Kate Barclay

University of Technology Sydney | UTS · Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences

The growing focus on the blue economy is accelerating industrial fishing in many parts of the world. This intensification is affecting the livelihoods of small-scale fishers, processors, and traders by depleting local fishery resources, damaging fishing gears, putting fishers' lives at risk, and compromising market systems and value chain positions...

This report shares the outcomes of a collaborative research project funded by the Fisheries Research and Development Corporation (FRDC) in partnership with the University of Technology Sydney (UTS). It represents the first circular economy (CE) project for the Australian seafood sector to understand current CE activities, opportunities and barrier...

Calls to address social equity in ocean governance are expanding. Yet ‘equity’ is seldom clearly defined. Here we present a framework to support contextually-informed assessment of equity in ocean governance. Guiding questions include: (1) Where and (2) Why is equity being examined? (3) Equity for or amongst Whom? (4) What is being distributed? (5)...

As a significant actor in global governance, China has become increasingly active in addressing global environmental challenges. However, Chinese fishing practices do not conform with its policies. How do we understand China's apparently incoherent stance? Using the case of illegal, unreported, and unre-gulated (IUU) fishing governance, we explore...

The blue economy concept has been discussed at high-level policy fora since the 2012 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development. Simultaneously, a burgeoning body of literature on the blue economy is emerging from academia. This scoping analysis uses data from journal articles and policy documents to provide a preliminary understanding of...

The final chapter of this book discusses the implications of a relational approach to fishing livelihoods for governance for improved social and ecological outcomes. The chapter reviews some of the ways in which academics, activists and policymakers can use approaches that emphasise the relational context of fishing livelihoods, and specifies the c...

The USD6 billion Western and Central Pacific Ocean (WCPO) tuna fisheries produce over half the world's tuna and are important for coastal countries. Tuna fisheries policy, management and research currently focus on fisheries resources and industrial fishing on offshore vessels with all male crews, although women, as much as men, are employed in tun...

“Where fishing livelihoods come from and where they are going are simple questions with no simple answers. Using examples of small-scale fisheries in Asia-Pacific, Fabinyi and Barclay offer eloquent analyses of how fishing livelihoods are shaped, resting on a relational approach idea. The book is a must-read for policy makers and practitioners look...

This chapter focuses on the wider processes of political-economic change that drive key characteristics of fishing livelihoods. Globalisation has dramatically expanded the scale and accelerated the pace of fisheries capture and trade, generating new opportunities and challenges for livelihoods and marine environments. Here we document some of the m...

This book centres on an understanding of fishing livelihoods within processes of historical change, and the social and political relationships within which they are embedded. Drawing on our research experience from the Asia-Pacific region, we examine where fishing livelihoods have come from, and where they are going. This introductory chapter intro...

This chapter shifts scale from Chap. 2 to focus on the local context and analyse the everyday sets of social relationships that frame the lives of those engaged in fishing livelihoods. The broad structural forces of migration, technology and markets along with the wider economy all intersect with local sets of social structures to shape the conditi...

This chapter examines the role that governance plays in shaping fishing livelihoods. This includes formal government regulation as well as other factors that shape fishing, such as markets, buyer requirements and social norms. Institutional arrangements serve as a key component of fishing livelihoods, by prescribing the conditions under which fishi...

The blue economy is a globally emerging concept for oceans governance that seeks to tap the economic potential of the oceans in environmentally sustainable ways. Yet understanding and implementation of particular visions of the blue economy in specific regions diverge according to national and other contexts. Drawing on a discourse analysis of Chin...

The emergence of illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing as a policy issue over the past two decades has galvanised efforts to advance the regulation of high seas fishing to ensure the conservation and sustainable use of fishery resources. This process enabled the introduction of environmental provisions into international trade under the...

Managing Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) is about managing human behaviours, but decision-making processes have traditionally focussed on ecological aspects, treating social aspects as secondary. It is now becoming more evident that an equal focus on the ecological and social aspects is required. Without the collection of information about social asp...

China is a key player in global production, consumption, and trade of seafood. Given this dominance, Chinese choices regarding what seafood to eat, and how and where to source it, are increasingly important—for China, and for the rest of the world. This perspective explores this issue using a transdisciplinary approach and discusses plausible traje...

The integrated management (IM) of coastal and marine environments is an enduring problem, particularly in multi-sectoral and jurisdictional systems, with coastal management of New South Wales (NSW), Australia being no exception. Historically, NSW coastal and marine management was dominated by ecological and economic approaches, implemented in paral...

Concern over illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing has led to a number of policy, trade and surveillance measures. While much attention has been given to the impact of IUU regulation on industrial fleets, recognition of the distinct impacts on small‐scale fisheries is conspicuously lacking from the policy and research debate. In this pa...

https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ua_MDwAAQBAJ&lpg=PA75&ots=4DHI1Vqmuk&dq=policy%20disconnections%20in%20australian%20seafood&hl=ca&pg=PA75#v=onepage&q=policy%20disconnections%20in%20australian%20seafood&f=false

This handbook is designed to give practical guidance on improving gender and social inclusion in coastal fisheries and aquaculture for staff working in fisheries agencies in Pacific Island countries and territories. It focuses on the responsibilities of Pacific Island governments to help promote sustainable development outcomes for all people relyi...

Kesejahteraan masyarakat dan perikanan tuna berbasis rumpon di Indonesia Timur adalah kebijakan yang berasal dari proyek penelitian yang dilakukan oleh University of Technology Sydney tentang manfaat sosial dan ekonomi perikanan tuna. Laporan lengkap tersedia di 1. Kebijakan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat pesisir dan efis...

High demand and prices in global markets for luxury seafood fished by coastal communities in low-income contexts causes overfishing. There are few alternatives for fishers to earn money, most institutions for controlling effort are weak, and markets are beyond the control of fishing states. The mismatch between desires for development and governanc...

Small‐scale fisheries are subject to various governing institutions operating at different levels with different objectives. At the same time, small‐scale fisheries increasingly form part of domestic and international market chains, with consequent effects for marine environments and livelihoods of the fishery‐dependent. Yet there remains a need to...

The coastal and marine environment is often managed according to the principles of sustainable development, which include environmental, economic, and social dimensions. While each are equally important, social sustainability receives a lower priority in both policy and research. Methodologies for assessing social sustainability are less developed...

Gender shapes livelihoods through access to resources and the distribution of benefits from economic activities. To work effectively with local people, resource management and community development initiatives should therefore be sensitive to the influence of gender on livelihoods. This paper considers gender in the context of broader social trends...

Private standards, including ecolabels, have been posed as a governance solution for the global fisheries crisis. The conventional logic is that ecolabels meet consumer demand for certified "sustainable" seafood, with "good" players rewarded with price premiums or market share and "bad" players punished by reduced sales. Empirically, however, in th...

The principles of Ecologically Sustainable Development and Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management require that fisheries be managed for social as well as environmental and economic objectives. Comprehensive assessments of the success of fisheries in achieving all three objectives are, however, rare. There are three main barriers to achieving integrat...

Growing trade networks through globalization have expanded governance of local environments to encompass multiple scales. The governing role of market actors, such as traders and consumers in importing countries, has been recognized and embraced for sustainable seafood sourcing and trade. The perceptions that affect the conduct of these actors are...

Over recent decades it has become widely accepted that managing fisheries resources means managing human behaviour, and so understanding social and economic dynamics is just as important as understanding species biology and ecology. Until recently, fisheries managers and researchers have struggled to develop effective methods and data for social an...

Resource conflict is a common feature of coastal management. This conflict is often managed by using spatial planning tools to segregate uses, with access decisions made through a comparison of the economic costs and benefits of the competing sectors. These comparisons rarely include an in-depth analysis of the extent or nature of the conflict. One...

Tropical sea cucumber, called béche-de-mer (BDM) in its dried form, is a luxury seafood and health food, with its main market in southern China and smaller markets in Singapore, Malaysia and other countries.1 Regional markets for BDM have existed for centuries, and they have expanded greatly since the 1980s with growing incomes in China. Sea cucumb...

The professional wild-catch fishing industry contributes to the viability of rural and regional areas in coastal NSW. This Project addresses two key information gaps about the role of professional fishing in coastal communities. First, the wild-catch industry in NSW feels that their role has not been correctly valued, and this has made them vulnera...

China Japan and South Korea’s international relations are shaped by the fact that all three countries are significant importers of resources. This book brings together work on specific aspects of the politics of resources for each of these countries, regionally and internationally. There are some similarities in the approaches taken by all these th...

This report aims to identify gaps in the available data on the social and economic opportunities and constraints for women in the fisheries sector in Solomon Islands in order to inform policy directions and future investments in the sector. It examines women’s involvement in two supply chains in the fisheries sector of Solomon Islands – tuna fisher...

The island countries and territories of the Pacific Ocean are relatively sparsely populated so there has historically been less fishing pressure on marine animal populations than in many other parts of the world. Industrial tuna fishing around Pacific Island countries began in the first half of the twentieth century, re-emerged after World War II i...

China, Japan and Korea’s international relations are shaped by the fact that all three are significant importers of resources. This Introduction proposes two conceptual frameworks for understanding the politics that is taken up in the papers of this Special Issue. The first is to consider the extent to which there is an East Asian model of resource...

Concerns about supplies of food have been a feature of Japanese politics since Japan started modernising in the second half of the 1800s. It has remained a prominent political issue even after Japan cemented its status as a wealthy country in the 1980s, with the Japanese Government continuing to protect domestic food production from international c...

Purpose: The authors introduce the chapters of Engaging with Capitalism with a discussion of anthropological and other social theory about peoples' approaches to capitalism, especially peoples with vibrant noncapitalist social systems, such as are found in Oceania. Approach: The introduction is in the form of a review of anthropological and other s...

Purpose: To critically assess engagements with capitalism in coastal fisheries development, considering their success or otherwise for coastal villagers. Approach: Using field research and written reports of projects and the concept of "social embeddedness" we analyze two fisheries development projects as local instances of capitalism. Findings: Co...

For several decades people have been grappling with how to retain the material safety and cultural richness of indigenous non-capitalist societies and economies, but also gain the health, wealth, education and life opportunities the modern capitalist world offers. This book brings together examples of attempts to forge locally appropriate versions...

In this article, we consider how states wield shaming strategies to 'be green' and to try to influence other states to 'become green' - environmentally responsible states. We compare Australia-Japan relations in the international politics of whales and tuna, respectively, and show that only at the level of norms and identities, rather than material...

The notion that sustainability rests on three pillars – economic, environmental and social – has been widely accepted since the 1990s. In practice, however, the economic and environmental aspects have tended to dominate the sustainability agenda, and social aspects have been sidelined. Two reasons for this are: 1) there is a lack of data collected...

This article explores ethnic identities in representations of tuna fishing and canning companies in Solomon Islands and Papua New Guinea. One point raised by the analysis is that while national identities in these countries are often disrupted by subnational ethnic identities, strong nationalist discourses pervade representations of these companies...

The Japanese, and other Asians, are increasingly taking over some of the roles previously played by Europeans in the Pacific islands, which is giving rise to interesting new economic relationships, and interesting new interactions between nationalities. This book considers the role of the Japanese in the Solomon Islands, focusing in particular on a...

Tuna fishing and processing industries have brought both a range of economic development and cultural contact opportunities to coastal communities in Pacific Island countries, and a variety of social and environmental challenges. This article outlines the main trends in the tuna industries of the region, examines the aspirations of coastal communit...

Ten sections cover the following topics: an overview of food in Papua New Guinea; staple food production; genetic diversity of food crops; food crop yields; rice production; animal production; rice and wheat imports; fruit and vegetable imports; meat imports; fish imports

The recently released draft New South Wales Mental Health Strategy Document [1] ‘Caring for Mental Health’ has a clearly articulated focus on improving the consumer oriented component of mental health services. This is in line with international and national trends. One approach to delivering such a consumer focus is by actively seeking measures of...

Water has been as important as land in Japanese senses of self and belonging in relation to place.' Scholar Amino Yoshihiko has proposed that ways of life revolving around the sea were at least as influential as wet rice agriculture in the historical development of Japanese cultures, and that Japanese people should be understood as being 'sea folk'...

Neo-liberalism refers to a public policy mix that is market oriented, pro-trade liberalization and advocates minimal state intervention in the economy. Japanese governance has arguably not been based on neo-liberal principles, and some see this as contributing to Japan's long-running recession. In 2001 Prime Minister Koizumi came to power promising...

The Western and Central Pacific Ocean is home to the largest tuna fishery in the world – around half of the world’s tuna supply – and is a vital economic resource for Pacific island countries. The potential of the Pacific tuna fishery to contribute to economic development in the Pacific island countries is enormous, but will require a cooperative...

The Western and Central Pacific Ocean (WCPO) tuna fishery is an important global food resource, and the economies of many Pacific Islands Countries (PICs) rely heavily on tuna industries. This paper proposes that governance by PICs is the key to improving the sustainability and profitability of tuna industries in the region. 'Governance' is usually...

This article proposes that contemporary ethnic subjectivities are shaped by modernist discourses. Ethnographic material about a group of Okinawan fishermen who worked with Solomon Islanders from 1971 to 2000 is used to explore the effect on national identities of being perceived as modern, or primitive. Okinawa is an island group to the south of Ja...

Neoliberalism is a political economy term that refers to a public policy mix that is market oriented, pro trade liberalization and advocates minimal state intervention in the economy. Japanese governance has arguably not been based on neoliberal principles, and some see this as contributing to Japan’s long running recession. Japan’s distant water t...

Tuna is one of the few renewable resources available on a large scale for Pacific island countries, and many countries want to develop onshore value-adding processing to generate more domestic economic development from tuna fisheries in the region. The case of Soltai Fishing and Processing (formerly Solomon Taiyo Ltd) provides many useful lessons a...

Increased interactions between groups of people through modernization may be embraced as mutually enriching or denounced as causing "negative social impacts." This paper is predicated on the assumption that people's perceptions of modernization projects influence their outcomes, because people resist rather than commit to negatively perceived proje...

To describe the psychosocial effect of transferring Canadian Inuit women out of their communities for birth. Semi-structured interviews. Two communities in the central Canadian arctic. Postnatal women and their partners, Inuit community members. Women face many stressors as a result of being transferred from their community for the birth of their b...

Rachel Schurman asserts that changing times in the global tuna industry made the 1970-80s a difficult time for Pacific island countries to realise their dreams of development from the raw materials end of the tuna commodity chain (Schurman 1998). Schurman presents several enterprises as unsuccessful examples, including Solomon Taiyo Ltd (STL). Char...

This article presents the story of the beginning of a movement to improve the perinatal mental health of families in the South Eastern Sydney Area Health Service. The movement is made up of practitioners and consumers who want to improve services. An early initiative was to provide information on appropriate referral procedures for postnatal depres...

The purpose of this paper is to raise awareness and stimulate discussion and research into maternity care options for Aboriginal women living in remote areas of Australia and Canada. These two countries have similar situations in that some communities are so remote that emergency medical care requires the use of aircraft. In addition, both countrie...