Karen M Davison- PhD
- Researcher at University of Toronto
Karen M Davison
- PhD
- Researcher at University of Toronto
About
153
Publications
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Introduction
Current institution
Publications
Publications (153)
This book is designed to present a comprehensive, state-of the-art approach to assessing and managing bariatric surgery and psychosocial care. Unlike any other text, this book focuses on developing a biopsychosocial understanding of patients’ obesity journey and psychosocial factors contributing to their obesity and its management from an integrate...
Background:
To address nutrition-related population mental health data gaps, we examined relationships among food insecurity, diet quality, and perceived mental health.
Methods:
Stratified and logistic regression analyses of respondents aged 19-70 years from the Canadian Community Health Survey, Cycle 2.2 were conducted (n = 15,546). Measures in...
Poor mental health and substance use are associated with food insecurity, however, their potential combined effects have not been studied. This study explored independent associations and effect modification between lifetime substance use and mood disorder in relation to food insecurity. Poisson regression analysis of data from British Columbia res...
Background:
Although nutrition interventions are a widely accepted resource for the prevention of long-term health conditions, current approaches have not adequately reduced chronic disease morbidity. Nutrigenomics has great potential; however, it is complicated to implement. There is a need for products based on nutrition-related gene test result...
Objectives
The goals of this rapid realist review were to ask: (a) what are the key mechanisms that drive successful interventions for long COVID in long-term care (LTC) and (b) what are the critical contexts that determine whether the mechanisms produce the intended outcomes?
Design
Rapid realist review.
Data sources
Medline, CINAHL, Embase, Psy...
Outlines the evaluation of phase 1 of a pilot project that examined the effectiveness of nutrition and mental health training for mental health professionals and frontline workers
Nutrigenetics describes how genes determine the effects that nutrients have on the body; nutrigenomics describes how the foods change how genes are expressed. Gene-based personalized nutrition aims to integrate an individual’s genetic, phenotypic, and health-related information to provide precise dietary guidance to improve or optimize health statu...
There is limited knowledge regarding the cardiovascular impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on emerging adults aged 18-25, a group which disproportionately contracts COVID-19. To guide future cardiovascular disease (CVD) research, policy, and practice, a scoping review was conducted to: i) examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on th...
Background
Food energy under-reporting is differentially distributed among populations. Currently, little is known about how mental health state may affect energy-adjusted nutrient intakes among food energy under-reporters.
Methods
Stratified analysis of energy-adjusted nutrient intake by mental health (poor vs. good) and age/sex was conducted usi...
Currently, there is no global consensus about the essentiality of dietary chromium. To provide evidence to this debate, an examination of blood chromium levels and common chronic health conditions was undertaken. Using a subsample from the 2015–2016 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (n = 2894; 40 years+), chi-square and binary log...
Vitamins are organic compounds required for many different body functions. They are often classified based on their solubility in fat or water. Alternatively, they can be classified based on their functions. A suboptimal intake of a vitamin can lead to inadequacy or deficiency. Conversely, an excessive intake may result in toxicity and adverse even...
The 2020 global outbreak of COVID-19 exposed and heightened threats to mental health across societies. Research has indicated that individuals with chronic physical health conditions are at high risk for suffering from severe COVID-19 illness and from the adverse consequences of public health responses to COVID-19, such as social isolation. This pa...
Psychological distress is associated with a range of negative outcomes including lower quality of life and an increased risk of premature all-cause mortality. The prevalence of, and factors associated with, psychological distress among middle-aged and older Canadians are understudied. Using the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) baseline d...
This study aimed to address knowledge gaps related to the prevention and management of mental health responses among those with a condition that presents risk of severe COVID-19 infection. A scoping review that mapped English and Chinese-language studies (2019-2020) located in MEDLINE (Ovid), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature...
PurposeThis study aimed to address knowledge gaps about post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in mid-age and older adults, with particular attention to the relationship of PTSD with nutrition and with ethnicity and immigrant status.Methods
Binary logistic regression analysis of weighted comprehensive cohort data from the baseline Canadian Longitudi...
Because successful integration post-immigration is critical to Canada’s population health, national data were analyzed to examine mental health, food insecurity (Household Food Security Survey Module), and diet quality (e.g., nutrient intakes) between foreign-born immigrants and native-born Canadians. After controlling for sociodemographic and heal...
This is the CIHR Report on COVID-19 mental and physical health interventions for the population in post-pandemic recovery
This study examined the prevalence and social determinants of depression among refugee and non-refugee adults aged 45–85 in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Bivariate analyses and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were conducted. The prevalence of depression was higher in a sample of 272 refugees (22.1%) and 5059 non-refuge...
Background
Adult obesity is a complex multi-factorial condition that is associated with weight gain in emerging adulthood. Currently, there is limited understanding about all of the biopsychosocial contributors to weight status in emerging adulthood.
Objective
To examine the association between various wellness dimensions and weight status in emer...
Background
Weight gain among emerging adults is associated with later-life obesity and non-communicable disease (NCD). Time spent in passive commuting may be a contributing factor; however, this has received limited investigative attention.
Objective
To examine the association between passive commuting times and weight status in post-secondary stu...
Submitted and selected for SNEB Higher Education Research Award
Submission of SNEB 2020 and Selected for Higher Education Research Award
Objectives
Later-life cognitive impairment is an important health issue; however, little is known about the condition among diverse groups such as immigrants. This study aims to examine whether the healthy immigrant effect exists for verbal fluency, an indicator of cognitive functioning, among anglophone middle-aged and older adults in Canada.
Met...
Objectives
To examine associations between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and nutrition factors among Canadian-born and immigrant adults.
Methods
The sample included participants of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) (n = 27,211; 45–85 years) categorized by ethnicity (native white, native minority, immigrant white, and immigran...
Background:
Psychological distress increases mortality risk; there is little knowledge about its prevelance and contributory factors in older populations.
Methods:
Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging baseline data (2010-2015) were analyzed to examine the relationship between Kessler's Psychological Distress Scale-K10 and immigrant status (recen...
The main purpose of this study was to compare the lifetime prevalence of anxiety disorders among foreign-born and Canadian-born adults in middle and later life. Using baseline data of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (2010–2015), multivariable binary logistic regression was conducted to investigate anxiety diagnosis and immigrant status, wh...
This study’s objective was to identify which factors attenuate refugees’ higher odds of depression. A secondary analysis of 272 refugees and 29,398 non-refugees in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging, a 2012 study of Canadians aged 45 to 85, was conducted. The prevalence of depression was higher among refugees than non-refugees (22.1% vs 15.2%...
Background:
Little is known about depression in middle-aged and older Canadians and how it is affected by health determinants, particularly immigrant status. This study examined depression and socio-economic, health, immigration and nutrition-related factors in older adults.
Methods:
Using weighted comprehensive cohort data from the baseline Can...
Background:
Nutrigenomics forms the basis of personalized nutrition by customizing an individual's dietary plan based on the integration of life stage, current health status, and genome information. Some common genes that are included in nutrition-based multigene test panels include CYP1A2 (rate of caffeine break down), MTHFR (folate usage), NOS3...
Purpose: This session aims to share the truths; the good, bad, and ugly about integrating digital reality technology with nutrition education across all ages in the U.S. and Canada.
Rationale: When conducting implementation science, it is the principal investigators' responsibility to be transparent in sharing their project challenges and operatio...
Although research about the unintended consequences of paternal incarceration for family well-being has grown in recent years, there has been minimal exploration of food insecurity. Using qualitative methods, we aimed to understand the relationships between paternal incarceration and family food insecurity in Canada. An ethnographic study (24 month...
Background
Under- and over nutrition as well as nutrition risk factors such as communicable and non-communicable diseases are a common and major cause of morbidity and mortality in correctional facilities. Consequently, medical nutrition therapy (MNT), a spectrum of nutrition services aimed at optimizing individual well-being, is being recognized a...
Nutritional status and food security are two interrelated determinants of physical and mental health and well-being. Research has indicated that compared to the general population, indicators of poor nutrition and food insecurity are more prevalent among incarcerated persons. Studies have also suggested that optimizing the nutritional status of inc...
While the relationship between dietary fiber and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been much studied, the evidence about its role in the prevention and control of this condition has been conflicting. We critically evaluate prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined insoluble/nonviscous/cereal fiber and solubl...
Objective
To develop a national nutrition and mental health research agenda based on the engagement of diverse stakeholders and to assess research priorities by stakeholder groups.
Design
A staged, integrated and participatory initiative was implemented to structure a national nutrition and mental health research agenda that included: (i) national...
The field of nutrition originated from the discovery of vitamins, a group of organic essential compounds. Vitamins are not synthesized by the body in amounts adequate to meet normal physiological functioning and therefore minute amounts obtained through diet are essential for maintenance, growth, development, and reproduction. Insufficient intake o...
Minerals are nutrients are essential for human function, much like vitamins. The minerals represent about 5% of body weight, most of which comes from calcium and phosphorus. The minerals are subdivided into: (1) macrominerals that are present in the body in an amount >0.01% of weight and where >100 mg/day is needed from the diet and (2) microminera...
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are chronic diseases of long duration and generally slow progression, including cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes. Morbidity and mortality due to non-communicable disease has risen tremendously over the years globally. Healthful Eating As Lifestyle (HEAL): Integrative Preve...
This article focuses on the collaborations between academics and community-based organizations seeking to fundamentally reorganize the way food is produced, distributed, and consumed as well as valued. The central research question investigates whether and how the growth of community-campus engagement (CCE) can strengthen food movements. Drawing on...
In 2014, a national initiative aimed at defining a research agenda for nutrition and mental health among diverse stakeholders was completed and included insights from more than 300 registered dietitians. This study explores the data from dietitians based on their years of practice, mental health experiences, and community of practice in relationshi...
Although research about the consequences of paternal incarceration for family well-being has grown in recent years, there has been minimal exploration of the role of food insecurity and its familial and inter-generational impacts. A qualitative study was undertaken that focused on fathers who had the experience of incarceration in the Canadian fede...
Although research about the consequences of paternal incarceration for family well-being has grown in recent years, there has been minimal exploration of the role of food insecurity and its familial and inter-generational impacts. A qualitative study was undertaken that focused on fathers who had the experience of incarceration in the Canadian fede...
Because little is known about food insecurity in people with mental health conditions, we investigated relationships among food insecurity, nutrient intakes, and psychological functioning in adults with mood disorders.
Data from a study of adults randomly selected from the membership list of the Mood Disorder Association of British Columbia (n = 97...
Purpose:
Although the important public health issues of food insecurity and suicide may be interconnected, they are rarely studied. Using data from a national survey, we examined whether household food insecurity was associated with suicidal ideation after adjusting for relevant covariates.
Methods:
We examined cross-sectional data from three Ca...
Learning Outcome: The participant will be able to describe the process of developing a research agenda for nutrition and community mental health that engages stakeholders with experiential understanding of the system. Background: Nutrition and mental health research tends to be directed by clinicians, scientists , and funding agencies. The evidence...
This session explores lessons learned in collaborations between academic researchers, students, and community-‐based practitioners working for non-‐profit organizations active in Canada’s food movement. Collaboration on a joint project, even when there is a shared vision, is not always easy. We ultimately also have different goals to meet, needs,...
OBJECTIVE: This study examined sex differences and eating disorder risk among psychiatric conditions, compulsive behaviors (i.e., gambling, suicide thoughts and attempts) and substance use in a nationally representative sample.
METHOD: Data from participants of the Canadian Community Health Survey Cycle 1.2 who completed the Eating Attitudes Test (...
Background: Mood disorders are associated with a high risk of suicide. Statin therapy has been implicated in this relationship. Aims: To further clarify reported associations between suicide and cholesterol in mental health conditions, we conducted an analysis of dietary, clinical, and suicidal ideation measures in community-living adults with mood...
Little is known about relationships of energy under-reporting in mental health populations. Using data from a sample of individuals with mood disorders (n = 97), demographic, food intake and body-related, psychological, lifestyle, and condition-specific factors were examined in relationship to energy under-reporting. More than two-thirds (70 %) wer...
