Kannabiran Krishnan

• Professor
• Professor (Full) at Vellore Institute of Technology University

This study provides valuable insights into the structural and chemical characteristics of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), enhancing their antimicrobial efficacy against Gram-positive bacteria and fungi. Structural and optical analyses of ZnO NPs synthesized via a green route revealed a foral morphology at 450 °C with petal sizes averaging ~20....

Microbial biosurfactants are widely used in the bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons and oil recovery from crude oil trapped in the crevices of the rocks. Secondary metabolites (biosurfactants) produced by several microbes have been explored for oil recovery. They are grouped into lipopeptides, glycolipids, phospholipids, fatty acids, polymeric...

Microbial biosurfactants are widely used in the bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons and oil recovery from crude oil trapped in the crevices of the rocks. Secondary metabolites (biosurfactants) produced by several microbes have been explored for oil recovery. They are grouped into lipopeptides, glycolipids, phospholipids, fatty acids, polymeric...

Environmental contamination is growing on daily basis, even though numerous corrective measures have been in practice but still it remains to be a major concern for protecting natural environment, ecosystem and well-being of living systems. Bio products and surface active substances derived from microorganisms and plants are having multiple roles i...

Plastic is the most common man-made polymer. It possesses greater flexibility, durability, lower manufacturing cost, and lighter weight, leading to increased consumption and production of single-use plastics. In developed countries, plastic materials are used in packaging, construction, automobiles, medical devices, furniture, toys, etc. Improper d...

Plastics are non-degradable synthetic polymers used worldwide for their felicitous properties. The accumulation of plastic debris in the environment is becoming increasingly prominent, and the conventional disposal methods are off the mark. The abiotic environmental factors degrade the plastics partially, and some anthropogenic activities are respo...

The treatment of highly polluted and variable textile industry effluent with the photocatalytic process has been proposed. However, it is challenging for photocatalysts to achieve high photon absorption while simultaneously providing for photogenerated electron-hole recombination. Therefore, to fulfil this criterion a nanocomposite designed to supp...

Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is the naturally occurring biopolymer produced by the microorganisms. It is biodegradable and having physicochemical properties similar to conventional synthetic plastics and it can be used as an alternative to plastics. PHA is produced by microorganisms including bacteria, archaea and fungi. It gets accumulated in...

Ferrocene functionalized rGO-ZnO nanocomposite was synthesized via the facile hydrothermal method. ZnO was reduced over the 3-dimensional rGO framework (3D-Fc@rGO) using Camellia sinensis extract. The Fc@rGO-ZnO nanocomposite was employed for pharmaceutical degradation (sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and ciprofloxacin (CIP)) in an aqueous solution under UV...

Plastics have long been overruling the environment affecting the living systems by entering into the food chain. Negligent and erroneous disposal supports plastic for wide distribution and extensive use in day to day life. The durability and non-degradability encourage the persistent accumulation of plastic waste as an active and major pollutant of...

Plastics, micro-, and nanoplastics are widely distributed in the environment; soil, fresh, and aquatic water sources pose a great challenge to human health and well-being due to improper disposal, slow degradation, lack of effective recycling, and poor management. Contaminations associated with plastics and plastic products are more prevalent world...

Actinomycetes are gram-positive bacteria that have a high GC content compared to their counterparts. Actinomycetes were capable of producing a broad range of secondary metabolites and many of these were anti-bacterial agents. Antibiotics have been known to play a vital role in therapeutics and the clinical management of various diseases. Actinomyce...

Background The extensive research in the field of aquaculture is essential to combat the fish bacterial diseases causing massive economic loss to the aquaculture industry and these pathogens remains to be a threat to human well-being due to consumption of fish and fish products as a major food source. Methods This study focuses on extraction and i...

An ultraviolet-light-induced antibiotic degradation system based on nano-ZnO and Fe3O4 and chitosan/alginate nanocomposite bead assembly has been developed using a facile green-synthesis approach. In this study Camellia sinensis extract was used as reducing agent to facilitate the formation of the nanoparticles. The Fe3O4-ZnO-CS/SA nanocomposite wa...

The wonder drug penicillin was popularised widely in the 1940s and resistance to it too developed in the same decade. Antibiotic resistance or antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a grave problem facing the 21st century. It is predicted that nearly 10 million people will die from AMR in 2050. The drug resistance mechanism is categorized as intrinsic d...

Streptomyces is the largest genus of actinobacteria which are gram positive and resemble fungi because of their colonies. These organisms are known for their complex metabolism and their secondary metabolites. These secondary metabolites are currently in the limelight with respect to industrial and commercial applications as antimicrobials. They pr...

The phylum actinobacteria is considered to be one of the important sources for antibiotics, industrially useful enzymes, and other products of biotechnological use. Thermophilic actinobacteria are aerobes and obligate chemoorganotrophs in nature. It generally grows at high temperatures and also found in relatively hot climatic conditions and geothe...

Actinomycetes are significant microorganism have been established to be a boon by bestowing various bioactive compounds of medical and economical importance that have developed to be promising drugs for treating various diseases and inhibiting pathogenic microorganisms. These microorganisms have known to thrive in various habitats or environments s...

Vitamins are organic compounds that are essential for the enzyme-catalyzed reactions and are also required in trace amounts in the daily diet to carry out specific biological functions such as optimum growth and maintenance of the health of organisms. Vitamin B12 is a fascinating molecule in the field of food and medicine. It is otherwise known as...

In the present study, ZnO–Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized using the leaves of Camellia sinensis and immobilized in crosslinked alginate–chitosan polymer beads and tested for their photocatalytic applications. The prepared nanocomposite was used for the simultaneous adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of acid violet 7 (AV7) dye. The optim...

Aqueous extract of bark of Kigelia pinnata was used as reducing source for the biological green synthesis of AgNPs. The synthesized particles were characterized by UV-Visible spectrum, XRD, SEM, dynamic light scattering (DLS). The anti-fungal activity of AgNPs was evaluated against Aspergillus niger (MTCC:281), Aspergillus flavus (MTCC:277) and Can...

We report the draft genome sequence of Streptomyces sp. strain VITNK9, isolated from a soil sample collected in Vellore District (12.9165°N, 79.1325°E), Tamil Nadu, India, with an assembly size of 7,920,076 bp and 72.7% GC content.

Many compounds produced by marine microbes possess significant pharmaceutical applications. Actinobacteria are one among the microbes producing a variety of antibiotics. Apart from antibiotics, it also produces many novel enzymes and important pharmaceutical products. Actinobacteria serves as a reservoir of antibiotics and novel chemical compounds...

Diverse antibiotic drugs have been used for the treatment of bacterial infections; however, their overuse, improper handling, and limitations in treatment facilities can result in their accumulation and biotransformation in the water systems. These bio-accumulated antibiotics can lead to more detrimental effects due to the emergence of multi-resist...

This study investigates the anticancer cytotoxic mechanism of action of benzoyloxy-ethyl-carbamic acid (BECA) produced by Streptomyces globosus VITLGK011. Flow cytometry analysis confirmed that BECA (at IC50 : 3.12 µg/ml) treatment for 24 h induced apoptosis in 60% of cells. Schrodinger Maestro tools such as QikProp and DFT were used to confirm tha...

Streptomyces are among the most promising genera in terms of production ability to biosynthesize a variety of bioactive secondary metabolites with pharmaceutical interest. Coinciding with the increase in genomic sequencing of these bacteria, mining of their genomes for biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) has become a routine component of natural prod...

Streptomyces, being one of the most promising genera due to its ability to synthesize a variety of bioactive secondary metabolites of pharmaceutical interest, here studied in relation to its genomic and metabolomic potential. Coinciding with the increase in sequenced data, mining of bacterial genomes for biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) has become...

Background Antimicrobial potential of silver nanoparticles synthesised by using various biological sources was already been reported by many researchers. The green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using microbial sources has been proved to be more effective. Methods In this study, anti-dermatophytic silver nanoparticles were synthesised by using...

A total of 72 morphologically different actinomycetes isolates were isolated from samples collected at different regions of Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India and screened for its antibacterial activity against fish and shellfish pathogens. All actinomycetes isolates were screened for antibacterial activity by cross streak method against the selected fish...

Actinomycetes isolates collected from different environments were screened for antiviral activity against WSSV. One isolate designated as CAHSH-2 showed antiviral activity against WSSV at the concentration of 0.2 mg per shrimp. The laboratory trial of determining antiviral activity of ethyl acetate extract (EtOAcE) of CAHSH-2 against WSSV was carri...

The present study was to check the anti-Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) activity of actinomycetes isolated from terrestrial soil samples. The cell free supernatant and the ethyl acetate extract prepared from the potential isolate were studied for anti-MRSA activity. The culturing conditions of the potential isolate were optimized...

The aim of the present study was actinomycetes mediated biosynthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) and evaluation of its antibacterial activity against selected human and fish pathogens. The biosynthesized CuO NPs were characterized by UV–Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The presence of capping agents over the metal nanoparticles was confir...

The rapid emergence of antibiotic resistance by pathogenic bacteria underlines the need for new antibacterial agents from natural sources. With those objective marine actinomycetes derived novel compound was screened for antibacterial and antifungal activity by in-silico molecular docking studies. Twelve actinomycetes were isolated from marine soil...

Aquaculture is one of the major food-producing sectors in the world. Disease control and management in aquaculture are one of the major constraints in aquaculture development as fish pathogens are becoming resistant to conventional therapeutics. Actinomycetes are one of the most economical and biotechnologically important microbes and have proven t...

Drug resistance among pathogenic microorganisms has become the biggest threat to the treatment of human infective diseases worldwide, often making the treatment ineffective. Actinomycetes are capable of producing novel bioactive metabolites and new chemical entities. The objective of the present study was to screen actinomycetes showing anti-Methic...

The aim of the present study was to screen the antiviral activity of the secondary metabolite 9(10H)-Acridanone extracted from Streptomyces fradiae strain VITMK2 in Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp infected with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). The strain was isolated from marine soil sediment sample collected from the mangrove forest region of Pichava...

The objective of this study is to screen for the α-Amylase activity of a marine actinomycete strain Streptomyces sp. VITMK1 isolated from soil sediment sample collected from the mangrove region of Pichavaram, Tamil Nadu, India. Streptomyces sp. VITMK1 was isolated from soil sediment sample collected from the mangrove region of Pichavaram. The isola...

Streptomyces sp. VITHM1 isolated from marine sediment sample collected at Alappuzha Beach, Kerala, India, was screened for antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. The isolate was identified based on phylogeny and molecular taxonomic characterization. Bioactivity-guided extraction and purification of ethyl...

Background: The aim of the present study was to analyse the antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of GancidinW (GW) extracted from Streptomyces paradoxus VITALK03. Materials and Methods: Antidiabetic potential of GW was evaluated by assay of α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity; haemoglobin glycosylation and yeast glucose uptake. The a...

Abstract: Background: Free radical generation has been proved to be responsible for various cellular diseases. It is necessary to combat free radicals using antioxidants derived from natural sources. Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the diketopiperazine compound extracted from Streptomyces sp. VITMK1...

The VP28 gene of white spot syndrome virus was amplified by PCR using gene specific primer set and cloned into pRSET B vector to produce recombinant VP28 (r-VP28) in E. coli GJ1158. The chitosan tripolyphosphate nanoparticles (CS/TPP) were prepared by ionic gelation process and characterized. The purified r-VP28 protein was encapsulated by CS/TPP n...

Marine actinomycetes are known to possess novel anticancer compounds. In this study, we screened marine actinomycetes for isolation and identification of possible cytotoxic anticancer secondary metabolites, if there any. Screening of antagonistic actinomycetes isolates from Rameswaram and Dhanushkodi marine soil samples resulted in the selection of...

The aim of the present study was to identify cytotoxic secondary metabolite produced by marine Streptomyces paradoxus VITALK03 and to study its mechanism of anticancer activity. Bioactivity guided screening of secondary metabolites from S. paradoxus VITALK03 resulted in identification of (3R,8aR)-3-(2-methylpropyl)-octahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]piperazine...

Actinomycetes mediated biogenic synthesis of metal nanoparticles and their antimicrobial activities are well documented. Actinomycetes facilitate both intracellular and extracellular metal nanoparticles synthesis and are efficient candidates for the production of polydispersed, stable and ultra-small size metal nanoparticles. Secondary metabolites...

Co-culturing of actinomycetes is a classical approach used to enhance bioactivity. In this study, co-culturing of terrestrial and marine actinomycetes was performed to obtain increased anticancer cytotoxic activity. Crude extract prepared from co-cultured isolates showed increased anticancer activity. Although normal and healthy actinomycetes filam...

Accumulation of high concentrations of heavy metals in soil and environment affects both humans and microorganisms. Heavy metals get accumulated within the tissues of the organism and at various levels of the ecological chain; leads to decrease in the biomass and biological diversity by affecting the growth, morphology, and activity of the organism...

Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the biological activity of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione,hexahydro-3-(phenylmethyl)-(PPDHP) extracted from Streptomyces sp. VITPK9, isolated from the brine spring of Thoubal district, Manipur, India. Materials and Methods: Hemolytic effect of the lead compound was determined, and human erythrocyt...

We present the microbial green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (NPs) by Streptomyces ghanaensis VITHM1 strain (MTCC No. 12465). The secondary metabolites in the cell free supernatant of this bacterium when incubated with 1 mmol/L AgNO3, mediated the biological synthesis of AgNPs. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV-visible spectrum, X-...

The development of antimicrobial resistance has increased worldwide and there is urgent need for developing new antimicrobial drugs which will be safe, more potent and less toxic when compared to the existing antibiotics currently available in the market. Molecular Docking is an effective and competent tool for in Silico screening of bioactive comp...

Over the past two decades, fungal infections have increased significantly and have been associated with increased morbidity and mortality. As advances in medical care have improved the survival of patients with severe and life-threatening illnesses, the more aggressive nature of such care has led to a rapid increase in the number of immunosuppresse...

Aim: To isolate and identify marine actinomycetes with potential antibacterial activity. Materials and Methods: Marine actinomycetes were isolated from soil samples collected at the Rameswaram and Dhanushkodi coast of Tamil Nadu, India. The isolated strains were screened for antibacterial activity by cross-streaking method against Escherichia coli...

The aim of the present study was to isolate antibacterial compound from Streptomyces sp. VITMK1 isolated from mangrove soil of Pichavaram, Tamil Nadu, India. A total of 31 actinomycetes isolates were isolated from soil samples collected at the mangrove region. Actinomycetes isolates were screened for antibacterial activity by well diffusion method....

Increased incidence of candidiasis has been reported in immunocompromised patients. The aim of the present study was to predict the molecular interaction between pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione hexahydro-3-(phenyhnethyl) (PPDHP) extracted from Streptotnyces sp. VITPK9 against the selected candidal proteins responsible for virulence. The compound P...

Sinusitis is preyalent in children and causes upper respiratory tract inflammation. The aim of the present study was to study the interaction of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione hexahydro-3-(phenylmethyl) (PPDHP) extracted from Streptomyces sp.VITPK9 (ligand) with selected targets, chemokines involved in the pathogenesis of sinusitis. Three.chemoki...

The incidence of bacterial disease has increased tremendously in the last decade, because of the emergence of drug resistance strains within the bacterial pathogens. The present study was to investigate the antibacterial compound 2,5-di-tert-butyl-1,4-benzoquinone (DTBBQ) isolated from marine Streptomyces sp. VITVSK1 as a potent antibacterial agent...

The anti-ESBL activity of 1, 2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, mono (2-ethylhexyl) ester (DMEHE) extracted from marine Streptomyces sp strain VITSJK8 was further confirmed by in silico analysis. A total of 10 ESBL proteins was chosen for this study from the protein data bank (PDB) and were docked with the DMEHE. The resultant atomic contact energy (ACE)...

The anti-ESBL activity of 1, 2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, mono (2-ethylhexyl) ester (DMEHE) extracted from marine Streptomyces sp strain VITSJK8 was further confirmed by in silico analysis. A total of 10 ESBL proteins was chosen for this study from the protein data bank (PDB) and were docked with the DMEHE. The resultant atomic contact energy (ACE)...

Marine Streptomyces sp.VITBRK3 isolated from the sediment sample collectedat the Marakkanamcoast located in the Southeast coastal region of Bay of Bengal, India. The ethyl acetate extract was prepared from the culture supernatant of Streptomyces sp.VITBRK3.The anti-MRSA compound was purified by silica gel column chromatography and HPLC. The purifie...

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common and important clinical problem in millions of humans each year and drug resistant uropathogens like CTXM-extended spectrum β-lactamase (CTXM-ESBL) producers poses a catastrophic threat to healthcare community worldwide. ESBL pathogens were isolated from urine samples (90 nos) collected at Health cent...

Marine Streptomyces are prolific producers of majority of bioactive secondary metabolites which are used in pharmaceutical industry as effective drugs against life threatening diseases. The cytotoxic activity of the pure compound 1, 2- benzene dicarboxylic acid, mono 2- ethylhexyl ester (DMEHE) from marine derived actinomycete Streptomyces sp. VITS...

Candida infections are frequently reported in both HIV and cancer patients. Recent reports have shown that Candida participates in malignant transformation of oral fibrosis. The aim of the present study was to isolate and to identify anticandidal compound from soil Streptomyces sp. VITPK9. It was isolated from a brine spring of Manipur located in T...

Actinomycetes were isolated from marine sediment samples collected from the east coast of Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Well diffusion and agar plug methods were used for the evaluation of antibiotic production by these isolates against drug resistant Methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin resistant Enterococci (VRE). The...

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anticandidal activity of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles using the culture filtrate of Streptomyces sp.VITPK1. Materials and methods: Silver nanoparticles were synthesized using the culture filtrate of Streptomyces species isolated from brine spring located at Thoubal Dis...

The present study describes the in-silico molecular docking of three compounds (ligands) i) Cyclopentanepropanoic acid, 3,5-bis(acetyloxy)-2-[3-(methoxyimino) octyl], methyl ester (C22H37NO7), ii) 5-Azidomethyl-3-(2-ethoxycarbonyl-ethyl)-4-ethoxy-carbonylmethyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (C17H24N4O6) and iii) Akuammilan-16-carboxylic acid, 17-(ac...

The aim of the study was to identify the interactions between insect repellent compounds and target olfactory proteins. Four compounds, camphor (C10H16O), carvacrol (C10H14O), oleic acid (C18H34O2) and firmotox (C22H28O5) were chosen as ligands. Seven olfactory proteins of insects with PDB IDs: 3K1E, 1QWV, 1TUJ, 1OOF, 2ERB, 3R1O and OBP1 were chose...

Emergence of antibiotic resistance by bacteria has become a serious threat for public health worldwide. In this study, Streptomyces isolated from fertile soil sample was tested for biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNps) using cell-free supernatant and synthesized AgNps were screened for anti-ESBL (extended spectrum β-lactamase) activity again...

Drug resistance by bacterial pathogens becomes a major health problem worldwide. Hence, it is important to search for broad spectrum of antibiotic from natural sources. Marine actinomycetes isolated from marine sediments collected at different sampling sites along the southeast coast of Bay of Bengal, India were investigated for antagonistic activi...

Objective: To study the biosorption of heavy metals viz., Cr (VI), Cr (III), Hg (II), Pb (II) and Cd (II) using Gracilaria corticata varcartecala (G. corticata varcartecala) and Grateloupia lithophila (G. lithophila) biomass. Methods: Batch biosorption and acid digestion methods were used. Different physical and chemical parameters were optimiz...

Extraction of pigments from natural sources is gaining momentum due to many biological applications. The aim of our study was to extract and to identify the pigment produced by Streptomyces species isolated from saltpan soil samples. The pigment-producing isolate was characterized by molecular taxonomy, identified as Streptomyces species, and desig...

Aspergillus is a major human pathogen responsible for the formation of aspergilloma in preformed lung cavity among pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Most of the strains causing Aspergillosis are drug resistant in nature. Hence looking for an effective antagonistic lead compound from natural sources are very much needed to tackle the drug resistance...

The aim of the present study was to assess the antimicrobial and larvicidal activity of Streptomyces sp. VITPK9, isolated from brine spring habitat of Manipur, India. The isolate was identified by molecular taxonomy and phylogeny of the isolate revealed that it belonged to the genus Streptomyces and designated as Streptomyces sp. VITPK9 (JN689333)....

The aim of the study was to screen the antagonistic activity of Streptomyces species isolated from marine sediment samples against drug resistant Gram positive cocci. A total of 137 strains were isolated and 15% of the actinomycetes were found to be antibiotic producers. Out of which one potential isolate showed significant inhibitory activity agai...

Antifungal drugs are inhibitors either of fungal cell wall biosynthesis or essential reaction steps of fungal metabolic pathways. In silico studies have proved to be very effective on screening small molecules to be used as drugs and identifying essential reactions and pathways as targets. The aim of the present study was to predict the interaction...

At present, the criteria used to select optimal new anticancer drug candidates include inhibitors of cell proliferation, essential reaction and pathways in cancerous cells. In silico approach resulting in the identification of essential reactions and pathways spreads across several parts of metabolism. The aim of our study is to study the interacti...

Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess the anti-Aspergillus activity of culture filtrate of Streptomyces sp. VITSTK7 and biologically synthesized Ag(2)O/Ag nanoparticles using the culture filtrate of VITSTK7. Material and methods: Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by biological reduction of silver nitrate using culture filtrat...

The criteria currently followed for selecting antitumor compounds include agents that can target apoptosis inhibitor proteins and cancer cell markers. In silico studies are often used to identify suitable antitumor compounds for the cancer targets. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the interactions of some antitumor compounds reported fro...

Currently the criteria used for selecting optimal new antibacterial drug candidates include inhibitors of nucleic acid synthesis, fatty acid biosynthesis and folic acid pathway. The aim of the present study was to study the interaction of the isolated anti-bacterial compound, 2, 5-Di-tert-butyl-1, 4-benzoquinone (DTBBQ) from Streptomyces sp. VITVSK...

2(2):5-11 K Kannabiran et.al, IJPRR 2013; 2(2) 5 ABSTRACT The objective of the study was to investigate the percentage inhibition of glycolytic enzymes by compounds produced by two strains of Streptomyces sp. isolated from different niches of India. The strain Streptomyces sp. VITPK9 was isolated from brine spring located in Thoubal district, Manip...

a b s t r a c t The conventional method of synthesizing gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) by chemical methods tends to cause an environmental concern; therefore there is an increasing tendency to use safe and nontoxic methods. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anti-dermatophytic potential of biologically synthesized Au NPs using the cell f...

Abstract Extraction of pigments from natural sources is gaining momentum due to many biological applications. The aim of our study was to extract and to identify the pigment produced by Streptomyces species isolated from saltpan soil samples. The pigment-producing isolate was characterized by molecular taxonomy, identified as Streptomyces species,...

In the systematic screening programme for cytotoxic compound from marine actinomycetes, the compound furan-2-yl acetate (F2A) from Streptomyces VITSDK1 spp. The structure of the compound was unequivocally determined by spectral studies. It was previously found that F2A has potential antiviral activity against fish nodavirus. In the present study, t...