Kareem A Mosa

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• PhD
• Associate Professor at University of Sharjah

Salinity stress shows negative impact on agricultural yield throughout the world. Various plants adapt themselves to salinity stress by modulating their growth and development along with diverse physiological and biochemical changes. Biochemically salt stress adaptation requires cellular ion homeostasis, and involves net intracellular toxic ion upt...

High boron (B) concentration is toxic to plants that limit plant productivity. Recent studies have shown the involvement of the members of major intrinsic protein (MIP) family in controlling B transport. Here, we have provided experimental evidences showing the bidirectional transport activity of rice OsPIP1;3 and OsPIP2;6. Boron transport ability...

Global mechanization, urbanization, and various natural processes have led to the increased release of toxic compounds into the biosphere. These hazardous toxic pollutants include a variety of organic and inorganic compounds, which pose a serious threat to the ecosystem. The contamination of soil and water are the major environmental concerns in th...

Today, the dramatic changes in types of food consumed have led to an increased burden of chronic diseases. Therefore, the emphasis of food research is not only to ensure quality food that can supply adequate nutrients to prevent nutrition related diseases, but also to ensure overall physical and mental-health. This has led to the concept of functio...

With the increased use of metal nanoparticles (NPs), their access to the food chain has become a main concern to scientists and holds controversial social implications. This research particularly sheds light on copper nanoparticles (CuNP), as they have been commonly used in several industries nowadays. In this study, we investigated the phytotoxici...

Aluminum (Al) toxicity is an important growth-limiting factor in plants. Al uptake and transport in cucumber (Cucumis sativus) plants are not yet completely understood. This study was carried out to examine the extent of phytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Al2(SO4)3 on C. sativus. The effect of Al2(SO4)3 was examined at 4 different concentrations:...

The widespread use of pharmaceuticals, including paracetamol, has raised concerns about their impact on the environment and non-target species. The aim of this study was to investigate the biochemical and molecular responses of Spinacia oleracea (spinach) to high paracetamol concentrations in order to understand the plant's stress responses and und...

Key Message This study demonstrates the crucial role of OsPIP2;6 for translocation of arsenic from roots to shoots, which can decrease arsenic accumulation in rice for improved food safety. Arsenic (As) contamination in food and water, primarily through rice consumption, poses a significant health risk due to its natural tendency to accumulate inor...

Background Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are a focus of huge interest in biological research, including stem cell research. AgNPs synthesized using Cyperus conglomeratus root extract have been previously reported but their effects on mesenchymal stromal cells have yet to be investigated. Objectives The aim of this study is to investigate the effect...

Several plant secondary metabolites are used in the production of different pharmaceuticals based on their biological activities. The conservation and sustainable use of medicinal plants is important for the industrial production of plant-based medicines. Different cryopreservation methods are used for long-term culture preservation, which allows f...

Citrullus colocynthis, a native plant with potential uses as a feedstock for edible oil, biodiesel, and animal feed make it a potential cash crop. The importance of propagating this species under saline arid habitats necessitates understanding environmental factors affecting salinity and drought tolerance during the germination stage. Here, we asse...

Widespread dispersion of metal nanoparticles into the environment is mainly due to their applications in various industries. Due to the excessive load of metal nanoparticles, their interaction with the surrounding plants and water bodies in the environment is an alarming concern. Several publications have reported metal nanoparticles’ phytotoxicity...

Tephrosia is widely distributed throughout tropical, subtropical, and arid regions. This genus is known for several biological activities, including its anti-Candida activity, which is mainly attributed to prenylated flavonoids. The biological activities of most Tephrosia species have been studied, except T. apollinea. This study was conducted to i...

The occurrence and persistence of pharmaceuticals in the food chain, particularly edible crops, can adversely affect human and environmental health. In this study, the impacts of the absorption, translocation, accumulation, and degradation of paracetamol in different organs of the leafy vegetable crop spinach (Spinacia oleracea) were assessed under...

The need for herbal medicinal plants is steadily increasing. Hence, the accurate identification of plant material has become vital for safe usage, avoiding adulteration, and medicinal plant trading. DNA barcoding has shown to be a valuable molecular identification tool for medicinal plants, ensuring the safety and efficacy of plant materials of the...

Citrullus colocynthis (Cucurbitaceae) is an important medicinal plant traditionally used in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). In a recent study, it has been reported that different individuals of the same population of C. colocynthis, growing in the hot arid desert of the UAE, exhibited variations in their fruit size, color, and stripe pattern. In ad...

The exogenous synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) by living plant systems was considered a sustainable way to synthesize NPs. It is cost-effective and more eco-friendly compared to the currently used chemical and physical methods. In this study, silver NPs (AgNPs) were exogenously synthesized by the desert Tephrosia apollinea (Delile) DC. living plant...

Nutrient content in the soil is considered one of the leading complications influencing plant growth and development. Plants sense the readily available nutrients in soil and uptake them to ensure growth and development. Based on the required amounts of nutritional elements, plant nutrients are classified into primary macronutrients, secondary macr...

There is limited information about the importance of seed origin, thermoperiod, and photoperiod on low water potential tolerance during seed germination of habitat-indifferent plants, which grow well in saline and non-saline habitats. This study examined the effects of seed provenance, water potential, thermoperiod, photoperiod, and their interacti...

Endophytes and rhizospheric microorganisms support invasive species’ adaptation to environmental stresses. Here, we review the impacts of endophytes, rhizospheric microbes (particularly symbiotic nitrogen-fixers), mycorrhiza and pathogens on plant invasion in arid and semi-arid areas. Endophytes and soil microorganisms either enhance nutrient acqui...

Variations in fruit size, color, and stripe pattern on fruit rinds have been noticed among individuals within Citrullus colocynthis (Cucurbitaceae) populations in the hyper-arid deserts of the UAE. The present study aimed at assessing variations in fruit and seed characters, germination behavior, and genetic diversity among 12 individuals (hereafte...

Salsola drummondii is a perennial habitat-indifferent halophyte growing in saline and non-saline habitats of the Arabian hyperarid deserts. It offers an invaluable opportunity to examine the molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance. The present study was conducted to elucidate these mechanisms through transcriptome profiling of seedlings grown from s...

Information about seed source effects on germination and stress tolerance of the multipurpose exotic Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. is scarce. Here, we investigate the influence of seed provenance on salinity tolerance and germination requirements of P. juliflora. Seeds collected from saline (SH) and nonsaline (SNH) habitats were treated with differe...

Viruses have evolved to manipulate host lipid metabolism to benefit their replication cycle. Enveloped viruses, including coronaviruses, use host lipids in various stages of the viral life cycle, particularly in the formation of replication compartments and envelopes. Host lipids are utilised by the virus in receptor binding, viral fusion and entry...

Prosopis pallida is an exotic invasive tree recently recorded in the hot arid subtropical deserts of the UAE and has the potential for afforestation of degraded arid lands. Little information is available about the effects of abiotic stresses on the germination of this species. Here, we aimed to assess the response of drought (as simulated by polye...

Background: The concept of nutraceuticals has gained increased interest recently as it is based on using natural substances for therapeutic applications. However, limitations such as low bioavailability have restricted the use of these substances thus far. Nanoencapsulation of nutraceuticals has been proposed as a promising solution to circumvent s...

We investigated changes in the growth parameters, sodium accumulation, element composition, and antioxidant enzyme activity of habitat-indifferent Salsola drummondii Ulbr. during the vegetative stage. Our results show that S. drummondii grows very well in salt concentrations up to 500 mmol/L NaCl. There were no significant differences in the water...

Over recent years, metal nanoparticles have largely been investigated due to their potential activities. This study focused on synthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the desert plant Cyperus conglomeratus, which is the most abundant species on the sand dunes in the UAE, and their anticancer activity. The synthesized AgNPs were characterize...

Few species can survive well in both salty and non-salty soils (i.e., the habitat-indifferent halophytes). Little is known about the impact of soil salinity in different habitats on salt tolerance during seed germination. This study assesses effects of seed provenance of Salsola drummondii, a habitat-indifferent halophyte, on the individual effects...

Nanoparticle (NP) synthesis by biological systems is more cost-effective, safe, and environmentally friendly when compared to currently used chemical and physical methods. Although many studies have utilized different plant extracts to synthesize NPs, few studies have incorporated living plants. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synt...

Several studies have assessed the function and significance of the presence of dead, hardened husks on germination and seedling growth in several grass species and reached to inconsistent results. Here, we assess the roles of husks (dead lemma and palea) and an inner membrane surrounding the grains on germination behaviour and seedling growth of Br...

Arsenic (As)-contaminated soil and groundwater lead to contamination of the food chain and pose serious risk to human health worldwide. Arsenic accumulation, particularly inorganic arsenic, in food crops leads to potential health problems including cancer in populations. Elucidation of the mechanisms for As transport and metabolism is a prerequisit...

Calotropis procera is a perennial big shrub that has the potential to accumulate high concentrations of heavy metals. Metal sequestration in old organs has been considered as a mechanism for plant survival in polluted soils. The aim of the present study was to assess the role of the old leaves as a sink for HMs accumulation in C. procera. Two instr...

Seed dormancy and germination have been studied in the genetic model Brachypodium species complex in cooler, moist higher latitudes. Studying environmental factors in arid mountains affecting dormancy and germination in Brachypodium complex could determine the factors controlling these processes. This study assesses the impacts of temperature durin...

The Arabian Peninsula is known to have a comprehensive and rich endowment of unique and genetically diverse plant genetic resources. Analysis and conservation of biological diversity is a crucial issue to the whole Arabian Peninsula. The rapid and accurate delimitation and identification of a species is crucial to genetic diversity analysis and the...

Engineered metal nanoparticles have been widely used in several applications that may lead to increased exposure to the environment. In this study, we assessed the phytotoxic effect of various concentrations of copper nanoparticles CuNP, (200, 400 and 800 mg/L) on coriander (Coriandrum sativum) plants grown hydroponically. C. sativum plants treated...

Aquaporins are channel proteins reported to play multiple functions in plants ranging from water, solutes, metalloids (arsenic, boron, silicon) transport, and tolerance to abiotic stresses including drought, salinity and cold. Based on their localization and sequence similarities, aquaporins have been classified into seven major subfamilies: plasma...

The effects of temperature, light, salinity, and drought on germination of halophytes have been extensively studied. However, few studies have focused on the germination of plants that grow well in both saline and nonsaline habitats (i.e., habitat-indifferent halophytes). Here, we assess the impacts of population origin, temperature, and light on d...

Few plants are habitat-indifferent halophytes (i.e., grow well in both saline and non-saline soils). These plants offer a good opportunity to study drought and salinity tolerances during germination for seeds developed and matured in soils differ in salinity. Here, we assessed drought tolerance during germination, as simulated with PEG, and respons...

Plant recruitment in desert ecosystems is rare and highly unpredictable due to unfavourable conditions inhibiting germination events. Few studies addressed the impacts of water deficiency, temperature and light on germination of desert shrubs. Here, we assessed the impact of simulated drought (osmotic stress) as simulated by polyethylene glycol (PE...

Effect of maternal habitat, temperature and light on germination and salt tolerance of Suaeda vermiculata, a habitat-indifferent halophyte of arid Arabian deserts – CORRIGENDUM - Ali El-Keblawy, Naeema Al-Shamsi, Kareem A. Mosa

Plants are significantly subject of diverse environmental stresses. Abiotic stresses are mainly due to nonliving environmental factors such as drought, heat, cold, and salinity, whereas biotic stresses are mainly caused by other living organisms in the surrounding environment such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, nematodes, and insects. A long series o...

Habitat-indifferent species that can grow well in both saline and non-saline soils offer a good opportunity for studying seed dormancy and salt tolerance during germination. Here, we assess interactive effects of maternal habitat and incubation conditions on salt tolerance during germination of the habitat-indifferent halophyte Suaeda vermiculata ,...

The biotechnology of desert plants is a vast subject. The main applications in this broad field of study comprises of plant tissue culture, genetic engineering, molecular markers and others. Biotechnology applications have the potential to address biodiversity conservation as well as agricultural, medicinal, and environmental issues. There is a nee...

Plants are continuously exposed to abiotic environmental pressures. One of principal abiotic stress factors is heavy metal (HM), which as edaphic contaminants is noteworthy environmental hazard posing great negative impact on overall plants’ growth, metabolism and hence economic crop productivity and sustainability. During plants’ exposure to eleva...

Background: Commercially available herbal and medicinal plants-based products are susceptible to substitution or contamination with other unlabeled or undesired materials. This will reduce the quality of the product, and may lead to intoxication and allergy. Methods: DNA barcoding is a molecular technology that allows the identification of plant...

DNA barcoding was proposed to facilitate systematic species identification, biodiversity monitoring, and conservation. Un-like animals, the application of DNA barcoding is more complicated in plants because of the larger number of regions that need to be sequenced, compared to the single mitochondrial COX gene used in animals. After identifying the...

Background: Major intrinsic proteins (MIPs) are membrane channel proteins which maintain water homeostasis and permeable to small molecules across the membrane. Objective: Genome analysis of Brachypodium MIPs (BdMIPs) gene family and in silico studies are based on available bioinformatic tools. Further comparison and evolutionary study of MIPs memb...

Taxol is an anticancer identified in both endophytic fungus and its host plant. Plant Taxol is a diterpenoid with geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) mediates the biosynthesis of its terpenoid moiety. Previous report has suggested that fungal Taxol may require terpenoid pathway for its biosynthesis. Here in this study, feeding a Taxol-producing endop...

The Egyptian flora is rich with a large number of Triticum plants, which are very difficult to discriminate between in the early developmental stages. This study assesses the significance of using two DNA Barcoding loci (matK and rbcL) in distinguishing between 18 different Triticum accessions in Egypt. We isolated and sequenced 15 rbcL and six mat...

Candida is a serious life-threatening pathogen, particularly with immunocompromised patients. Candida infections are considered as a major cause of morbidity and mortality in a broad range of immunocompromised patients. Candida infections are common in hospitalized patients and elderly people. The difficulty to eradicate Candida infections is owing...

Plant stress is a state where the plant is growing in non-ideal growth conditions that increase the demands made upon it. The effects of stress can lead to deficiencies in growth, crop yields, permanent damage or death if the stress exceeds the plant tolerance limits. Plant stress factors are mainly categorized into two main groups; abiotic factors...

Recently, multiple “omics” sciences such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and bioinformatics have been introduced. These sciences can be applied and effectively used in the area of biotic stresses, particularly microbial pathogeny studies. In this chapter, we provide deeper insight and discussion on the important applications of the divers...

Recent development in omics technologies such as genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics as well as functional genomics has helped the identification and functional characterization of a large number of gene families and mechanisms associated with abiotic stress tolerance in plants. In this chapter, we will mainly discuss gene expressio...

The continuous development of analytical and experimental technologies as well as instruments resulted in the development of very specialized experimental approaches that can identify, measure and quantify particular types of cellular molecules. These technologies are known as “Omics Technologies”. Most of the omics technologies are high throughput...

The tomato is ranked first amongst vegetable crops in Egypt in relation to surface area and production. The Egyptian tomato cultivar Edkawy has shown abiotic stress tolerance characteristics. However, there is not much information about the molecular characterization of this cultivar. Furthermore, information regarding the identification of abiotic...

Providing a comprehensive overview of cutting-edge research on Omics applications in plant sciences field,“Plant Stress Tolerance” focuses on different approaches towards plant stress tolerance including both biotic stresses and abiotic stresses. This book outlines the challenges facing this area of research, with solid, up-to-date information for...

Ethanol produced from corn or sugar cane currently dominates the biofuel market, which consequently has a negative impact on the food demands. Therefore, it is highly desirable to produce biofuel from plant parts which not embedded on the food. Our research strategy focused in consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) using bactria of genus clostridium . Th...

The differences between countries in national income, growth, human development and many other factors are used to classify countries into developed and developing countries. There are several classifications systems that use different sets of measures and criteria. The most common classifications are the United Nations (UN) and the World Bank (WB)...

Potato is an ideal candidate for the delivery of functional ingredients due to its high worldwide consumption. The metabolites in cooked tubers of eight diploid potato genotypes from Colombia were explored. Potato tubers were harvested, cooked，lyophilized, and then stored at −80°C. Metabolites were extracted from flesh samples and analyzed using li...

Salinity stress shows negative impact on agricultural yield throughout the world. Various plants adapt themselves to salinity stress by modulating their growth and development along with diverse physiological and biochemical changes. Biochemically salt stress adaptation requires cellular ion homeostasis, and involves net intracellular toxic ion upt...

Late blight is a serious economic threat to potato crop, sometimes leading to complete crop loss. The resistance in potato to late blight can be qualitative or quantitative in nature. Qualitative resistance is not durable. Though quantitative resistance is durable, the breeding is challenging due to polygenic inheritance. Several quantitative trait...

DNA Barcoding is widely used for biodiversity studies based on standard DNA regions. While many loci have been proposed as a DNA barcodes in plants, standardizing regions as a DNA barcode poses a challenge in many plant families. The Egyptian flora is rich with a huge number of Poaceae plants differs on their morphological characteristics in advanc...

Sequencing and restriction analysis of genes like 16S rRNA and HSP60 are intensively used for molecular identification in the microbial communities. With aid of the rapid progress in bioinformatics, genome sequencing became the method of choice for bacterial identification. However, the genome sequencing technology is still out of reach in the deve...

The supplementary materials include seven supplementary figures and 12 supplementary tables. Supplementary figure 1 is an illustration of expected restriction results of two Lactobacillus strains. Supplementary figures 2 and 3 are the Identification schemes of Lactobacillus using fragments numbers or fragments numbers and fragments size of HSP60 ge...

Late blight is a serious economic threat to potato crop, sometimes leading to complete crop loss. The resistance in potato to late blight can be qualitative or quantitative in nature. Qualitative resistance is not durable. Though quantita-tive resistance is durable, the breeding is challenging due to polygenic inheritance. Several quantitative trai...

Late blight is a serious economic threat to potato crop, sometimes leading to complete crop loss. The resistance in potato to late blight can be qualitative or quantitative in nature. Qualitative resistance is not durable. Though quantitative resistance is durable, the breeding is challenging due to polygenic inheritance. Several quantitative trait...

Celery (Apium graveolens L.), a culinary herb and vegetable, is considered a good source of the essential oil and phenolic acids for use as a food, medicine, and flavoring agent. Substantial plant to plant variation within celery, however, indicates a high degree of genetic inconsistency that affects plant quality and yield. This study evaluated th...

Arsenic (As) contamination is widespread and being a potent carcinogen, As affects the health of more than 500 million people worldwide. Large amount of As has built-up in agricultural soils due to repetitive irrigation with contaminated ground water, pesticides, and other industrial activities. There is no efficient, cost-effective and environment...

Boron (B) toxicity is responsible for low cereal crop production in a number of regions worldwide. In this report, we characterized two rice genes, OsPIP2;4 and OsPIP2;7, for their involvement in B permeability and tolerance. Transcript analysis demonstrated that the expression of OsPIP2;4 and OsPIP2;7 were downregulated in shoots and strongly upre...

Rice accumulates high level of arsenic (As) in its edible parts and thus plays an important role in the transfer of As into the food chain. However, the mechanisms of As uptake and its detoxification in rice are not well understood. Recently, members of the Nodulin 26-like intrinsic protein (NIP) subfamily of plant aquaporins were shown to transpor...