pylori have known as etiologic factors in different sub-types of lymphoma. Although Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has not only been important for its hepatotropism and hepatitis development, but also in recent years its association with some forms of non- Hodgkin’...

Background Prostate cancer is the leading cause of cancer and the second cause of cancer-related death in men after lung cancer in the world. Differentiation of prostate adenocarcinoma from benign prostate lesions and hyperplasia sometimes cannot be done on the basis of morphological findings. As there is no basal cell layer in prostate adenocarcin...

Minimal residual cancer cells may not be detected in surgical margins of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with routine histological examination. Using molecular markers at surgical margins can be helpful. We attempted to evaluate the MMP-9 and E-cadherin expression in OSCC samples and tumor-free surgical margins and association with clinicopatho...

Management of the central nervous system malignancies are among the evolving areas of research and clinical practice requiring a well-coordinated interdisciplinary approach. The neuro-oncology scientific club (NOSC) has tried to cross the links between various disciplines’ experts involved in brain tumor care in Iran since 2011. The NOSC’s structur...

Background Central Nervous System (CNS) tumors have accounted for approximately one fourth of all pediatric malignancies. CNS tumors have been the most common solid malignancies among the children. In this study, we have evaluated survival and prognostic factors in children with non-brain stem astrocytoma. Methods Children with non-brain stem astr...

Background: Non melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common cancer worldwide. In most cases, the general outlook is excellent; however, local recurrence or metastasis can occur. In this study, we investigated possible tumor and host characteristics affecting the treatment outcome in our department of radiation oncology. Method: We retrospectivel...

Introduction: Esophageal cancer, is the eighth most common cancer in the world which consists of two main histological types: Squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) and adenocarcinoma(AC). It is characterized by rapid development and fatal prognosis in most cases. the global statistics show that Over 80% of esophageal cancers occur in developing countries. t...

BACKGROUND: Bone scan is a sensitive but not specific method for evaluation of bone metastases. However, the clinical data and the pattern of bone scan findings help the physician to narrow the diagnostic differentials. We tried to investigate the distribution of bone metastases in common cancers using bone scintigraphy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 160 c...

For patients with lung metastases from soft-tissue sarcoma, pulmonary metastasectomy is considered to be the only chance of possible cure. In this survey, we analyzed some potential prognostic factors affecting the outcome in these patients. 34 patients who underwent pulmonary metastasectomy for soft-tissue sarcoma from April 1996 to April 2007, we...

Background Chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea is one of long term side effects of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer which may interfere with their future reproductive function. Although amenorrhea is well recognized, the actual incidence following taxanes remains uncertain. Methods In a cross sectional study, we identified breast c...

Background The beginning of metastasis poorly affects the prognosis of breastcancer patients. Lung is the most frequent site of visceral metastasis, and the rate of recurrence is 10-30%. We have tried to find out if the routine Chest X Ray (CXR) could play a role for early detection of lung metastasis, during the prognosis of these patients. Metho...

To evaluate the correlation of Bcl-2 and Bax protein expressions with biochemical failure-free survival in patients with advanced or metastatic prostate carcinoma (PCa) undergoing androgen deprivation therapy. This retrospective study was performed on patients with locally advanced (≥ T3) or metastatic PCa, who were referred to Omid Hospital betwee...

Introduction: Educating Patients diagnosed with cancer about their disease and treatment is a vital component of their nursing care. Management of treatment side effects and maintaining the quality of life could be achievable only by adequate and organized self-care education. With regards to the importance of the concept of cost-effectiveness in h...

Background Anorectal melanoma is one of the rare but significant malignancies of the anorectal area. This malignancy currently accounts for 1% of all types of melanoma and less than 1% of all the anorectal area malignancies. Very rare cases of this disease have been reported worldwide.Anorectal melanoma is mostly diagnosed while treating other beni...

The second session of the interval meetings of the Neuro-Oncology Scientific Club (NOSC-2)- Mashhad, took place on 19th April 2012 in Mashhad, Iran. NOSC is an interdisciplinary forum providing updates in brain tumor diagnosis and management. The focus for this scientific meeting was how fundamental brain tumor science can foster clinical advances...

In this paper, the behaviour of oesophageal cancer has been modelled to provide treatment for patients with oesophageal squamous carcinoma. In this method, the dose of chemotherapy drugs is calculated using a combination of neural networks. Implementation shows that the proposed method is able to effectively treat oesophageal cancer. The results of...

In oral cavity, the tongue is the most common site prone to development of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Considering malignant transformation as a cellular stress, the expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) may be affected in this process. In this study we assessed the expression of HSP105 and HSP27 as two of the most interested stress proteins...

Esophageal cancer is the 7th most common cancer in Iran. The northern part of the country shows the highest incidence for this malignancy. In this study we present some epidemiological and clinicopathological characteristics of patients with esophageal carcinoma in this region. In a cross sectional study, 238 Esophageal cancer patients were enrolle...

Background: Despite recent achievements in therapeutic approaches for glial brain tumors ,many of afflicted cases suffer from sever cognitive impairments over the progression of their tumor and aggravation of corresponding symptoms. Of glial tumors, those which are high grade(grade3 and 4) ,deeply seated and therefore hard to be surgically debulked...

Background: The objective of our study was to determine the important factors which have influence on the time of sentinel node visualization using intradermal injection of 99mTc-Antimony sulfide colloid. Methods: 250 consecutive patients with the diagnosis of early stage breast cancer were evaluated. Anterior and lateral views were acquired in var...