Karl Svozil

Karl Svozil
TU Wien | TU Wien · Institute of Theoretical Physics

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371
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3,642
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Publications

Publications (371)
Preprint
Chromatic quantum contextuality is a criterion for quantum nonclassicality rooted in the coloring constraints of hypergraphs. By examining the 3-uniform Yu-Oh hypergraph -- a configuration of quantum observables -- we prove its chromatic number exceeds the classical three-color limit. This result establishes chromatic contextuality as a distinct fo...
Preprint
This study presents the quantum Moebius-Escher-Penrose hypergraph, drawing inspiration from paradoxical constructs such as the Moeobius strip and Penrose's `impossible objects'. The hypergraph is constructed using faithful orthogonal representations in Hilbert space, thereby embedding the graph within a quantum framework. Additionally, a quasi-clas...
Preprint
The transition from unitary, reversible von Neumann-Everett quantum processes to non-unitary, irreversible processes and measurements is explored through infinite tensor products interpreted as nested, chained, or iterated Wigner's friend scenarios. Infinite tensor products can disrupt unitary equivalence through sectorization and factorization, dr...
Article
Full-text available
All quantum random number generators based on measuring value indefinite observables are at least three-dimensional because the Kochen–Specker Theorem and the Located Kochen–Specker Theorem are false in dimension two. In this article, we construct quantum random number generators based on measuring a three-dimensional value indefinite observable th...
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Full-text available
Space-time in quantum mechanics is about bridging Hilbert and configuration space. Thereby, an entirely new perspective is obtained by replacing the Newtonian space-time theater with the image of a presumably high-dimensional Hilbert space, through which space-time becomes an epiphenomenon construed by internal observers.
Preprint
Full-text available
All quantum random number generators based on measuring value indefinite observables are at least three-dimensional because the Kochen-Specker Theorem and the Located Kochen-Specker Theorem are false in dimension two. In this article, we construct quantum random number generators based on measuring a three-dimensional value indefinite observable th...
Article
We introduce a contextual quantum system comprising mutually complementary observables organized into two or more collections of pseudocontexts with the same probability sums of outcomes. These pseudocontexts constitute nonorthogonal bases within the Hilbert space, featuring a state-independent sum of probabilities. In other words, regardless of th...
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Full-text available
In this article, we investigate classical simulations of quantum-type probabilities and correlations that defy Boole’s conditions of possible experience, specifically the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality, and even surpass the Tsirelson bound. We demonstrate that such violations can be achieved by encoding a single bit to communicate the measur...
Chapter
A physicalistic argument can support the idea that cognition is an emergent property driven by dissipation. This argument suggests that cognition arises not from any fiat desire to understand the world, but rather because a certain type of cognition promotes dissipation, which is advantageous for agents seeking to increase the dissipation of resour...
Preprint
Space-time in quantum mechanics is about bridging Hilbert and configuration space. Thereby, an entirely new perspective is obtained by replacing the Newtonian space-time theater with the image of a presumably high-dimensional Hilbert space, through which space-time becomes an epiphenomenon construed by internal observers.
Chapter
Cargo cults developed in traditional societies in the Pacific region in response to the introduction of Western technology and material goods. These cults involve the belief that spirits or deities will bring valuable cargo, such as manufactured goods, food, and resources, to believers. The cargo is often incomprehensible to these societies and is...
Chapter
As the number of UFO sightings increased, so did public interest and media attention. This led to the formation of organizations dedicated to collecting and investigating these events. This chapter covers some of the most compelling and well-documented cases of UFO sightings, as well as some dramatic anecdotes.
Chapter
The Nimitz encounter was an event that took place in November 2004 and involved a strange encounter between US Navy pilots and an unknown aerial object. The USS Princeton, part of the Nimitz Carrier Strike Group, had been tracking strange aircraft for two weeks prior to the incident and reported that the objects would appear at high altitudes, then...
Chapter
It is conjectured that in 1948, after Project Sign in the USA, a secret program was initiated that focused on advanced topics such as anti-gravity and spaceship development. Meanwhile, Project Grudge and later Project Blue Book were publicly promoted as attempts to downplay the significance of these findings and mislead the public. The individuals...
Chapter
There have been numerous reported cases of alien encounters and abductions throughout history. Many individuals claim to have been taken aboard an extraterrestrial spacecraft and subjected to various experiments, procedures, or observations. These experiences have been described by many as life-changing events, causing a dramatic shift in their att...
Chapter
In this speculative and possibly fictional chapter, the authenticity of two crash retrieval accounts is uncertain: Corso’s alleged experiences with the Roswell incident and beyond and the alleged notes taken by Eric Davis from a meeting with Admiral Wilson. These accounts, akin to Rosetta stones, are used to understand the relationship between the...
Chapter
This chapter provides an overview of the perceived flight characteristics of Unidentified Flying Objects (UFOs) or Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAPs) based on reports from various sources. These characteristics include the ability to rapidly change direction and speed, a total lack of noise or humming sounds, strange shapes and structures, and di...
Chapter
The idea of disclosing information about extraterrestrial life may need to be reevaluated, as their motivations may not align with ours and they may have advanced technology that could lead to our subjugation. This can be compared to the historical conversation known as the Melian Dialog, which explores power and justice in international relations....
Chapter
Here we present a selection of visual photographs depicting alleged UFO sightings, all of which are currently consistent with the hypothesis that they depict a craft not associated with any known human origin.
Chapter
Fermi’s well-known inquiry, “Where is everybody?,” can be explored in the context of the distribution of civilizations within a galactic framework. Some people speculate that, even though it is not officially recognized or proven by science, “they” (i.e., extraterrestrial life) may already be present on Earth. The Zoo Hypothesis suggests that these...
Chapter
As I do not know what actually happened, I will present three scenarios: (i) One in which no alien intrusion occurred but waves of mass hysteria created mistaken UFO sightings, with governments everywhere trying to calm their populations, dealing with an avalanche of reports, and a press that sells sensational cases. (ii) Another scenario involves...
Chapter
The study of unidentified flying objects has a long history, stretching back to ancient times. Throughout history, people have reported sightings of mysterious aerial phenomena, including luminous discs, elongated objects, and glowing shields. These sightings have often been interpreted through religious or cultural lenses and have been used to leg...
Chapter
Trinity—the code name of the explosion of a nuclear weapon that was ignited at 5:29 a.m. on July 16, 1945, at 33.67722° N longitude (-)106.47527°degree W latitude, located 210 miles south of Los Alamos, New Mexico, on the plains of the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF or AAF) Alamogordo Bombing Range known as the Jornada del Muerto—was a turnin...
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Full-text available
Functional epistemology is about ways to access functional objects by using varieties of methods and procedures. Not all such means are equally capable of reproducing these functions in the desired consistency and resolution. Dyson’s argument against the perturbative expansion of quantum field theoretic terms, in a radical form (never pursued by Dy...
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Full-text available
We review some semantical aspects of probability bounds from Boole’s “conditions on possible experience” violated by quantum mechanics. We also speculate about emerging space-time categories as an epiphenomenon of quantization and the resulting breakdown of relativity theory by non-unitary and non-linear processes.
Preprint
We review some semantical aspects of probability bounds from Boole's "conditions on possible experience" violated by quantum mechanics. We also speculate about emerging space-time categories as an epiphenomenon of quantization and the resulting breakdown of relativity theory by non-unitary and non-linear processes.
Preprint
We review some semantical aspects of probability bounds from Boole’s “conditions on possible experience” violated by quantum mechanics. We also speculate about emerging space-time categories as an epiphenomenon of quantization and the resulting breakdown of relativity theory by non-unitary and non-linear processes.
Article
In this paper we consider the possibility of a Quantum Molinism: such a view applies an analogue of the Molinistic account of free will‘s compatibility with God’s foreknowledge to God’s knowledge of (supposedly) indeterministic events at a quantum level. We ask how (and why) a providential God could care for and know about a world with this kind of...
Preprint
Some forms of classical simulations of quantum type probabilities and correlations are capable of violating Boole's conditions of possible experience, such as the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality, even beyond the Tsirelson bound. This can be achieved by communicating a single bit encoding the measurement context.
Preprint
I am reporting here how professor Cristian Sorin Calude, henceforth called Cris, became involved in the "Mosquito incident". More generally, the relationship between the single individual vis-a-vis the state or collective is reviewed, with special emphasis to need-(not)-to-know secrets.
Article
Full-text available
Kolmogorov’s axioms of probability theory are extended to conditional probabilities among distinct (and sometimes intertwining) contexts. Formally, this amounts to row stochastic matrices whose entries characterize the conditional probability to find some observable (postselection) in one context, given an observable (preselection) in another conte...
Preprint
Functional epistemology is about ways to access functional objects, either conceptualized by ontology or nominalism, by some operational algorithmic means. Not all such means are equally capable of reproducing these functions in the desired consistency and resolution. Dyson's argument against the perturbative expansion of quantum field theoretic te...
Article
Different analytic notions of contextuality fall into two major groups: probabilistic and strong notions of contextuality. Kochen and Specker's demarcation Theorem 0 [1] is a criterion for differentiating between those groups. Whereas probabilistic contextuality still allows classical models, albeit with nonclassical probabilities, the logico-algeb...
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Full-text available
The Householder transformation, allowing a rewrite of probabilities into expectations of dichotomic observables, is generalized in terms of its spectral decomposition. The dichotomy is modulated by allowing more than one negative eigenvalue or by abandoning binaries altogether, yielding generalized operator-valued arguments for contextuality. We al...
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Full-text available
Criteria for the completion of an incomplete basis of, or context in, a four-dimensional Hilbert space by (in)decomposable vectors are given. This, in particular, has consequences for the task of ``completing'' one or more bases or contexts of a (hyper)graph: find a complete faithful orthogonal representation (aka coordinatization) of a hypergraph...
Article
Full-text available
The Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) argument against noncontextual local hidden variables is recast in quantum logical terms of fundamental propositions, states and probabilities. Unlike Kochen–Specker- and Hardy-like configurations, this operator based argument proceeds within four nonintertwining contexts. The nonclassical performance of the GH...
Preprint
Measurements of a wide variety of aerial phenomena such as drones, birds, planes, and other aerial objects can in principle be obtained from open access radio detection and ranging equipment. Passive strategies involve existing cell towers as transmitters and cell phones as receivers. Another active possibility is the creation of a multistatic, pos...
Chapter
The expression of human art, and supposedly sentient art in general, is modulated by the available rendition, receiving and communication techniques. The components or instruments of these techniques ultimately exhibit a physical, in particular, quantum layer, which in turn translates into physical and technological capacities to comprehend and uti...
Preprint
The Householder transformation, allowing a rewrite of probabilities into expectations of dichotomic observables, is generalized in terms of its spectral decomposition. Dichotomy is modulated by allowing more than one negative eigenvalues, or by abandoning it altogether, yielding generalized operator valued arguments for contextuality. We also discu...
Article
Full-text available
In this speculative analysis, interdimensionality is introduced as the (co)existence of universes embedded into larger ones. These interdimensional universes may be isolated or intertwined, suggesting a variety of interdimensional intrinsic phenomena that can only be understood in terms of the outer, extrinsic reality.
Preprint
In this speculative analysis, interdimensionality is introduced as the (co)existence of universes embedded into larger ones. These interdimensional universes may be isolated or intertwined, suggesting a variety of interdimensional intrinsic phenomena that can only be understood in terms of the outer, extrinsic reality.
Preprint
The expression of human art, and supposedly sentient art in general, is modulated by the available rendition, receiving and communication techniques. The components or instruments of these techniques ultimately exhibit a physical, in particular, quantum layer, which in turn translates into physical and technological capacities to comprehend and uti...
Article
Full-text available
The Suppes-Zanotti inequalities involving the joint expectations of just three binary quantum observables are (re-)derived by the hull computation of the respective correlation polytope. A min-max calculation reveals its maximal quantum violations correspond to a generalized Tsirelson bound. Notions of “contextuality” motivated by such violations a...
Preprint
We discuss chromatic constructions on orthogonality hypergraphs which are classical set representable or have a faithful orthogonal representation. The latter ones have a quantum mechanical realization in terms of intertwined contexts or maximal observables. Structure reconstruction of these hypergraphs from their table of two-valued states is poss...
Article
Full-text available
We discuss chromatic constructions on orthogonality hypergraphs which are classical set representable or have a faithful orthogonal representation. The latter ones have a quantum mechanical realization in terms of intertwined contexts or maximal observables. Structure reconstruction of these hypergraphs from their table of two-valued states is poss...
Article
Full-text available
If quantum mechanics is taken for granted, the randomness derived from it may be vacuous or even delusional, yet sufficient for many practical purposes. "Random" quantum events are intimately related to the emergence of both space-time as well as the identification of physical properties through which so-called objects are aggregated. We also prese...
Preprint
The notion of "contextuality" in terms of nonclassical (paradoxical) properties of probability distributions is refined by concentrating on the nonclassical logico-algebraic structures of the observables supporting such probabilities. These structures often, but not always, induce and are reflected by nonclassical properties of the probability dist...
Preprint
If quantum mechanics is taken for granted the randomness derived from it may be vacuous or even delusional, yet sufficient for many practical purposes. "Random" quantum events are intimately related to the emergence of both space-time as well as the identification of physical properties through which so-called objects are aggregated. We also presen...
Article
Full-text available
In quantum logical terms, Hardy-type arguments can be uniformly presented and extended as collections of intertwined contexts and their observables. If interpreted classically, those structures serve as graph-theoretic “gadgets” that enforce correlations on the respective preselected and postselected observable terminal points. The method allows th...
Preprint
The Suppes-Zanotti inequalities involving the joint expectations of just three binary quantum observables are (re-)derived by the hull computation of the respective correlation polytope. A min-max calculation reveals its maximal quantum violations correspond to a generalized Tsirelson bound. Notions of "contextuality" motivated by such violations a...
Preprint
Quantum physical resources are directional quantities that can be formalized by unit vectors or the associated orthogonal projection operators. When compared to classical computational states which are elements of (power) sets vector computations offer (dis)advantages.
Preprint
Criteria for the completion of a given incomplete basis of, or context in, a four-dimensional Hilbert space by (in)decomposable vectors are specified.
Article
Full-text available
Partition logics often allow a dual probabilistic interpretation: a classical one for which probabilities lie on the convex hull of the dispersion-free weights and another one, suggested independently from the quantum Born rule, in which probabilities are formed by the (absolute) square of the inner product of state vectors with the faithful orthog...
Preprint
The Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) argument against noncontextual local hidden variables is recast in quantum logical terms of fundamental propositions, states and probabilities. Unlike Kochen-Specker- and Hardy-like configurations, this operator based argument proceeds within four nonintertwining contexts. The nonclassical performance of the GH...
Preprint
Hardy-type arguments are presented uniformly by enumerating the orthogonality hypergraphs that underly their structure. The resulting collection of observables, if interpreted classically, induce a true-implies-false relation to the respective observable terminal points of the hypergraph. Such relations have already been used by Kochen and Specker,...
Article
Full-text available
This is an elaboration of the “extra” advantage of the performance of quantized physical systems over classical ones, both in terms of single outcomes as well as probabilistic predictions. From a formal point of view, it is based on entities related to (dual) vectors in (dual) Hilbert spaces, as compared to the Boolean algebra of subsets of a set a...
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Full-text available
Classical evaluations of configurations of intertwined quantum contexts induce relations, such as true-implies-false and true-implies-true, but also nonseparability among the input and output terminals. When combined, these exploitable configurations (also known as gadgets) deliver the strongest form of classical value indefiniteness. However, the...
Chapter
In Itamar Pitowsky’s reading of the Gleason and the Kochen-Specker theorems, in particular, his Logical Indeterminacy Principle, the emphasis is on the value indefiniteness of observables which are not within the preparation context. This is in stark contrast to the prevalent term contextuality used by many researchers in informal, heuristic yet om...
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Full-text available
In an extension of speculations that physical space–time is a fractal which might itself be embedded in a high-dimensional continuum, it is hypothesized to “compensate” for local variations of the fractal dimension by instead varying the metric in such as way that the intrinsic (as seen from an embedded observer) dimensionality remains an integer....
Preprint
Even if Google AI's Sycamore processor is efficient for the particular task it has been designed for it fails to deliver universal computational capacity. Furthermore, even classical devices implementing transverse homoclinic orbits realize exponential speedups with respect to universal classical as well as quantum computations. Moreover, relative...
Chapter
Relational quantum queries are sometimes capable to effectively decide between collections of mutually exclusive elementary cases without completely resolving and determining those individual instances. Thereby the set of mutually exclusive elementary cases is effectively partitioned into equivalence classes pertinent to the respective query. In th...
Preprint
Relational quantum queries are sometimes capable to effectively decide between collections of mutually exclusive elementary cases without completely resolving and determining those individual instances. Thereby the set of mutually exclusive elementary cases is effectively partitioned into equivalence classes pertinent to the respective query. In th...
Article
Full-text available
We study some aspects of the emergence of lógos from xáos on a basal model of the universe using methods and techniques from algorithmic information and Ramsey theories. Thereby an intrinsic and unusual mixture of meaningful and spurious, emerging laws surfaces. The spurious, emergent laws abound, they can be found almost everywhere. In accord with...
Preprint
We suggest applying Kolmogorov's axioms of probability theory to conditional probabilities among distinct (but not necessarily disjoint and non-intertwining) contexts. Formally, this amounts to row stochastic matrices whose entries characterize the conditional probability to find some observable in one context, given an observable in another contex...
Article
Full-text available
The recent quantum information revolution has stimulated interest in the quantum foundations by perceiving and re-evaluating the theory from a novel information-theoretical viewpoint [...]
Preprint
In Itamar Pitowsky's reading of the Gleason and the Kochen-Specker theorems, in particular, his Logical Indeterminacy Principle, the emphasis is on the value indefiniteness of observables which are not within the preparation context. This is in stark contrast to the prevalent term {\em contextuality} used by many researchers in informal, heuristic...
Preprint
Full-text available
We study some aspects of the emergence of logos from chaos on a simple model of the universe using methods and techniques from algorithmic information and Ramsey theories. Thereby an intrinsic and unusual mixture of meaningful and (spurious) emerging laws surfaces. The emergent laws outnumber the meaningful ones, a picture which is compatible with...
Preprint
The graphs induced by partition logics allow a dual probabilistic interpretation: a classical one for which probabilities lie on the convex hull of the dispersion-free weights, and another one, suggested independently from the quantum Born rule, in which probabilities are formed by the (absolute) square of the inner product of state vectors with th...
Preprint
In view of the sobering findings of science, theology and to a lesser degree metaphysics is confronted with a humiliating loss, and a need for reinterpretation, of allegories and narratives which have served as guidance to the perplexed for millennia. Future revolutions of world perception might include the emergence of consciousness and superhuman...
Preprint
Quantum clouds are collections of configurations of intertwined contexts or maximal observables with operational preparation- and endpoints. Although counterfactual because of complementarity, when interpreted classically and realistically, certain configurations induce relations, such as true-implies-false, true-implies-true, but also nonseparabil...
Article
Full-text available
An essential ingredient in many examples of the conflict between quantum theory and noncontextual hidden variables (e.g., the proof of the Kochen-Specker theorem and Hardy's proof of Bell's theorem) is a set of atomic propositions about the outcomes of ideal measurements such that, when outcome noncontextuality is assumed, if proposition A is true,...
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Extensions of the Kochen–Specker theorem use quantum logics whose classical interpretation suggests a true-implies-value indefiniteness property. This can be interpreted as an indication that any view of a quantum state beyond a single context is epistemic. A remark by Gleason about the ad hoc construction of probability measures in Hilbert spaces...
Preprint
Full-text available
An essential ingredient in many examples of the conflict between quantum theory and noncontextual hidden variables (e.g., the proof of the Kochen-Specker theorem and Hardy's proof of Bell's theorem) is a set of atomic propositions about the outcomes of ideal measurements such that, when outcome noncontextuality is assumed, if proposition $A$ is tru...
Preprint
A remark by Gleason about the ad hoc construction of probability measures in Hilbert spaces as a result of the Pythagorean property of vector components is interpreted platonically. Unless there is a total match between preparation and measurement contexts, information about the former from the latter is not ontic but epistemic. This is corroborate...
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The following speculations resemble Darwin’s and also Turing’s “inversion of reason” – that is, “competence without comprehension” – forcefully put forward by the atheistic philosopher Daniel Dennett in his phrase “delere Auctorem Rerum Ut Universum Infinitum Noscas; aka DARW ( \(=\) UU)IN: destroy the author of things in order to know the universe...
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Egon von Schweidler, a colleague of Exner at the University of Vienna, interpreted Rutherford’s (1902) decay law as merely probabilistically – thereby allowing deviations for small sample sizes.
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Since theological nomenclature hardly belongs to the standard repertoire of physicists but will be used later, as some termini technici will be mentioned upfront. Thereby we will mainly follow Philipp Frank’s (informal) definitions of gaps and miracles.
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This Chapter enumerates a 200 of recursion theoretic undecidabilities not covered before.
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The vision that self-reflexivity may, through self-intervention amounting to paradoxical situations, impose some restrictions on the performance and the capacity of physical agents to know their own states, is a challenging one. It has continued to present a source of inspiration.
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While – depending on one’s subjective optimism or pessimism often, sometimes or rarely – it is possible to predict the future, certain forecasting tasks, in particular, when it comes to self-reference, are provable unattainable, and will remain so forever.
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This chapter introduces some important epistemology. Without epistemology any inroad into the subject of (un)decidability and (in)determinism may result in confusion and incomprehensibility.
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Rather than giving a detailed account on the origin and varieties of classical determinism – which is a fascinating topic of its own a very brief sketch of some of its concepts will be given.
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At the moment, there exists a loosely bundled canon of quantum rules subsumed under the term quantum mechanics or quantum theory.
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Some of the many accounts and many roots of quantum indeterminism are discussed.
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In what follows the term transcendence refers to an entity or agent beyond all physical laws. (It is not used in the Kantian sense.) In contrast, immanence refers to all operational, intrinsic physical means available to embedded observers.
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According to his own narrative, and totally unaware of Saint Augustine of Hippo’s as well as Nicholas of Cusa’s (aka Nicolaus Cusanus’) notion of learned ignorance (Latin: docta ignorantia), the Baron Münchhausen pulled himself (and his horse) out of a mire by his own hair (Bürger, Münchhausen. Wunderbare Reisen zu Wasser und zu Lande, 1789, [88, C...
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One of the biggest dangers in presenting quantum unknowns is sophism; a wasteful exercise in fruitless scholasticism and mysticism.
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Complementarity was first encountered in quantum mechanics. In what follows we shall present finite deterministic models featuring complementarity. The type of complementarity discussed in this chapter grew out of an attempt to understand quantum complementarity by some finite, deterministic, quasi-classical (automaton) model.
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In what follows we shall give a very brief account of reversible evolution and, in particular, reversible computation by permutation.
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Having explored the limits and the “negative” effects of the type of self-exploration and self-examination embedded observers are bound to we shall now examine the “positive” side of self-description. In particular, we shall prove that, at least for “nontrivial” deterministic systems (in the sense of recursion theory and, by the Church-Turing thesi...
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Empirical evidence can solely be drawn from operational procedures accessible to embedded observers. Embeddedness means that intrinsic observers have to somehow inspect and thus interact with the object, thereby altering both the observer as well as the object inspected.
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Induction is the inference of general rules “causing” and “generating” (in an algorithmic interpretation) physical behaviours from these very behaviours (without any extra assumptions) alone. Thus induction is “bottom up:” given the phenomena and how observers perceive them operationally, these observers somehow obtain the causes and rules which su...

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