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11,445
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Citations since 2017
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April 2003 - present
April 1994 - March 2003
February 1989 - March 1994
Publications
Publications (1,010)
Biological dinitrogen fixation is the major source of new nitrogen to marine systems and thus essential to the ocean’s biological pump. Constraining the distribution and global rate of dinitrogen fixation has proven challenging owing largely to uncertainty surrounding the controls thereon. Existing South Atlantic dinitrogen fixation rate estimates...
The Bohai Sea (BHS) is a semi-closed marginal sea impacted by one of the most populated areas of China. The supply of nutrients, markedly that of reactive nitrogen, via fluvial and atmospheric transport has strongly increased in parallel with the growing population. Therefore, it is crucial to quantify the reactive nitrogen input to the BHS and und...
Suspended particulate matter was collected from subsurface (6 m) water along an E-W transect through the tropical Indian Ocean using a specialized inert (plastic free) fractionated filtration system. The samples were subjected to a new microwave-assisted “one-pot” matrix removal (efficiency: 94.3% ± 0.3% (1 SD, n = 3)) and microplastic extraction p...
The Yellow Sea (YS) is an epicontinental sea framed by the densely populated mainland of China and the Korean peninsula. Human activities over the last decades resulted in heavily increasing discharge of reactive nitrogen into the YS, which created numerous ecological problems. To elucidate the role of central YS in the cycling of reactive nitrogen...
Amino acids (AAs) mainly bound in proteins are major constituents of living
biomass and non-living organic material in the oceanic particulate and
dissolved organic matter pool. Uptake and cycling by heterotrophic organisms
lead to characteristic changes in AA composition so that AA-based
biogeochemical indicators are often used to elucidate proces...
21 Suspended particulate matter was collected from subsurface (6 m) water of an E-W ship transect 22 through the tropical Indian Ocean using the Geesthacht Inert Microplastic Fractionator (GIMPF), 23 a specialized fractionated filtration system. The samples were subjected to a new microwave-24 assisted "one-pot" matrix removal (efficiency: 94.3% ±...
Amino acids (AA) mainly bound in proteins are major constituents of living biomass and non-living organic material in the oceanic particulate and dissolved organic matter pool. Uptake and cycling by heterotrophic organisms lead to characteristic changes in AA composition so that AA based biogeochemical indicators are often used to elucidate process...
The Indian summer monsoon (ISM) rainfall is the lifeline for people living on the Indian subcontinent today and was possibly the driver of the rise and fall of early agricultural societies in the past. The intensity and position of the ISM have shifted in response to orbitally forced thermal land–ocean contrasts. At the northwestern monsoon margins...
Carbonate platforms are built mainly by corals living in shallow light-saturated tropical waters. The Saya de Malha Bank (Indian Ocean), one of the world’s largest carbonate platforms, lies in the path of the South Equatorial Current. Its reefs do not reach sea level, and all carbonate production is mesophotic to oligophotic. New geological and oce...
The contribution of sediments to nutrient cycling of the coastal North Sea is strongly controlled by the intensity of fluxes across the sediment water interface. Pore‐water advection is one major exchange mechanism that is well described by models, as it is determined by physical parameters. In contrast, biotransport (i.e., bioirrigation, bioturbat...
Oligotrophic areas cover about 75% of the ocean’s surface, and these ocean regions are predicted to expand under global warming scenarios. To evaluate impacts on global marine biogeochemical cycles and changes in ocean-atmosphere carbon fluxes, it is essential to understand particulate matter fluxes and determine the amount of organic carbon that i...
The physical impact of demersal fishing was studied in three different areas of the German North Sea sector by use of a multibeam echosounder. The areas represent typical shallow seas siliciclastic habitats in variable distance to the coastline. Their seabed substrate is dominated by coarse silt close to the shore and by fine sand in the most dista...
The Bohai Sea is a semi-closed marginal sea impacted by one of the most populated areas of China. The supply of nutrients, markedly that of reactive nitrogen, via fluvial and atmospheric transport has strongly increased in parallel with the growing population. It is therefore crucial to quantify the reactive nitrogen input to the BHS and to underst...
The Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) with its rainfall is the lifeline for people living on the Indian subcontinent today and possibly was the driver of the rise and fall of early agricultural societies in the past. Intensity and position of the ISM have shifted in response to orbitally forced thermal land-ocean contrasts. At the northwestern monsoon ma...
It is estimated that more than 75% of the 8.3 billion metric tons of plastic produced over the last 65 years have turned into waste. Up to 13 million metric tons of this waste ends up in the ocean every year and recent calculations estimate that more than 5.25 trillion plastic particles float in the world’s oceans. Scientists have demonstrated the...
The coastal ocean is strongly affected by ocean acidification because of its shallow water depths, low volume, and the closeness to terrestrial dynamics. Earlier observations of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and total alkalinity (TA) in the southern part of the North Sea, a northwest European shelf sea, revealed lower acidification effects than...
In this study, we investigate the role of sedimentary N cycling in the southern North Sea. We present a budget of ammonification, nitrification and sedimentary NO3- consumption and denitrification in contrasting sediment types of the German Bight (southern North Sea), including novel net ammonification rates. We incubated sediment cores from four r...
The Rhône River originates in the high Alps and drains an intensely cultivated and industrialised catchment before it discharges to the Gulf of Lion. We investigated the interaction of catchment geomorphology with nitrate sources (atmosphere, agriculture, and nitrification of soil organic matter) and removal processes in large and diverse watershed...
Abstract. The coastal ocean is strongly affected by ocean acidification because it is shallow and has a low volume. Earlier observations of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and total alkalinity (TA) in the southern part of the North Sea and the German Bight, a Northwest-European shelf sea, have revealed lower acidification effects than expected. It...
The westerlies and trade winds over the South Atlantic and Indian Ocean are important drivers of the regional oceanography around southern Africa, including features such as the Agulhas Current, the Agulhas leakage, and the Benguela upwelling. Agulhas leakage constitutes a fraction of warm and saline water transport from the Indian Ocean into the S...
In this study, we investigate the role of sedimentary N cycling in the Southern North Sea. We present a budget of ammonification, nitrification and sedimentary NO3− consumption/denitrification in contrasting sediment types of the German Bight (Southern North Sea), including novel net ammonification rates. Dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentration...
The Indian Ocean subtropical gyre (IOSG) is one of five extensive subtropical gyres in the world's ocean. In contrast to those of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, the IOSG has been sparsely studied. We investigate the water mass distributions based on temperature, salinity and oxygen data, and the concentrations of water column nutrients and the st...
The westerlies and trade winds over the South Atlantic and Indian Ocean are important drivers of the regional oceanography around Southern Africa, including features such as the Agulhas current, the Agulhas leakage and the Benguela upwelling. The Agulhas leakage is the transport of warm and saline water from the Indian Ocean into the South Atlantic...
Sediment records in the Baltic Sea image the development of late Glacial and Holocene climate in Northwestern Europe, the transgression of global sea level and the flooding of the shelf, and the effects of isostatic uplift of Scandinavia. Changes in salinity of surface and deep waters were pronounced to approximately 5000 years before present and w...
Time series sediment trap experiments were carried out at fifteen sites in the northern Indian Ocean between 1986 and 2007. The data on particle flux rates and composition are analyzed in combination with satellite-derived estimates of primary production and results of surface ocean studies during the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study in the Arabian Se...
The Indian Monsoon and the westerlies strongly influence the sedimentation in the northeastern Arabian Sea by impacting rainfall and erosion on land and on biogeochemical processes in the ocean. To disentangle the terrestrial and oceanic processes, we analysed mineralogical and bulk geochemical components of a Holocene sediment core offshore Pakist...
Data obtained from long-term sediment trap experiments in the Indian Ocean in conjunction with satellite observations illustrate the influence of primary production and the ballast effect on organic carbon flux into the deep sea. They suggest that primary production is the main control on the spatial variability of organic carbon fluxes at most of...
Vast subtropical gyres are important areas for the exchange of carbon between atmosphere and ocean in spite of low nutrient concentrations, and supposedly for the influx of reactive nitrogen to the ocean by dinitrogen fixation. To identify sources and transformation processes in the nitrogen cycle of the southern Indian Ocean subtropical gyre, we i...
We analyze the contribution of the Agulhas Current on the central water masses of the Benguela upwelling system (BUS) over the last decades in a high-resolution ocean simulation driven by atmospheric reanalysis. The BUS is an Eastern Boundary Upwelling System where upwelling of cold nutrient-rich water favors biomass growth. The two distinct subreg...
Data obtained from long-term sediment trap experiments in the Indian Ocean were analysed in conjunction with satellite-derived observations and results obtained from a box model to study the influence of primary production and the ballast effect on organic carbon flux into the deep sea. The results are used to better understand the associated impac...
At present, the Arabian Sea has a permanent oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) at water depths between about 100 and 1200 m. Active denitrification in the upper part of the OMZ is recorded by enhanced δ15N values in the sediments. Sediment cores show a δ15N increase during the middle and late Holocene, which is contrary to the trend in the other two regions...
Nine organophosphate esters (OPEs) were investigated in air samples collected over the Bohai and Yellow Seas (East Asia) during a research cruise between June 28 and July 13, 2016. These same OPEs were quantified at a research site (North Huangcheng Island, NHI) in the middle of the Bohai Strait from May 16, 2015, to March 21, 2016. The median tota...
This study examines the multi-decadal to centennial variability of benthic ecosystems, depositional environments and biogeochemical processes in the Gulf of Taranto (Italy) over the last millennium. Our study is based on sediment cores from two sites in the eastern Gulf of Taranto (Mediterranean Sea), and benthic foraminifera data of 43 surface sed...
Sediment grain size is well known for its influence on biogeophysical processes and hence, grain size parameter maps, important elements in an integrated ecological modelling strategy. In this study, a large database was compiled from legacy data on grain size parameters and distributions in North Sea surface sediments. The database was analysed by...
Biogeochemical cycles of carbon, nutrients, and oxygen transmit mean states, trends and variations of the physical realm in coastal upwelling systems to their food webs and determine their role in regional budgets of greenhouse gases. This contribution focuses on biogeochemical processes in the northern Benguela Upwelling System (NBUS), where low o...
In this study, data obtained from a sediment trap experiments off South Java are analyzed and compared to satellite-derived information on primary production and data collected by deep-moored sediment traps in the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal. The aim was to study the relative importance of primary production and the ballast effect on the orga...
Full-coverage spatial data of occurrence and a detailed description of habitat requirements of epibenthic communities are needed in many conservation and management contexts. In the North Sea the focus has so far been on small benthic infauna, whereas structure and ecosystem functions of larger epifaunal communities have been largely ignored. This...
At present the Arabian Sea has a permanent oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) at water depths between about 100 m and 1200 m. Active denitrification in this OMZ is recorded by enhanced δ¹⁵N values in the sediments. Sediment cores show a δ¹⁵N increase from early to late Holocene which is contrary to the trend in other regions of water column denitrification....
Denitrification on continental margins and in coastal sediments is a major sink of reactive N in the present nitrogen cycle and a major ecosystem service of eutrophied coastal waters. We analyzed the nitrate removal in surface sediments of the Elbe estuary, Wadden Sea, and adjacent German Bight (SE North Sea) during two seasons (spring and summer)...
The concentrations of eight organophosphate esters (OPEs) have been investigated in air, snow and seawater samples collected during the cruise of ARK-XXVIII/2 from 6th June to 3rd July 2014 across the North Atlantic and the Arctic. The sum of gaseous and particle concentrations (∑OPE) ranged from 35 to 343 pg/m3. The three chlorinated OPEs accounte...
A translation of the German interview:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/312523882_Hartmut_Heinrich_-_der_unbekannte_weltberuhmte_Klimaforscher_aus_Hamburg_Ein_Interview?ev=srch_pub
Interview mit Hartmut Heinrich
Interview; englische Übersetzung
Modern and paleo-oceanographic studies highlight the Mediterranean as a climate sensitive region, influenced by both regional and global atmospheric circulation patterns. Within this, the Aegean Sea is characterized by complex atmospheric and hydrologic systems, with effects of atmospheric cooling on water mass formation and inflow of Black Sea wat...
Many reconstructions of past biogeochemical states rely on proxies such as δ¹⁵N that in turn are affected by the preservation state of organic matter. N-turnover processes in the upwelling system on the Namibian shelf are difficult to reconstruct because lateral particle advection and differential degradation under oxic to anoxic conditions complic...
Marine ecosystems depend on organic matter fluxes and oxygen availability, two processes that are strongly influenced by the regional climate and oceanography. In the Mediterranean region, natural forcing has been overprinted by anthropogenic activity for several hundred years. The Gulf of Taranto is especially susceptible to changes in land use, t...
The eastern boundary upwelling systems, located in the subtropics at the eastern boundary of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans and mainly driven by the trade winds, are the major coastal upwelling regions. Previous studies have suggested that the intensity of upwelling in these areas in the past centuries may have been influenced by the external radi...
The Benguela Upwelling System off Namibia is a region of intensive plankton production. Remineralisation of this biomass frequently causes the formation of an oxygen minimum zone. A part of the organic matter is further deposited on the broad shelf in form of an extensive mudbelt with high TOC concentrations. During February 2011 we retrieved sedim...
The Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems are the major coastal upwelling regions. The trade winds are driving these upwelling regimes located in the subtropics at the eastern boundary of the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean. Here we analyse the impact of the external climate forcing, e.g. the greenhouse gas concentration, solar activity and volcano eruptio...
The advent of the Anthropocene underscores the need to develop and implement transformative governance strategies that safeguard the Earth's life-support systems, most critically at the ocean–land interface — the Margin. The seaward realm of the Margin is the new frontier for resource exploitation and colonization to meet the needs of coastal natio...
Recurrent deposition of organic-rich sediment layers (sapropels) in the eastern Mediterranean Sea is caused by complex interactions between climatic and biogeochemical processes. Disentangling these influences is therefore important for Mediterranean palaeo-studies in particular, and for understanding ocean feedback processes in general. Crucially,...
The seasonal monsoon cycle with winds from the southwest (SW) in summer and from the northeast (NE) in winter strongly impacts on modern regional sea surface temperature (SST) patterns in the Arabian Sea (northern Indian Ocean). To reconstruct the temporal and spatial variation in the dynamically coupled winter and summer monsoon strength over the...
This special issue is a product of Workshop 1 of IMBIZO III held in Goa, India in 2013. Marine ecosystems in continental margins, including coastal zones, estuaries, continental shelves and slopes, suffer from anthropogenic stressors of global, regional and local natures. Effective governance, which is key to reducing losses of marine resources and...
To understand the processes leading to the formation of Holocene
sapropel S1 in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea, we integrated results from regional
ocean-biogeochemical general circulation model experiments with biogeochemical
and micropaleontological proxy records. Sapropel S1 formed during the Holocene
insolation maximum, when strong Aegean north...
Anthropogenic inputs of nutrient phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) to the Eastern Mediterranean Sea (EMS) increased significantly after 1950. Nonetheless, the EMS remained ultra-oligotrophic, with eutrophication only affecting a restricted number of nearshore areas. To better understand this apparent contradiction, we reconstructed the external input...
Rising stable nitrogen isotope ratios (δ15N) in dated sediment records of the German Bight/SE North Sea track river-induced coastal eutrophication over the last 2 centuries. Fully exploiting their potential for reconstructions of pristine conditions and quantitative analysis of historical changes in the nitrogen cycle from these sediment records re...
The Eastern Mediterranean Sea (EMS) is the largest marine basin whose annual primary productivity is limited by phosphorus (P) rather than nitrogen (N). The basin is nearly entirely land-locked and receives substantial external nutrient fluxes, comparable for instance to those of the Baltic Sea. The biological productivity of the EMS, however, is a...
