Katarzyna Kocur-Bera

University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn · Department of Geoinformation and Cartography

The values of vegetation indices can provide a new source of data for use in the estimation of land to be consolidated. The results of research work carried out so far indicate a significant advantage of low-volume imaging over satellite methods when it comes to calculating vegetation index values. This paper analyses multispectral images for the a...

The stability of energy generation is crucial for the functioning of every country. Currently, the EU policy is moving towards becoming independent of fossil energy sources, which can be replaced with sources that are not exhaustible, for example, energy from the sun. Public awareness of renewable energy is increasing. People are willing to invest...

A growing number of installations for generating energy from renewable sources has provoked an increased response in society. The tendency to support such investments is noticeable. The main actors in the PV market include investors, administrative bodies that issue relevant permits, and communities in locations where such investment projects are p...

Public funding for land consolidation projects is an instrument in the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union (CAP). The execution of systematic land consolidation programmes focused on optimising the spatial structure of agricultural areas presents the possibility of improving agricultural production conditions and maximising the efficie...

Public funding of land consolidation projects is an instrument of the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union (CAP). The execution of systematic land consolidation programmes focused on optimising the spatial structure of agricultural areas presents a possibility to improve agricultural production conditions and maximise the efficiency of...

We would like to invite you to contribute to our upcoming Special Issue of Sustainability titled “Land Consolidation, Land Management and Rural Areas Development in Sustainability”. The Special Issue focuses on original research articles and comprehensive reviews regarding the sustainable development of rural areas in different dimensions. land con...

Land consolidation plays an important role in promoting changes in agricultural land use and ensuring national food security. Moreover, it allows the land structure in rural areas to be built anew. By changing the spatial structure of the countryside, it is also possible to implement water and drainage measures as well as ecological and landscape m...

Consolidation of land is one of the main procedures for optimising agrarian structures and creating a space for sustainable rural development. A specific feature of a land consolidation project is its complexity and multiple aspects. The considerable number of complex operations making up the whole procedure implies the necessity of using specialis...

Estimation of the value of land, underlying the design of constituent plots of the farmstead, is a decisive element of the complex procedure of land consolidation and exchange. Correctly estimated value of agricultural land is a prerequisite for adequate and equitable delimitation of land plots to improve the living conditions of local residents an...

Green energy production has become a common and recognized method of electricity generation. Giving up reliance on non-renewable energy sources is an important trend in the economies of many countries. The paper presents an analysis of the impact of indicators like increased green energy production on the level of vulnerability to climate change. T...

Land surface and environmental data (cadastral data) are extremely important in the functioning of the country and society. Upgrading the data is fundamental. Methods of traditional surveying (TM) or using modern remote data acquisition methods (PhM) are used for this purpose. The aim of the study is to compare the process of upgrading space and en...

Flats/houses in the COVID-19 pandemic era became the central place for living, working, learning, studying and entertainment. According to Maslow’s pyramid, all the basic needs had to be satisfied within a single space, which caused a change in the importance of certain locational and physical features of the flat/house. This study aimed to investi...

Purpose: The paper presents an analysis of changes in the management and use of agricultural land. The comparative study dealt with the state before Poland’s accession to the EU (ex ante) and the state after nearly two decades (ex post). Design/Methodology/Approach: A statistical analysis demonstrated changes in the methods of land use, which was s...

Since the unregulated legal status of land results in the violation of its legal and economic security, intensified land marginalization, a decrease in local government income caused by tax revenue loss and hinders effective real estate management and trade, national governments try to regulate legal rights to real estate. This paper presents an an...

The cadaster functions laid down in the law should guarantee the safety of one’s rights. The reliability of the data gathered in the cadaster affects decisions concerning specific real estate or taken within the sphere of economic management. The legislation often requires the use of cadastral data, which makes it necessary to keep it up-to-date an...

Urban shrinkage has become a common feature for a growing number of European cities and urban regions. Cities in Europe have lost populations during the previous few decades, many of them in the post-communist countries. A similar phenomenon has been observed in smaller units: municipalities and villages. Shrinking towns/municipalities/villages gra...

Flooding is a very dangerous phenomenon, causing both direct and indirect damage. The preventive actions result from the awareness of the danger and consequences of floods. In the affected areas, an important stage of management includes preventing and minimizing losses. The article presents a method for estimating the flood losses using flood haza...

Instruments promoting rural development have been implemented by many countries. Areabased payments for farmers allocated under the Common Agricultural Policy constitute one of such instruments in the European Union. The support system for rural areas, including the size of the declared reference parcels, is monitored as part of the cross-complianc...

The article attempts to determine the effect of perceived flood risk, based on identified flood hazard zones, on the level of activity in the market of land property designated for housing developments in the historical town of Sandomierz, Poland. The study employed graphical, analytical, quantitative methods, and spatial analyses with GIS tools. T...

In response to the need for a sustainable agricultural policy, which would support activities such as decision making in precise agriculture and mitigation of crop threats, a concept agricultural information system was developed for the area of Poland. This innovative concept, called Green Cadastre (GC), proposes to create a uniform system designed...

Today, almost all of civilisation is based on energy. To a large extent, energy is being continuously acquired from non-renewable raw materials deposited in the Earth’s crust. Renewable sources provide alternative, infinite energy resources, particularly solar radiation, wind power and water movement. The Paris Agreement envisages the complete aban...

Progressing climate change poses a major threat to the Earth. According to a UN report, reducing global warming to below 1.5 °C offers hope for maintaining the current quality of human lives and for protecting the environment. The report also points out that there is a prescription for curbing the catastrophic effects of climate change. In order to...

Population growth, economic globalization and the launch of market economy instruments have become the main triggers for processes related to the anthropogenization of space. According to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) statistics, the developed area indication tripled in the last 25 years. Humans keep appropriating mo...

The development the GIS technology and growing access to spatial data encourage greater use of information for various purposes. Users may not be aware that data pertaining to the same fragment of land (in aspect of geometry or description attributes), but acquired from different sources do not always adequately reflect reality. After Poland's acce...

Technological progress in Earth surface observation provides a vast range of information on the land and methods of its use. This enables property owners, users and administrators to monitor the state of the boundaries of the land they own/administer. The land cover, monitored directly on the ground, is not always consistent with the land use enter...

Advanced technologies are entering citizens’ lives, which can be noticed at every turn. Society is becoming increasingly involved in building, creating and planning a city, district or the nearest place of residence. The quality of the functioning of the local community and the quality of life depends, to a large extent, on the level of social part...

The development of modern technologies and accessibility of data on space and the natural environment has led to their increasing use for socio-economic purposes. Data users believe that these systems reflect the reality in the field. This applies in particular to databases used for construction investment projects or as the basis for calculations...

In the current decade, the fact that climate change is a continuous process and that humans have been contributing to this change is indisputable. Therefore, the whole society and the decision-makers who guide the process of application of regional policy principles are facing a challenge as to which measures need to be taken to minimise the conseq...

The concept of sustainable development has a number of definitions. In a general sense, it assumes interdependence and equivalence of three areas of reality: environmental, society and economy. Harmonisation of the relationship between society, economy and environmental requires the development of new, more efficient and environmentally-friendly te...

The attractiveness of agricultural real estate is affected by a number of factors, of which the most important include: location, convenience of access, utilitarian value, spatial configuration, neighbourhood, agricultural culture, and level of crop difficulty. The attractiveness is related to spatial order. Indicators for the assessment of spatial...

The Land Parcel Identification System (LPIS), a key control mechanism under the Common Agricultural Policy, plays a very important role in verifying eligibility for area-based subsidies, monitoring farmers’ cross-compliance with selected environmental rules, and rural development programs (agri-environmental programs, support for areas with unfavor...

Rural areas have multiple functions. Four key functions can be identified in a synthetic approach: economic, environmental, social and cultural. Multidirectional rural development is strongly influenced by spatial attributes, demographics, environmental factors, infrastructure and capital. Multidirectional development is closely associated with the...

Ongoing climate change was first noticed by the public a few decades ago. The factual occurrence of such a change and its impact on the space were confirmed by both results of scientific research and economic assessments carried out for a variety of economic purposes. The economic sectors whose activities are based on natural weather conditions are...

Vulnerability index describes, in the form of a numerical indicator, the vulnerability of rural areas to financial losses resulting from extreme weather events. The index can also be used for the management, planning and administration of a space. A sensitivity analysis is a technique used to determine the response of the index under study to a cha...

The main aim of the study is to analyse the maps and projects which inform us about locations at risk of extreme weather events and other hazards to the space. In the last decade, research into hazards has become an area of interest to many projects under implementation. During their implementation, a lot of information with a different scope, accu...

In recent years, the economic situation in rural areas has changed a lot. Poland’s accession to the European Union opened up a lot of possibilities for agricultural farms. Thanks to the implemented Union projects such as the Rural Development Programme 2007–2013 (RDP 2007–2013), the Human Capital Operational Programme 2007–2013 (HCOP 2007–2013), an...

Efekt cieplarniany powodowany przez emisję do atmosfery gazów cieplarnianych wpływa na zachodzące zmiany klimatyczne i jednocześnie jest jedną z przyczyn zwiększania się liczby zjawisk ekstremalnych na Ziemi. W Polsce także zauważalna jest zmiana liczby zjawisk o charakterze ekstremów, jak ulewne deszcze, intensywne opady śniegu, silne wiatry i poż...

The main aim of this study was to identify the factors that drive the prices of agricultural property after Poland's accession to EU in regions where agriculture is the predominant mode of production. A statistical model of real estate prices was developed based on the conducted transactions. The key determinants of agricultural property prices wer...

Agricultural production, which takes place in rural areas, is the sector of the economy, which is the most dependent on the natural conditions of weather. The climate changes, which are taking place, and the extreme phenomena, which are their consequence, affect precisely these areas the most. The content of the present work is the exploration of t...

Any activities aimed at rural area development should not disregard the inhabitants who are "the tools" that implement given mechanisms. To a large extent, the effectiveness of social activities is determined by the participants’ expectations towards the projects and their knowledge of the subject. Land consolidation projects are the ideal tools fo...

For several reasons, rural areas in Poland developed much more slowly than urban areas, and to a large extent, they have been neglected. The situation was much improved after Poland’s accession to the EU, with continuous flow of funds for the development of agriculture. These actions facilitated faster development of such areas, while the structure...

Trees and other vegetation, called "roadside vegetation", are found along a road lane and have different functions. This paper provides the analysis of the impact of vegetation on water erosion, winter conditions, visibility of formation line, glare effect, inhibition of energy, wind strength, presence of animal habitats and creation of specific mi...

Rural areas have vast potential for development, which can be attributed to their diversity. This potential remains untapped, and it should be identified and mobilized locally to promote development at the regional and national level. The one-size-fits-all approach to analyzing rural areas and the agricultural sector should be abandoned in favor of...

Intensive exploitation of coastal and maritime areas, together with climate changes, natural hazards and erosion, have increased pressure on coastal and maritime resources. They require integrated and consistent management in order to ensure sustainable development and to preserve coastal and marine ecosystems for future generations. Spatial develo...

GIS software is the essential tool for the performance of spatial planning tasks. The type of software used depends on many factors. Being aware of the possibilities offered by a GIS environment is of prime importance. However, this awareness is not based on the ability to use a given tool but on the understanding of the concept of geographic infor...

The monograph presents directions and trends of real estate management in the rural areas in Poland and in Norway. Changes and transformation of the spatial structure of agricultural farms have been intensively developed since the Polish accession to the European Union. Real estate management in rural areas covers technical, procedural and legal as...

Environmental protection regulations influence the use of real property. Land located within the borders of a national park or nature reserve is subject to partial or total restriction on development by construction, as well as, amongst others, business, trade, manufacturing or agricultural activities. Such areas are also subject to landscape prote...

This paper discusses the issue of statistical analysis of traffic flow in different regions of Poland. Such analysis al-lows us to identify "valuable (sensitive) areas" whose dam-age or blockage may provoke considerable disturbances or even stoppage of traffic flow in the examined road network. The results of the studies indicate that the road netw...

The issues related to storage and elimination of obsolete pesticides concern all developing countries. Eastern Europe is the region with their largest stocks in the world. In Poland, the problem with obsolete pesticides has its roots in history. Storage sites and containers in which obsolete pesticides were deposited posed, or still continue to pos...

The management of urban and community space requires decisions and measures that deliver economic and financial stability, guarantee the safe use of public property (including technical infrastructure devices), prevent deterioration of property, support investments and other types of activity. Spatial management should not be regarded as an isolate...

The aim of spatial economy is to protect specific attributes of space and to ensure rational spatial planning by stimulating economic processes. Protective activities are initiated to maintain a balance between natural and anthropogenic elements of the environment. Comprehensive land consolidation, also known as full land consolidation, is a measur...

In Poland there are no uniform regulations and legal norms establishing the principles of space assessment aimed at determining the demand for land consolidation works. The article is an attempt to answer the following question: what factors are important today in determining the demand for this kind of works? http://matrix.ur.krakow.pl/~isig/gll/...

GIS software is the essential tool for the performance of spatial planning tasks. The type of software used depends on many factors. Being aware of the possibilities offered by a GIS environment is of prime importance. However, this awareness is not based on the ability to use a given tool but on the understanding of the concept of geographic infor...

Małe gospodarstwa rolne występują na całym świecie, a ilość ich jest szacowana na poziomie 85 % liczby wszystkich gospodarstw. Celem opracowania jest ustalenie definicji małego gospodarstwa rolnego. W artykule przeanalizowano literaturę krajową i zagraniczną, by sformułować możliwie wyczerpującą definicję małego gospodarstwa. Ustalono także liczbę...

W artykule podjęto temat związany z próbą identyfikacji istniejących za-grożeń występujących na obszarach wiejskich. Termin „obszary wiejskie" przyjmuje różne definicje. Dla celów artykułu wzięto pod uwagę tę, która wskazuje, iż są to obszary poza granicami administracyjnymi miast. W artykule wykorzystano metodę analizy piśmiennictwa oraz indywidua...

The main aim of the study was to analyse the possibilities of increasing the market value of a property through various activities. Such activities referred to in the literature as “value based management” and are commonly applied in enterprise management. In the case of properties, this system is based on the appropriate identification of factors...