Katerina Zdravkova

Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje · Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering

Online exams and assignments during the COVID-19 pandemic have introduced new forms of student cheating. In order to maintain evaluation criteria and preserve established ethical standards, professors have introduced new methods to minimize cheating. When returning onsite, the newly created cheating techniques evolved once again. They were supporte...

Progress in eradicating poverty, hunger and pollution by promoting better health, well-being and quality education has begun to weaken due to the pandemic, military conflicts and climate change. There is an urgent need to act decisively and efficiently in order to reduce the frightening dimension of the crisis and return sustainable development ind...

COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically reshaped educational strategies and the methods of their delivery. It has also affected those courses that incorporate many social media online activities. This paper introduces the major strategies that were used to adapt an already stable Web 2.0-based course to a fully online course. A comparison of teaching an...

In order to stop the COVID-19 virus spreading, most universities replaced traditional in-class education with remote teaching and learning. The whole situation was stressful for all, particularly for the students with special needs. It seems that these students were literally abandoned, and many differently abled students completely missed out on t...

In this study we provide an in-depth review and analysis of the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) components and solutions that support the development of cutting-edge assistive technologies for children with special needs. Various disabilities are addressed and the most recent assistive technologies that enhance communication and education of...

Macedonian adjectives are inflected for gender, number, definiteness and degree, with in average 47.98 inflections per headword. The inflection paradigm of qualificative adjectives is even richer, embracing 56.27 morphophonemic alterations. Depending on the word they were derived from, more than 600 Macedonian adjectives have an identical headword...

Since the beginning of the 21st century, the lifespan of people born with Down syndrome (DS) has increased. They now outlive their parents and rely on their relatives who usually sacrifice their own families to care for their disabled siblings. To reduce the pressure on families and the wider community, it is crucial to prepare DS people for indepe...

The digital transformation is impacting every aspect of our everyday life. The recent social-distancing and isolation measures accelerated the migration of many very traditional processes to online operation. Different vendors develop their own applications for diverse purposes, which expose end-users to significant security risks. Source code prot...

Role-playing has been intensively implemented in many engineering courses, most of them related to computer ethics. Teacher’s familiarity with role-playing, pedagogical experience, as well as students’ valuable feedback determine the way of conducting the game. The effective accomplishment is based on strict managerial steps, which include: the def...

The Covid-19 pandemic caused a sudden shift towards online teaching, learning and assessment, which was troublesome for both teachers and students. The most affected were the students with various disabilities, whose inclusive options provided in the classroom were no longer available at home. Many socially responsible universities managed to suppo...

The Covid-19 pandemic caused a sudden shift towards online teaching, learning and assessment, which was troublesome for both teachers and students. The most affected were the students with various disabilities, whose inclusive options provided in the classroom were no longer available at home. Many socially responsible universities managed to suppo...

In recent years, sentiment analysis (SA) has gained popularity among researchers in various domains, including the education domain. Particularly, sentiment analysis can be applied to review the course comments in massive open online courses (MOOCs), which could enable instructors to easily evaluate their courses. This article is a systematic liter...

Crowdsourcing has become a fruitful solution for many activities, promoting the joined power of the masses. Although not formally recognised as an educational model, the first steps towards embracing crowdsourcing as a form of formal learning and teaching have recently emerged. Before taking a dramatic step forward, it should be estimated whether i...

We introduce in this paper a generic approach to combine implicit crowdsourcing and language learning in order to mass-produce language resources (LRs) for any language for which a crowd of language learners can be involved. We present the approach by explaining its core paradigm that consists in pairing specific types of LRs with specific exercise...

Dignity is one of those human values, which have dramatically changed in the last few decades. This paper tries to raise awareness of the risks of massively used inventions and new technologies and their possibility to threaten human dignity. It briefly introduces the technologies that symbolize the new era by explaining their birth, current applic...

Many crowdsourcing systems enable an anonymous access and opportunity to namelessly contribute self-generated content without providing any personal data. However, Internet browsers collect metadata on a large scale, including learning management systems (LMS), which collect and store many identity and contact data. System administrators and the te...

Since their appearance in the early 2000s, Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) and Open Educational Resources (OERs) arose among the most important educational priorities. Many top universities worldwide have been involved in the research and direct implementation of this innovative pedagogical approach. Simultaneously with the development and mass...

This paper presents the creation of machine learning based systems for Part-of-speech tagging of Macedonian language. Four well-known PoS tagger systems implemented for English and Slavic languages: TnT, cyclic dependency network, guided learning framework for bidirectional sequence classification, and dynamic features induction were trained. Orwel...

Problematic video game behaviour has been an increasing issue in the past decade with the increase of access to the Internet, mobile phones and of course, personal computers. Cases have been reported of aggressive behaviour, isolationism, escapism and even death when it comes to compulsive playing. But at the same time, video games are a possible c...

This paper presents the research that has contributed to the creation of an automatic part-of-speech (POS) tagger of Macedonian, a Slavic language that has a rich morphology, but limited language resources and contributions towards establishing of Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools. The created system automatically tags only the part-of-speech...

NLP technology becomes dominant in the field of Information Retrieval (IR) because it facilitates the retrieval of relevant information from different resources in particular natural language. Traditional IR systems treat each document as a bag-of-words and do not exploit any language related information. It is obvious that considering such informa...

New technologies are dramatically changing human civilization in a way few could have imagined even at the end of the 20th century. And yet, many things will change even more. Very soon, computer intelligence will surpass the abilities of the human brain, genetic research and regenerative medicine will create practically immortal genetically enhanc...

The recent proliferation of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) has initiated a plethora of research endeavors revolving around new pedagogical methods in higher education. Integrating MOOCs in blended learning can be beneficial in different ways for both learners and instructors. In this position paper, we aim to provide a brief and comprehensive...

This paper presents research work that has led to creating system for automatic disambiguation of the part-of- speech tags for Macedonian language. First, the need for this kind of system is explained. Next, there is given information about the characteristics of Macedonian language. It introduces the pre-processing of the lexical corpus, continues...

A b s t r a c t: Online bibliography of Macedonian language http://bmj.manu.edu.mk is a system consisting of two interconnected applications, a desktop application for automatic batch uploading of the volumes and their representation as bibliographic records, and an ASP.NET client-server application based on C# for the server code. It is based on r...

In this article, statistical findings obtained by a large survey containing about 120 questions and options are presented. An inquiry using this survey was carried out on a considerable sample of students from four countries of Balkan region, studying different directions of computer science. Students belong to universities that are members of a jo...

Brain-computer interfaces enable a communication be-tween neuromuscular system and peripheral nerves and muscles. They are implemented to establish or improve the missing or lost functions of the disabled, or to en-hance the functions of healthy people. Brain implants in-terfere the natural brain-human interaction, raising vari-ous ethical question...

The birth of current students coincides with the rise of the first social media websites, making young people the most competent and the most frequent consumers and creators of social media content. Their savoir-faire in new technologies is a great motivation to intensively use various e-learning 2.0 elements in the process of learning, teaching an...

Phrasemes are multi-word expressions and utterances with a distinctive syntax and semantics. Due to the ethnological diversity, they are language specific and in many occasions, the exact translation of a phraseme existing in one source language doesn't occur in other target languages, no matter their linguistic and cultural similarity. The present...

Sign language is the first language of many people suffering hearing impairments. They learn it before getting their initial skills in writing or communicating through other methods. Written and auditory expressions are more difficult for users of sign languages. For them, the output should be presented in the form of gestures, facial expressions a...

The process of retrieving particular information from a huge amount of text significantly depends on the language specific features. The most imposing one for Macedonian language is the possibility of a word to have various derivational and inflectional suffixes. In this research we investiage how particular NLP tools influence the retrieval, putti...

Mobile devices are taking a huge part of people's everyday lives. They have brought various functionalities at our fingertips. Mobile users can use various mobile applications and execute them on their mobile devices. However, most of the applications need additional resources in order to run smoothly and without delays. Therefore, external resourc...

Cloud security is one of the primary concerns that cloud customers have when it comes to cloud computing. Not only are there security risks present within every Cloud system, but there are also numerous risks which arise with the implementation of various components, as well as solutions of security risks. Multiple efforts have been made to produce...

At the beginning of the new century, we started with an educational project aimed at the joint development and shared use of teaching materials for software engineering education. The aim was to transfer knowledge, as well as to save expenses. Over the years, our cooperation did not only cover the development of the course, but also its delivery, e...

Linking various sources of medical data provides a wealth of data to researchers. Trends in society, however, have raised privacy concerns, leading to an increasing awareness of the value of data and data ownership. Personal Health Records address this concern by explicitly giving ownership of data to the patient and enabling the patient to choose...

This paper presents the experience of a virtual student named Peter concerning various cloud computing services offered by the school where he is currently a freshman. The paper introduces and compares the differences between the traditional Plato’s classroom and today’s new classrooms powered by novel technologies. In the foreword, we present the...

Many students don't choose the rightful means to pass their exams. Their main goal is to successfully finish the assignments with a minimum possible effort. New technologies that implement social media and interactive collaboration have triggered the remodelling of frauds and tricks students implement. Such remodelled cheating activities are more c...

Developing teaching materials is a time-consuming and expensive activity. Thus, over the years, several consortia have created joint materials to benefit from them. It is expected that shared teaching materials are a means to save effort in its development, to transfer methodological and technical knowledge between different university staff, and t...

Purpose – Tabletop online role-playing games enable active learning appropriate for different ages and learner capabilities. They have also been implemented in computer and engineering ethics courses. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – This paper presents the experience of implementing role-playing in several cou...

A joint course, created as a result of a project under the auspices of the 'Stability Pact of South-Eastern Europe' and DAAD, has been conducted in several Balkan countries: in Novi Sad, Serbia, for the last six years in several different forms, in Skopje, FYR of Macedonia, for two years, for several types of students, and in Tirana, Albania, in th...

In this paper, an analysis of gender related influences for studying of computer science in several countries of the west Balkan region was conducted. A large survey with about 120 different options within 33 questions offered has been created and inquiry has been carried out on a considerable sample of students. Students were of both gender, and r...

The subject of the research presented in this paper is to build a system that will automatically obtain the two-level rules for agentive nouns in two languages: English and Macedonian. A set of pairs base_word - derived_agentive noun is constructed and for all these pairs a string edit sequence is built using the insert, delete and replace operatio...

Question Answering Systems (QAS) are an immerging research topic triggered and at the same time stimulated by immense amount of texts which are available in digital form. As quantity of natural language information increases, the necessity of new methods to precisely retrieve the exact information from massive textual databases becomes inevitable....

Web users in the 21st century are no longer only passive consumers. On a contrary, they are active contributors willing to obtain, share and evolve information. In this paper we report our experience regarding the implementation of Web 2.0 concept in several Computer Ethics related courses jointly conducted at two Universities. These courses have b...

Question answering systems solve many of the problems that users encounter when searching for focused information on the web and elsewhere. However, these systems cannot always adequately understand the user’s question posed in a natural language, primarily because any particular language has its own specifics that have to be taken into account in...

Skopje and Novi Sad share several joint courses in Professional Ethics at undergraduate level and at postgraduate level. These courses have been delivered to almost 1000 students from 14 different target groups. For seven years, teaching, learning as well as assessment have been steadily growing from traditional Web supported learning, through blen...

Shared teaching materials are a means to save effort for its development, to transfer methodological and technical knowledge between different university staff, and to exchange experience in practical application. However, does it really pay off considering the diversity of different educational environments and the difficulties of using externally...

The subject of the research presented in this paper is to build a system that will automatically obtain the two-level rules for agentive nouns in two languages: English and Macedonian. A set of pairs base_word - derived_agentive noun is constructed and for all these pairs a string edit sequence is built using the insert, delete and replace operatio...

Macedonian printed lexicons contain very few verbal adjectives, which results in regular collapsing of spelling checkers. In order to overcome this problem, we automatically derived the most common verbal adjectives. This paper describes the derivational process, which resulted in more than 30000 new adjectival lemmas derived from nearly 20000 verb...

Morphosyntactic annotation of word-forms in inflected languages usually ends with uncertain results that need further disambiguation. In absence of Part-of-Speech information, correct lemma, and relevant context, annotation accuracy is never higher than 90%. This paper presents annotation using Support Vector Machines. In order to obtain maximum ac...

This paper presents a machine learning approach to morphological analysis and synthesis of Macedonian nouns, adjectives and verbs. An inductive logic programming (ILP) system, Clog, was used to learn the inflectional paradigms of Macedonian words. Clog learns first-order decision lists, i.e., ordered sets of rules. Training and testing of the rules...

Recent studies have shown that more than 80% of the analysed samples of urinary calculi in our laboratory were mainly composed of four types of calculi, consisting of the following substances: (1) whewellite and weddellite, (2) whewellite, weddellite and uric acid, (3) whewellite, weddellite and struvite and (4) whewellite, weddellite and carbonate...

The intention of this project was to enable the usage of shared materials for software engineering courses in seven universities located in four countries: Germany, Bulgaria, Serbia and Montenegro, and the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. All participants play active roles by making contributions to the course materials and conducting courses...

This paper presents a machine learning approach to morphological analysis and synthesis of Macedonian nouns. For training and testing we used the nouns originating from Orwell's "1984". The paper presents experimental results of using the learned rules in the process of analysis, and in the process of noun formation. Training was performed with the...

A MatHypSystem is an adaptive hypermedia educational system. Its structure integrates properties of an intelligent mentor system and of a hypermedia educational system. This paper focuses on the conceptual design of the system. It briefly describes the features of its main modules for both kinds of end users: mentors and students.

SETT-Net is an international Web-based network designed to enable training and teaching of a joint software engineering course. It consists of a Centre Point at the Humboldt University in Berlin and four National Centres: in Bulgaria, Germany, Macedonia, and in Serbia and Montenegro. The network is free for all lecturers and students at the partici...

The intention of the SETT-Net is to enable the usage of shared training and teaching resources for a software engineering course in eight schools and in four countries. The network is completely Web-based. It consists of a centre point at Humboldt University in Berlin and four national centres, in Berlin, Novi Sad, Plovdiv and in Skopje. We present...

Despite the fact that all Turing's premises were completely fulfilled long ago and that a lot of effort has been made towards the invention of a high-quality conversation imitator, there is still no chatterbot capable of passing the Turing test. Presumably, the greatest deficiency is the use of the pattern matching approach and consequently, the di...

The intention of the Multilingual Virtual Classroom Network is to enable the usage of a shared virtual classroom for software engineering lectures in ten schools and four countries. It is intended to consist of a Center Point at the Humboldt University in Berlin and four National Centers in Germany, Yugoslavia, Macedonia and Bulgaria. This paper pr...

Throughout many centuries calculation was mainly connected with mathematics. In recent times with an average delay of a decade, inventions in electronics and telecommunications made possible the growth of calculation into computing. Nowadays, informatics implements shortly technological miracles from many scientific disciplines. This paper gives a...

Seven universities of four countries are developing a joint course on software engineering which is web-based and has to cope with the challenges coming from different languages of the participating parties as well as with the distribution of work over the internet. This article describes the experience of this ongoing project in a generalized form...

This paper focuses on creating new linguistic resources for the Macedonian language. It presents a new parallel corpus between Macedonian and Serbian language, build around the digitalized version of George Orwell's "1984", developed during the MULTEXT-EAST project. The original corpus is expanded with news articles from the Southeast European Time...

Ghostwriting became students' most popular way to avoid writing of boring essays, or the best way to easily earn by writing on behalf of another student. This paper presents several markers indicating a presence of potential ghostwriters. Proposed methodology suggests various inspection techniques, which do not prove anything in isolation. Whenever...