Karoly Nemeth

Massey University · School of Agriculture and Environment

Spatial scale in modeling is one of the most important aspects of any kind of assessment. This study utilized previously studied assessments of geodiversity through a qualitative–quantitative methodology for geosite recognition. Our methodology was developed based on geodiversity as a complex description of all elements of abiotic nature and proces...

During Earth’s history, geosphere-biosphere interactions were often determined by momentary, catastrophic changes such as large explosive volcanic eruptions. The Miocene ignimbrite flare-up in the Pannonian Basin, which is located along a complex convergent plate boundary between Europe and Africa, provides a superb example of this interaction. In...

We describe volcanic inverted relief sites around the world, making a comparative analysis of those most significant sites found from literature and our own search on imagery and global topographic maps. Over fifty significant areas of volcanic inverted relief were found. The comparative analysis is based on geoscience values defined by the main ge...

The assessment of geodiversity is a relatively new field of research connecting abiotic aspects of nature to the wider environment. The study of geodiversity is still in development, so a uniform and complete paradigm remains to be defined. Therefore, an assessment of geodiversity may be highly dependent on the nature of the territory subject to st...

Effusion rate is the instantaneous lava flow output by a vent. It is one of the most important factors that govern the emplacement and dynamics of lava flows and can be determined by direct measurements or estimated through modeling. The Negros de Aras monogenetic volcanic field, located in the Central Volcanic Zone of the Andes, is the largest vol...

The Negros de Aras monogenetic volcanic field in the Central Volcanic Zone of the Andes displays the highest concentration of scoria cones in northern Chile (0.23 per km²). It contains 66 vents, 22 of which are emission points of lava flows without an associated recognizable volcanic edifice, whereas 44 are typical scoria cones. Most vents are asso...

The increase in geoheritage studies has secured recognition globally regarding the importance of abiotic natural features. Prominent in geoheritage screening practices follows a multicriteria assessment framework; however, the complexity of interest in values often causes decision making to overlook geoeducation, one of the primary facets of geosys...

Understanding the relationship cause/effect between tectonic earthquakes and volcanic eruptions is a striking topic in Earth Sciences. Volcanoes erupt with variable reaction times as a consequence of the impact of seismic waves (i.e. dynamic stress) and changes in the stress field (i.e. static stress). In 2012, three large (Mw ≥ 7.3) subduction ear...

Arc magmas typically contain phenocrysts with complex zoning and diverse growth histories. Microlites highlight the same level of intracrystalline variations but require nanoscale resolution which is globally less available. The southern Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ), New Zealand, has produced a wide range of explosive eruptions yielding glassy microli...

In volcanically active regions, the process, volume and timescale of the production, transport, and accumulation of sediments are not exclusively determined by climatic and tectonic processes. Volcaniclastic sediments can be produced and incorporated into background sedimentary systems through volcano-sedimentary processes with greatly variable tem...

This research presents a literature review of published scientific literature on the Coromandel Peninsula, a well-known region of the northern part of the North Island of New Zealand. It contains many biological, geological, and historical features and is well known for beautiful scenery, resulting from a volcanic rock-dominated terrestrial environ...

Structural hydroxyl content of volcanic quartz phenocrysts was investigated with unpolarized Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The phenocrysts originated from five pyroclastic fallout deposits from the Bükk Foreland Volcanic Area (BFVA), Hungary, and two from the AD 1314 Kaharoa eruption (KH eruption), Okataina Volcanic Complex (Taupo Volcan...

The article demonstrates a method for quantitative-qualitative geodiversity assessment based on core elements of abiotic nature (geology and geomorphology) according to a proposed weight multiplied by the area of spread through the studied region. The territory of the Coromandel Peninsula was selected as a case study due to its diverse geology and...

Both Savai’i Island and Upolu Island of Samoa are home to numerous potential geosites that could form the basis of geopark projects at a range of scales from local, regional, or global. During the Samoa Geoparks Project Phase 1, intensive research identified Samoa’s geoheritage values, resulting in the selection of the island of Savai’i as a locati...

Volcanic lakes pose specific hazards inherent to the presence of water: phreatic and phreatomagmatic eruptions, lahars, limnic gas bursts and dispersion of brines in the hydrological network. Here we introduce the updated, interactive and open-access database for African volcanic lakes, country by country. The previous database VOLADA (VOlcanic LAk...

An integrated stratigraphic, sedimentological, volcanological, and geochemical studies were conducted for the first time on the eruptive products of the Marssous volcano, Bahariya Depression, Western Desert, Egypt. The rarity of complex volcanological studies in the west Red Sea rift makes these investigated volcanoes important as they offer a clue...

Understanding the cause/effect relationship between tectonic earthquakes and volcanic eruptions is a striking topic in Earth Sciences. Volcanoes may erupt due to the impact of seismic waves (i.e. dynamic stress) and changes in the stress field (i.e. static stress) with variable reaction times. In 2012, three large ( M w ≥7.3) subduction earthquakes...

Geoheritage is an important aspect in developing workable strategies for natural hazard resilience. This is reflected in the UNESCO IGCP Project (# 692. Geoheritage for Geohazard Resilience) that continues to successfully develop global awareness of the multifaced aspects of geoherit-age research. Geohazards form a great variety of natural phenomen...

Geological resources are basic elements that have shaped both the course of human history and characteristics of human society. Protection of their imprint on our landscapes underlies the field of nature conservation known as geoconservation. Explicitly from 1991—when the term “geoheritage” was used at the First International Symposium on the Conse...

Ordination methods are used in ecological multivariate statistics in order to reduce the number of dimensions and arrange individual variables along environmental variables. Geoheritage designation is a new challenge for conservation planning. Quantification of geoheritage to date is used explicitly for site selection, however, it also carries sign...

Mafic volcanic rocks are typically formed by primitive magmas (MgO >8 wt%) and are evidence of both a rapid magma ascent from the source and a negligible differentiation en route to the surface. Thus, mafic rocks on Earth are relatively close in composition to the primary magma. These rocks are common in intraplate and extensional tectonic environm...

The Kamo Volcanic Field (KVF), a partly preserved Quaternary volcanic sequence of three small-volume basaltic volcanoes located about 10 km northwest of the Aira caldera in the Kagoshima graben in southwestern Kyushu, Japan. It forms part of the volcanic arc of Japan and consists of the Late Pleistocene Aojiki volcano and two Holo�cene maars: Sumiy...

Cerro Overo maar and La Albóndiga lava dome are two independent monogenetic volcanoes located in the Central Volcanic Zone of the Andes in northern Chile, close to the active Lascar and Chiliques volcanoes. Cerro Overo maar was formed <77 ka ago by explosive-effusive eruptions, including phreatomagmatic activity, while La Albóndiga lava dome (Pleis...

The Tilocálar volcanic complex comprises four monogenetic volcanoes located at the southeastern edge of the Salar de Atacama Basin, northern Chile. These monogenetic volcanic centers are the Tilocálar Norte lava, the El Maní dome, the Tilocálar Sur small–lava shield, and the Tilocálar Sur maar, respectively, and were formed between 460 ± 50 ka to <...

Detailed investigation of a Lower Miocene Plinian pyroclastic sequence that crops out in the Bükk Foreland Volcanic Area (BFVA) in Northern Hungary is presented here. The studied eruptive products are part of a ca. 50 metres thick pyroclastic succession comprising of a basal ignimbrite that is covered by stratified pyroclastic unit including a topm...

Long‐lived stratovolcanoes display a thick volcanic apron surrounding the edifice. This sedimentary succession incorporates the majority of the deposits from both growth and destruction phases of a volcanic massif. The ring plain of Taranaki Volcano (>200 ka) is composed of volcaniclastic mass‐flow deposits that are exceptionally well‐exposed along...

Motuoapa Peninsula, located in the southeast of the Taupo Volcanic Centre, New Zealand, is dominated by a silicic pyroclastic cone and overlaying lavas. The pyroclastic succession has not been recognised and studied before, and its thickness and sedimentological characteristics indicate completely different eruption mechanisms than proposed for the...

Abstract The Kamo Volcanic Field (KVF), a partly preserved Quaternary volcanic sequence of three small-volume basaltic volcanoes located about 10 km northwest of the Aira caldera in the Kagoshima graben in southwestern Kyushu, Japan. It forms part of the volcanic arc of Japan and consists of the Late Pleistocene Aojiki volcano and two Holocene maa...

Maar volcanoes are monogenetic landforms whose craters cut below the pre-eruptive surface and are surrounded by a tephra ring. Both the maar crater and the surrounding tephra rim deposits are typically formed due to magma–water explosive interactions. Northern Chile is located in the Central Volcanic Zone of the Andes where, in literature, 14 maars...

Monogenetic volcanism produces small eruptive volumes with short eruption history, different chemical compositions, and relatively simple conduit. The Central Volcanic Zone of the Andes is internationally known as a natural laboratory to study volcanism, where mafic and felsic products are present. In this contribution, the spectrum of architecture...

Cerro Tujle is an isolated Quaternary maar located 21 km south-east of the Salar de Atacama basin. It is situated at 3,554 m a.s.l., on the top of the Cordón de Tujle ridge forming a north-south striking morphological element in the Central Volcanic Zone of the Andes, in northern Chile. The material erupted at Cerro Tujle lies over the Tucúcaro Ign...

The study of monogenetic volcanism around Earth is rapidly growing due to the increasing recognition of monogenetic volcanic edifices in different tectonic settings. Far from the idea that this type of volcanism is both typically mafic and characteristic from intraplate environments, it occurs in a wide spectrum of composition and geological settin...

The Manawatu and Wairarapa regions, lower North Island, are an important geological archive for New Zealand but are not among the iconic geotourism attractions of New Zealand. Recently the geoheritage values of the region have been discussed by various groups including Massey University and Horizons Regional Council with an aim to promote the regio...

The Arxan-Chaihe Volcanic Field, Inner Mongolia, NE China is a Pleistocene to Recent volcanic field still considered to be active. In this chapter we provide an update of current volcanological research conducted in the last four years to describe the volcanic architecture of the identified vents, their eruptive history and potential volcanic hazar...

Valószínűleg nincs olyan magyar ember, aki ne ismerné fel bárhol, bármikor a Badacsony sziluettjét. A Balaton partján sétálva, vagy egy hajó fedélzetéről nézve mindenki százszor, sőt ezerszer megcso-dálta már a Balaton-felvidék bazaltvulkánjainak jól ismert, jellegzetes formáit. Nincs ezzel másképp a kutató sem: a környék első természet-tudományos...

El País is a monogenetic lava flow field located 16 km southeast of Peine town in the Altiplano-Puna area, Antofagasta region, Chile. It is a monogenetic lava flow field with lava flows of small-to-moderate volumes, which are fed from individual point sources unassociated with a central volcano of large-volume (stratovolcano) typical of the Andean...

Areas of noble, rare metal and polymetallic mineralization and hydrocarbon fields on the Southern Kuril Islands and Sakhalin, in the Okhotsk Sea are located above deep fault zones in the oceanic lithosphere. Such fracture zones, including the Nosappu (Tuskarora), Iturup and Urup transform faults, are known at the southwestern end of the Kuril–Kamch...

Re-imagining the geotourism experience through the lens of slow tourism, in this paper we lay out a pathway towards a more nourishing, engaging, and educational experience that contributes to both geoconservation and a reshaping of the tourism economy in light of recent disruption caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. Evidence suggests that to date, and...

To assess whether magma ascent rates control the style of volcanic eruption, we have studied the petrography, geochemistry and size distribution of microlites of plagioclase and pyroxene from historical eruptions from Tongariro, Ruapehu and Ngauruhoe volcanoes located in the southern Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand. The studied deposits represent...

Cenozoic geological evolution of New Zealand centres around the formation of Zealandia, a new continent that became detached from the eastern margin of Gondwana around 105 Ma. Spreading opened the Tasman Sea leaving a fragment of continental lithosphere, largely submerged, in the SW Pacific. Throughout the Cenozoic history, volcanism became an inte...

We explore how volcanic hazards in a silicic volcanism-dominated caldera systems can be assessed by spatial and spatio-temporal statistical models using similar treatment to applied to dispersed mafic monogenetic volcanic fields. The central part of the Taupo Volcanic Zone is an ideal location for such study, containing more than 300 small to mediu...

A Middle Miocene, ~8 m thick pyroclastic succession, reported from the Bükk Foreland Volcanic Area (BFVA) in Northern Hungary (Central Europe) specified here as the Jató Member, was produced by silicic phreatomagmatism (Phreatoplinian sensu lato). Two well-preserved outcrops ~8 km apart and inferred to be within ~10–50 km from source represent the...

En México, sólo hay dos informes que describen la presencia de Erionitas: uno en Agua Prieta, Sonora, y otra entre las ciudades de Juventino Rosas y Guanajuato. Hasta el momento no ha habido informes de problemas de salud asociados con cualquiera de estos depósitos; sin embargo, el riesgo existe. Alrededor del 80.5% de los casos de mesotelioma en...

Auckland Volcanic Field (AVF) is a basaltic intraplate volcanic field in North Island, New Zealand, upon which >1.6 million people live. Seismic velocity tomography and geochemistry suggest a primary mantle source region at a depth of 70–90 km. Geochemical analysis indicates a range of magma compositions, and that melts ascend with little crustal i...

Geoheritage is now a globally recognized natural conservation strategy built on a research and science-based framework. We suggest that to date in New Zealand, mainstream approaches to conservation, protection, and tourism have poorly served our unique geoheritage landscapes and features. The two locations presented as cases in this paper represent...

Hydrovolcanism is a type of volcanism where magma and water interact either explosively or non-explosively. The less frequently used term, hydromagmatism, includes all the processes responsible for magma and water interaction in a magmatic system. Hydrovolcanism is commonly used as a synonym for phreatomagmatism. However, in recent years phreatomag...

The Tongariro Volcanic Centre (TgVC), located at the southern end of the Taupo Volcanic Zone in New Zealand, has produced historical explosive eruptions of different eruptive styles. To understand magma ascent processes and their associated timescales, the textures and compositions of microlites and micro-phenocrysts from glass shards (c. 12 ka BP...

Detailed volcano-stratigraphy and 40Ar/39Ar dating are used for the first time to reconstruct the eruptive evolution of the Alchichica maar and to contribute to the understanding of maar volcanism within the eastern TransMexican Volcanic Belt (TMVB). The maar excavated in an area where previous eruptions included Hawaiian, Strombolian, and phreatom...

The Puketerata Volcanic Complex formed as a result of a series of rhyolitic eruptions along a 2.5 km long NE-trending eruptive fissure at the southern margin of Maroa Volcanic Centre (Whakamaru caldera) at 16.5 ka. Initial deep-seated explosions were excavated and widen the pre-existing volcanic structures associated to earlier basaltic activity. T...

We describe the Late Pliocene paleoenvironment and paleoclimate of the Pula fossil site of the western Pannonian Basin, Hungary, which occurs within a lacustrine succession deposited in a volcanic crater (maar). Radiometric dating of adjacent volcanic bodies hosting the fossil-bearing sedimentary assemblages gives an age of 4.25 ± 0.17 Ma (K-Ar). T...

To assess how magma ascent rates control the style of volcanic eruption, we have studied microlites from historical eruptions from the Tongariro Volcanic Centre, New Zealand, ranging in age from 11,000 years BP to 1996, and covering a range of eruption styles from Strombolian to Plinian. Petrographic analysis shows that larger microlites display co...

Volcanic ring-plain deposits record sedimentary successions of long-lived stratovolcanoes. The ring-plain of the >130 ka Mt. Taranaki is composed of volcaniclastic (mass flow) deposits that are well-exposed along its coastal-cliff shoreline. The volcanic successions contained within the ring-plain record a cyclic behaviour of growth and destruction...

Andesitic stratovolcanoes are characterized by cycles of cone growth interspersed by periods of cone collapse. The long-term record of the evolution of their magmatic system is mainly preserved in the deposits of the ring-plain surrounding an active cone. Taranaki volcano in northern New Zealand provides an unusually detailed example of these proce...

A short analysis about the representation of basaltic area in geological maps (1) from the mid-19th century and (2) nowadays, both in extents and mapping accuracy.

The Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ) is one of the most productive silicic volcanic regions on Earth, and was established about 2 Ma due to the oblique subduction of Hikurangi Plateau of Pacific Plate at the southern end of the Tonga-Kermadec arc (Fig. 1). Its estimated mass magma output of 4000 km3 is dominated by 12 caldera-forming eruptions in the past...

Monogenetic volcanism produces small volume volcanoes with a wide range of eruptive styles, lithological features and geomorphic architectures (Németh and Kereszturi, 2015). Scoria cones, also known as cinder cones, are formed by the accumulation of tephra due to periodic mild explosive eruptions of mafic to intermediate magma. They are characteriz...